In this essay I will utilise information given about a patient Zahoor. This is a fictitious patient so consent is not required. I will explain the risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes, demonstrate an awareness of the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes and explain the tests used to diagnose diabetes.
Zahoor is a 72 year old Pakistani male who has previously had a stroke and has a blood pressure of 160/92 mmhg. He weighs 94 kg and his BMI (body mass index) is 32.5 which indicate that he is obese; he is 170 cm tall and has a heavy smoking lifestyle of 15 cigarettes a day.
If we screen Zahoor for diabetes based on the risk factors then the main risk factor are his predisposing cardiovascular medical condition, he suffers from high blood pressure
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Type 1 diabetes is treated with insulin and is known as insulin dependant diabetes (DIABETES, 2015).
Type 2 diabetes is non-insulin dependent and presents some of the same symptoms as type 1 diabetes and is common in 40-70 years. It may be caused by lower secretions of insulin from the cells which reduces its efficiency or more commonly the body is resistant to the action of insulin. Treatment for type 2 diabetes involves lifestyle changes and the person may also need oral anti diabetic medication and insulin (DIABETES, 2015).
Zahoor’s presenting symptoms that link him to type 2 diabetes as he is suffering from fatigue and frequent urination, lack of mobility limiting his physical activity which could be a result of the stroke he had a few years ago. His blood pressure is raised and this may also be due to his current medication which would need to be monitored as this could cause cardiovascular problems in the future, all these would put him in the type 2 diabetes risk as stated in NICE