The code of loyalty in Beowulf is mainly seen in the relationship between a king and his knight(s). Loyalty is the driving component of “comitatus,” or the agreement of protection in exchange for land and status between a king and his knight. By actively preserving this arrangement in moments of objection, one can rise to fame and nobility, such as Beowulf did. Essentially every relationship seen in Beowulf, from King Hygelac and Beowulf, to Beowulf and Wiglaf, is informed by the code loyalty.

Although the majority of the poem centers around Beowulf’s time under King Hrothgar, the greatest demonstration of loyalty between king and knight exists between King Hygelac and Beowulf. Upon returning to King Hygelac’s hall after defeating Grendel’s mother, Beowulf offers all the gifts he received to his king. Despite King Hrothgar’s intentions of blessing solely Beowulf with these gifts, it is expected of Beowulf to deliver his rewards to his king who will then reward Beowulf. By passing on acquired treasures to one’s king, preservation of the code of loyalty occurs. Beowulf understands that he would not be in this high position nor achieve these great accomplishments without Hygelac. This awareness later on positions Beowulf to become king; but first his loyalty is again tested in the matters of Hygelac’s son. Though Hygd offers Beowulf the opportunity to be king following King Hygelac’s death, Beowulf declines and insists the legitimately throne belongs to Hygelac’s son. Only