1.Prejudice is a preconceived judgment that one may have without having any reason to be judging.
Stereotypes are fixed representations of a particular type of person, or object.
Discrimination is the unjust treatment to different groups of people, that includes age, gender, sex, and body image.
All of these terms are similar to one another, but they all have their own meaning. Discrimination is unfair treatment to a group of people and the actions coming from the one discriminating prevents or denies fair treatment. The difference between discrimination and prejudices is a preconceived notion about a person, based on their personal feelings about a group. Stereotypes create a fix image or idea of how one group of people may act, or be like.
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One psychological cost of stereotypes, are threats to stereotypes. Stereotypes threats is the fear of a member in your group who on the verge of making the stereotypes to come to fruition. Stereotype threats can cause one to not identify with a particular group. As explained in the text, when white men were told they were competing with Asians, they did poorly. They misidentify with this particular subject, because they believe that they weren’t going to outperform the Asian students.
3. One material cost that one may face are hairstyles and job opportunities. There have been stories in the news that talks about African Americans hairstyles are frown upon in the work place. By having hairstyles of an afro-puff or dreadlocks will be you less desirable in the work field. Recently they made a law that allows you to discriminate towards African American who have dreadlocks. Many African Americans wear their hair in dreadlock form, due to cultural reason, but jobs are now able to denied a person because the hairstyle. Those who wear traditional hairstyles can prevent African Americans job
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Personal characteristics can underline the causes of prejudices. Some people may seek social approval from their group, so they may say remarks that can be consider prejudices, or partake and discriminating a group of people. People seek out social approval from their group to be accepted and to get recognize that they also belong to their group. Situational characteristics that underline prejudices can be due to intergroup competition. This is when one group will do all they can to receive resources to better their group by taking or restricting access to other groups. With having all or most of the resources, they will be able to thrive, and remain or receive some power over the other