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Tenon Disorders: A Literature Review

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Discussion The ankle is the most frequently injured major joint in the body. Ultrasonography (US) performed with high-resolution broadband linear-array probes has become increasingly important in the assessment of ligaments around the ankle because it is low cost, fast, readily available, and free of ionizing radiation. US can provide a detailed depiction of normal anatomic structures and is effective for evaluating ligament integrity. In addition, US allows the performance of dynamic maneuvers, which may contribute to increasing the visibility of normal ligaments and improved detection of tears (1). US has shown valuable results in the evaluation of the normal and pathologic anatomic structures of the ankle and provides an imaging …show more content…

Although tendon Achilles is the strongest tendon in the human body, all literature agreed that the tendon Achilles is the most commonly injured ankle tendon. the site of pathological findings is typically within the critical zone, a zone of relative hypovascularity 2- 6 cm from the calcaneal insertion. In this study Achilles tendon injuries represented 38 % of all diagnosed ankle tendon injuries and ranged in severity from enthesopathy, tendinosis, partial tear, to complete tear. In this study, ultrasound was capable in detecting all Achilles tendon disorders indentified by MRI, clinical correlation, operative findings, and follow up (100% sensitivity). One of the potential advantages of ultrasonography over MRI in cases of Achilles tendon injuries is its ability to depict intratendinous calcifications or ossifications which are usually missed among the similar low signal pattern of the tendon at MRI. In this study, ultrsonography could identify distal Achilles tiny intratendinous calcific foci in two cases which were not clearly demonstrable at …show more content…

MRI ,however, may not be an accurate gold standard, because M. A. Arnoldner et al,(66) found a 87% concordance between MRI and ultrasound for evaluating PTT pathology, Image findings for US were confirmed in 66.7% by intraoperative inspection, whereas imaging findings for MRI were concordant with 55.6%. Although the small number of posterior tibial tendon pathology in this study group, our results were similar to the results acheived by miller et al, who correlated ultrasound findings in posterior tibial tendon injuries with surgical findings and showed that ultrasound allowed correct diagnosis in all of the cases of tendon diseases, including tendinosis, tenosynovitis, partial and complete tear. they also stated that ultrasound can demonstrate bony spurs or osteophytes adjacent to the posterior tibial tendon that may be difficult to identify by

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Solution Name of the professional Dr. Paul N. Abeyta, M.D Profession Engaged in the professions of Sports medicine and orthopedic surgery How did he decided on this occupation Dr. Abeyta has a faith that tremendous outputs can be attained with unambiguous treatment and conversation schemes that are customized to the individual necessities of patient. He put emphasis on wound deterrence and makes the most of a multidisciplinary group which comprises superiorly taught licensed athletic trainers and corporeal therapists. He believes that cautious diagnostic assessment, sympathetic care, and appliances of existing surgical technique and medical information are all vital for returning the patients to their pre-injury point of movement.

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Introduction The aim of this review paper is to access the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury of the knee (tibiofemoral) joint, which is a common sport and exercise injury related to the musculoskeletal system. Investigation of the anatomy and physiology of the knee joint, and the diagnosis, etiology, pathophysiology, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of ACL injuries will provide a descriptive epidemiology. This will aid readers in making informed management and treatment decisions, and guide them to safely perform movements to prevent injury. This review paper will incorporate holistic views on relevant scientific research, including primary resources such as journal articles and lecture notes, which will be cross-referenced

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The injury occurs due to the ligaments been over stretched or torn. Depending on severity of the injury it can be classified as a particular grade. Grade 1 being minor, which will have minimal loss of function, pain and tenderness. Grade 2 being a partial tear where pain is likely to be while resting and on bearing any weight, and grade 3 a very server or a complete rupture where the client will likely feel extreme pain, and the ability to function properly. (Comfort and Abrahamson, 2010)

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1100 Words | 5 Pages

Patellar tendonitis (PT) is a chronic overuse injury, associated with anterior knee pain sustained during activity, and is a result of the patella tendon becoming overstressed and inflamed (Kettunen et al., 2002). A tendon is defined as a dense, fibrous tissue which is made up of collagenous fibres and attaches muscles to other body parts; usually bones. The patella tendon is located on the anterior aspect of the knee, and is a continuation of the quadriceps tendon and attaching on to the patella and the tibial tuberosity (Kuntzman and Tortora, 2010) and is the main structure by which the knee straightens. When the quadriceps muscles contract, the patella tendon is pulled, and in turn this pulls on the tibia, causing the leg to straighten.

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984 Words | 4 Pages

The 20 athletes were comprised of 17 men and 3 women ranging from the ages of 18-30 years old (Christakou, Zervas, & Lavallee, 2007). The sports in which the ankle injuries occurred were volleyball, basketball, mini-soccer, long jump, gymnastics, and judo. The 20 athletes were then divided in to two groups at random consisting of the control and the experimental group. In the control group there were nine men and one woman.

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1130 Words | 5 Pages

Collegiate Athletes’ Perceptions of Adhesive Ankle Taping: A Qualitative Analysis by Erika Hunt and Sandra Short is a qualitative study to explore the athletes’ perceptions of adhesive ankle taping. Adhesive tape is a very popular treatment modality for athletic injuries because it can be used for retention of wound bandages, compression, stabilization, prevention of additional injuries, and protection of both acute injuries and recent injuries. Taping had been important of athletic training; the widespread belief in the effectiveness of ankle taping and the extremely high incidence of lateral ankle sprains among athletes’ results in the frequent use of adhesive taping on ankles in athletics today (Wilkerson, 2002, p. 280). Adhesive taping has been shown to decrease ankle sprain incidence by providing mechanical support and enhanced proprioception for foot-ankle complex (Cordova, Ingersoll, Palmieri, 2002, p. 281). The benefits of taping include ankle range of motion, strength, and neuromuscular control.

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This also connects with me because I also had a similar injury not too long ago where I had to put an ice pack on my ankle. Another fact he uses goes with my reasoning about how ankle injuries are the most commonly caused basketball injury. “The NBA also lists the ankle as the most frequently injured joint, with over 1,800 game-related ankle injuries compromising 14.7%.” He also brings up data that shows how basketball injuries are the most out of the top watched/played

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The Pittsburg Knee Rules is another series of rules to determine if the knee injury requires radiographs despite of the patients’ ages (McKinnis, 2014). Patients with a blunt/non-penetrating trauma of the knee can benefit of using the Pittsburg Knee Rules. The PKR has a sensitivity of 99%, a specificity of 60% increasing the opportunities to get a specific medical diagnosis, and reducing the need for x-rays by 52%. Comparing the PKR with the OKR, the literature states the PKR offer less false

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The tendons in the foot are exceedingly complex and intricate. Thus, the healing process for a broken

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Knee pain is the leading symptom, usually becoming worse when the affected knee is put in motion and improving when it is at rest. Persistent pain at rest, or at night, can be a sign of advanced osteoarthritis. The physical examination should incorporate all relevant findings, including findings on inspection and palpation, testing of the range of movement, and special functional tests when needed (e.g., ligament stability, meniscus tests, gait analysis). In imaging studies, X-ray imaging are used both for primary diagnosis and to assess the progression of the disease.

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776 Words | 4 Pages

The hind foot: Itconfigures the heel and the ankle. The talus bone upkeepsthe leg bones (tibia and fibula), creating the ankle. The calcaneus (heel bone) is the biggest bone in your foot. Ligaments, muscles and tendonscourse along the planes of your feet, allowing the complexarrangementsdesirable for movement and steadiness. The Achilles tendon attaches your heel to the calf muscles and is indispensible for loping, hopping, and being upright on yourtoes.

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1785 Words | 8 Pages

NEUROMUSCULAR , PROPRIOCEPTIVE AND BALANCE TRAINING VS BRACING AND TAPING FOR PREVENTING RECURRENT ANKLE SPRAIN IN ATHLETES INTRODUCTION An ankle sprain is an injury to the tough ligaments that surrounds the bones and keeps in contact with each other (1). In India more than ten million cases per year is recorded (2). Ankle sprain makes about 15% of all athletic injuries occurring each day (1).

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424 Words | 2 Pages

His gait improved slightly with modalities, like deep tissue massage, ultrasound and also some home exercises but the pain was still present. Roger lee kilfoil jr Therapist treated the gentleman with iontophoresis of 4% acetic acid using phoresor PM900 at 2.0 mA DC current for 20 min of a period of 2 weeks. The positive electrode was on midshaft of fibula, and the negative electrode over the Achilles tendon insertion bilaterally. After two weeks, the patient’s pain scale improved and after the third treatment the patient no longer need the assistance of the rail for the stairs. The fifth iontophoresis treatment, he was discharged from physical therapy, and reached a goal of decreased posterior heel pain.

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959 Words | 4 Pages

Healthy and functionally instable subjects took part in this study. For the step down protocol, the test leg was used as the step down leg off a 20cm high platform onto a force plate. This protocol is a replication from a study by Colby et al about ACL deficits. The jump landing protocol was taken from the study mentioned above by Ross et al. The conclusion from the study by Wilkstrom et al concluded that the best protocol to use to compare health and functionally instable ankles is the jump landing and should be analysed using the unbounded third order polynomial

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1615 Words | 7 Pages

The non-invasive imaging techniques of X-ray, CT-scan, MRI, Bone scan and Ultrasound can capture only gross cartilage defects and may not be useful for early detection of cartilage pathology [6]. The semi-invasive 2 techniques of arthroscopy are a diagnostic and surgical procedure to

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