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Unknown White Compound

577 Words3 Pages

The objective of the Unknown White Compound experiment was to investigate the compound’s physical and chemical properties to correctly identify and then synthesize the compound. The first step was to test the compounds solubility and create a solution with distilled water. Next, a pH test was conducted by testing the unknown compound using pH paper. Following, the flame test was used to determine the cation and the ion test was used to determine the anion, which concluded the compound to mostly be potassium nitrate. Next, a conductivity probe and pH probe were used to confirm the unknown compound to be potassium nitrate. The final step was to synthesize potassium nitrate using silver nitrate and potassium chloride. The experiments listed above concluded the unknown white compound to be potassium nitrate. Interestingly, the work’s main goal is to follow lab safety and properly dispose …show more content…

Many unknown micro-contaminants are present in water. Some of the micro-contaminations might pose a risk to drinking water and human health. In many countries, surface water is one of the main sources of drinking water. The quality of the drinking water is influenced by many factors, such as agricultural and industrial waste, and is monitored regularly. Stated by the Journal of Chromatography, there are many techniques such as gas and liquid chromatography in order to detect the pollutants. However, there are many unknown compounds present in water, which could pose health risks if not removed. Identification of unknown compounds is based on comparison of the mass spectra of the peaks in the sample with mass libraries or interpretation of the fragmentation. The identification of water contaminations is interesting and similar to the Unknown White Compound lab by making comparisons to other compounds to help identify the

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Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to identify given Unknown White Compound by conducting various test and learning how to use lab techniques. Tests that are used during this experiment were a flame test, ion test, pH test, and conductivity test. The results drawn from these tests confirmed the identity of the Unknown White Compound to be sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2) because there were no presence of ions and sodium has a strong persistent orange color. The compound then will be synthesized with the compounds Na2CO3 and HC2H3O2 to find percent yield.

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840 Words | 4 Pages

These color changes indicate a chemical change, which show that a reaction had occurred. In the first step when o-vanillin and p-toludine, imine was formed. The color change from green to orange suggests that imine appears as orange colored. In the second step, the addition of sodium borohydride reduced the imine into another derivative, which was yellowish lime color. The solution turned clear when acids and anhydrides was added, which indicated the precipitate were dissolved.

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Double Replacement Lab Report Date Completed: October 8, 2015 Objective To analyze and determine if a chemical reaction occurred between two compounds using the concepts we learned in class. Also, if the chemical reaction occurred, to determine if it formed a precipitate or gas. Safety General Safety Precautions: Do not touch the chemicals Use of gloves and coats are recommended, use of goggles should be required Keep the work area clean Dispose of the chemicals properly, DO NOT dispose them in the sink Clean up your work station Wash your hand before and after the lab Make sure all chemicals are labeled correctly NEVER return chemicals to reagent bottles Use the wafting technique to smell the chemical Clean up spills immediately

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The procedure for this experiment is found in Stephen Thompson’s PSU Chemtrek on p. 10-15 through 10-22 under the “Chemistry of Natural Waters” lab. For the testing, four tap water samples were obtained from Virginia and State College, Pennsylvania—McDonald’s, the Atherton Hotel, and McKee Hall. Each member of the group proceeded through the testing methods in order to determine the hardness for a particular water sample. In accordance with the procedure, the AA technique was used first. Because the water sample from McKee Hall had no suspended particles, no filtration was required prior to testing; however, the sample was diluted with a 1:1 ratio.

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On the water quality reports, these values were overall different for each water company, so it was easy to narrow down the unknown sample’s identity by comparing numbers across all of these categories. The least helpful method was total dissolved solids because, when trying to distinguish between the two American companies, the ranges were very close and were not helpful in determining which company the water came from. Conclusion After completing an EDTA titration, atomic absorption spectrometry, and taking conductivity measurements, the calcium and magnesium concentrations, total dissolved solids, and total hardness of the unknown water samples were compared with known values from water quality reports in order to identify from which brand the sample came from. It was determined that sample A4 was from Poland Spring, B4 was from Deer Park, and D4 was from Evian.

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Using Daphnia to Detect Water Safety Due Date: Monday, the 31th of October, 2017 INTRODUCTION Question: Can Daphnia be used to detect water pollution? How does the water type (source) affect the number of Daphnia and the accuracy and efficiency of testing water safety?

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578 Words | 3 Pages

In this reaction NaOH was added to the Cu(NO3)2. The solution developed a precipitate which made the clear solution become cloudy and uniform in color (blue). The physical color change was demonstrated through the formation of the precipitate. The third step was the formation of CuO. In this reaction, the Cu(OH)2 product was heated on a hot plate and stirred continuously until the solution became colorless and a dark precipitate formed.

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CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE APPLICATION OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROMETRY IN PESTICIDE ANALYSIS FROM BODY FLUIDS. Introduction Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) is the most suitable technique for the diagnosis of disorders of organic acid metabolism, known as organic acidurias. In other words organic acidurias are also commonly known as insecticide, pesticides, herbicides and fungicides. The first applications analysis of GCMS began in the early 1990s. The process of application of GCMS is used in various laboratories, quantitative and qualitative procedures for complex mixture analysis of body fluids and determination of a variety of chemically diverse metabolites in urine.

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Too much chemicals in the water like lead, sulfur, chloride and fluoride can cause birth defects, cancer, Flu like symptoms. The chemicals in the water are supposed to provide a level of sanitation to the water. The issue with this though is that the chemicals added cannot be taken out of the water people drink. Every community has a water sample chart for what goes into their water. This was create by the federal government to provide the population with info about what is in the water.

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Each analyte molecule exhibits a unique fragmentation pattern which offers positive confirmation of the peak identity. Despite its widespread use in the area of breath analysis, disadvantages in GC-MS include the need for preconcentration and that it cannot be performed in real time. Other MS-techniques have also been successfully applied, such as selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) and proton-transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). PTR-MS is particularly suited to online and multiple measurements and is advantageous for complex gas mixtures such as breath samples as it does not require any preconcentration. However, the identification of compounds is somewhat limited by the fact that characterization is based only on the m/z ratio.

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INTRODUCTION Purified water is essential for living a healthy life as such everyone should have access to it. Drinking water conditions have great impacts on people especially in the rural and remote areas where access to safe drinking water is very important. Drinking untreated water may cause to fatal diseases. Statistics shows that these diseases resulted in ninety percent of all deaths of children under five years old in developing countries, due to low immunization of children to infection. Most of the people in the rural areas are not able enough to use water filters or buy mineral water bottles.

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The presence of bacteria and pathogenic organisms is a concern when considering the safety of drinking water. Pathogenic organisms can cause intestinal infections, dysentery, hepatitis, typhoid fever, cholera, and other illnesses. Sources of Bacteria in Drinking Water: The Need for Water Testing Human and animal wastes are a primary source of bacteria in water. These sources of bacterial contamination include runoff from feedlots, pastures, dog runs, and other land areas where animal wastes are deposited.

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The health and well being of the human race is closely tied up with the quality of water used (Sharma et al, 2005 and Venkateswaran, 2011). Water quality has direct impact on public health (Kumar,2003 and Arunabh Misra et al,2010). People on globe are under tremendous threat due to undesired changes in the water quality parameters such as physical, chemical and biological characteristics of air, water and soil. These undesirable changes due to pollution caused by the addition of organic and inorganic materials from non point sources such as sewage, food waste, farm effluent, through drainage ditches, including artificial fertilizer residues, insecticides, herbicides, pesticides and farmyard waste, in addition from point sources such as electroplating, pesticide, fertilizer and beverage industries. Addition to these, disposal of dead bodies, discharge of industrial and sewage wastes and agricultural runoff, which are major cause of ecological damage and pose serious health hazards (Meitei et al., 2004a).

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The results obtained were compared to the acceptable limits of exposure established and being monitored by WHO, EPA, DENR and DOH. Definition of Terms Atomic absorption spectrophotometer – a spectro-analytical procedure for the quantitative determination of chemical elements using the absorption of optical radiation (light) by free atoms in the gaseous state Absorption – the way in which the energy of a photon is taken up by matter, typically the electrons of an atom. Acid Digestion – digestion of soluble metals in an acidic medium Effluent – waste material discharge into the environment that causes

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803 Words | 4 Pages

Water Contamination With the development of the human society, environmental problem has become increasingly serious. Environmental conservation, as a solution, has also aroused people’s wide concern. As one of the major parts of the environment, as well as the most important resource for human, water is a worth discussing topic. The following paragraphs will mainly introduce you about the water contamination, which is a loss of water’s use value, caused by harmful chemical substance.

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