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The Transformation Of The Soviet Union During The 1930's

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Intro =Stalin's economic transformation, incorporated a series of economic policies and initiatives that were introduced to the Soviet Union during the late 1920s and early 1930s. Stalin's economic transformation was characterized by a centralized, command economy and a focus on heavy industry, which had a profound impact on Soviet society. Stalin implemented various methods in ambition to transformation the agricultural economy to a industrial economy. These methods included collectivization, industrialization, and the use of Five-Year Plans. The Five-Year Plans were Stalin's central tool for economic transformation. Additionally these plans were used to create extremely ambitious goals, in effort to rapidly industrialise country and transform …show more content…

The First Five-Year Plan from 1928 to 1932 focused on the development of heavy industry, including the construction of new factories, mines, and power stations. For example the creation of the large automobile factories in Moscow, the tractor plans at Stalingrad, the steel plants at Magnitogorsk and Kuznetsky basin, and the hydro-electric stations at Dnieper in which were all built in ramification to Stalin's 1st five year plan, however as explored by Robert Service although their was major economic successes those successes inevitably triggered extreme human losses. The immensity of Stalin's economic transformation was showcased by the expediential mobilisation of labour camps. The gulags were placed in the most inhospitable parts of the soviet union, and consequently led to scarce amounts of food and a surge in disease prominence promoting the extreme fatality rates. Although the creation of gulags had a blanket effect on society, Gulags had the vital significance the success of industrialisation. Thus being a crucial resource for the construction of many industries including the nation's railways and roads, mining operations, and the timber industry. Therefore Stalin's Gulag facilities were the catalyst in transforming the economy as stated by Orlando figs "Stalin's economic policies represented a ruthless attempt to transform a backward agricultural society into a …show more content…

The Soviet Union saw rapid industrial growth during the 1930s, with the construction of new factories, power plants, and infrastructure. This growth was fuelled by a massive influx of investment and resources, as well as by the forced labour of millions of people who were sent to work in factories and on construction projects. Stalin's economic policies placed prominence on the investment of heavy industry facilitating economic growth and increased employment opportunities for millions of people, thus reducing unemployment and creating Russia a major industrial power- Mark Harrison. In addition Stalin's policies emphasised the development of new technologies and the promotion of scientific research, which helped the soviet union make significant advances in areas such as aviation, space exploration, military and technology. On the one hand, the rapid industrialization brought new job opportunities and higher standards of living for many people. On the other hand, Stalin's policies were often brutal and oppressive. Millions of people were sent to labour camps or executed for political reasons, and the government's control over people's lives was pervasive. In conclusion, Stalin's economic transformation of the Soviet Union had both positive and negative impacts. While it led to rapid

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STALIN Stalin had both positive and negative effects on the Soviet Union during his time of rule. He brought forth many great ideas, but these ideas also affected the Union in a negative way. The five year plan was a system that Stalin came up with. This meant that they would follow a plan for five years, then when that five years was up, they would follow a different plan. He believed that this would help the Soviet Union keep up at a pace that the rest of the world was moving.

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From 1928, when the plan started, to 1932 to its end, many factories, dams, power stations and even cities were being built. Despite there being harsh penalties implemented to workers for failure to meet their targets, there was still a significant increase in Russia’s industrial growth in a very short period of time. Just like the emancipation of the serfs in 1861, under Tsar Alexander II, in protest of Stalin’s policies, the peasants, in protest, refused to work harder than they needed too, causing them to destroy livestock and crops, which eventually lead to their unnecessary death. Stalin, just like the Tsarist autocratic regime, was not committed to collectivism but preferred capitalism in his ruling of the Soviet Union. This caused a lot of rebellion from the Kulaks who opposed collectivism.

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According to Doc. 4, the USSR produced 35.4 million tons of coal, 11.7 million tons of oil, 3.3 million tons of iron, and 4 million tons of steel in 1927. With Stalin in office, these numbers increased greatly in 1932. According to the Background Doc., “Stalin implemented collectivization which combined all of the agricultural farms into large state-owned farms and forced the peasants to work on them,

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This was similar to the United States of America, as the US was also trying to industrialize with a purpose of factories and people working in them. A big factor of the industrialization that both America and Russia shared was that both of these countries had a very unfair system for workers. The pay was not great, and people who were poor had it even worse. There is even an old saying that fits this very well, “The rich get richer”. This is true because the people who were already poor, who were working for the money so they could afford things like homes, food, water, and clothing, were staying poor, because their pay was so low that at the rate of them using their money for necessities, they were earning barely enough to afford them.

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Following the death of Vladimir Lenin in 1914, Joseph Stalin took up his position as leader of the Soviet Union. After rising to power, Stalin made drastic changes to Russia that was still torn from war at the time. With his power, Stalin aimed to bring Russia to the top of the world. In the end, while he pushed the Soviet Union’s economy to new heights, his methods were cruel and had negative impacts. After the war, Stalin was determined to turn Russia into a great industrial power.

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Steel production and the electricity generation increased. Another focus for Stalin was on agriculture. His plan was to use collective farming to produce more food by less people. The people working these farms objected the idea and often destroyed their crops and livestock rather than giving it to the government. Stalin’s response to this was to take the food by force and kill any protesters.

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The Five-Year Plans were a series of goals which each took five years to complete, that were aimed at quickly improving the economy and industrialisation of the USSR so that it could compete with Western Capitalist countries. According to Stalin in a speech on 7 January 1933, the first Five Year Plan was a great success in terms of its outputs, and furthermore because the working class was able to complete the first Plan ahead of schedule in only four years16(Source B).The Plan was successful in creating an iron and steel industry, a tractor industry, a machine-tool industry, a chemical industry, an agricultural machinery industry and an aircraft industry16(Source B). In addition, the USSR now ranked among the first for electricity, oil products and coal outputs in the world16(Source B).In another speech delivered by Stalin in April 1928, Stalin discusses the modernisation of agriculture and puts forward his idea of Collectivization to increase agricultural outputs for the USSR17(Source C). Stalin knew that agricultural production and development was very slow, and was thus negatively affecting the country’s economy17(Source C). Stalin blamed this slow development on the fact that the USSR still had an “insecure” and “primitive” system of economy because of

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It was a really tragic thing that could have happened. 2. Five-year Plan: What is the five-year plan and what was it for? The five-year plan was a plan “launched by Stalin in 1928, and termed the revolution from above, aimed at modernizing the Soviet Union”. This helps see that Stalin wanted a better Soviet Union that was stronger.

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Stalin obtained a significant focus on heavy industry, for he knew it would only bring benefits to those who follow him; however, his viewpoint of what could be accomplished opposed to what people in the USSR believed can be achievable. The first plan adopted by the party in 1928 “set goals that were unrealtic- a 250 percent increase in overall industrial development and a 330 percent expansion in heavy industry alone” (Document 1). People believed that the USSR was still in its developing stage; therefore, a demand in increasing industrial production by a large amount will not happen in a short period of time. Problems began to evolve due to the unrealistic demands Stalin put into place. Managers and company owners believed that the quote they had to achieve was unreasonable leading to conflict.

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Under the breadths of communism, Stalin reorganized the economy and changed labor prioritization. Executing a total of 3 individual 5-year plan installments, Stalin began to change the long ancient farmland based economy into an industrial superpower. These centralized economic plans were instated by a state planning committee that followed communistic economic principles. In this manner, the 5-year plans called for rapid industrialization through heavy industry. Joshua R. Keefe wrote for the Student Pulse: “ . . .

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The Road to Socialism: An Analysis of Stalin’s Speech “The Results of the First Five-Year Plan” In the span of 11 years, Russia had gone from a nation in the hands of the Tsars to a nation controlled by Joseph Stalin’s Communist Party. Joseph Stalin was a Russian political leader who was the Head of the Communist Party from 1927 until his death in 1953. In 1928, Stalin created the first Five-Year Plan, which aimed to strengthen the USSR by promoting heavy industry, collectivizing agriculture, increasing military defense and establishing a system of state terror. In 1933, Stalin delivered a speech which outlined the goals and achievements of the plan, but covered up the “serious sacrifices” and “excesses” that resulted.

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In 1928, Stalin had introduced his First Five-Year Plan and made a main focuses on the rapid increase of heavy industry output. The need for rapid advancement was to establish the Soviet Union an independent nation that, in the time of war, would not need to rely on the industrial imports from other nations. The success of the First Five-Year Plan is largely debated, as the rapid increase of several heavy industries is seen as a success in the needs of the Plan as a whole. However, many historians view the outcomes of the Plan in the context its goals, and take the perspective that it had failed in its aspirations. Although Stalin’s first five-year plan was successful in drastically improving the iron, coal, and steel industries, it was his

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