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Use Of Allusions In Dante's Inferno

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“I am one who has no tale to tell: I made myself a gibbet of my own lintel” (Page 124, lines 151-152). In the poem The Inferno, by Dante Alighieri, in Canto XIII Dante uses imagery and allusion to reveal what the seventh circle of Hell looks like and portray his views on “The Violent Against Themselves”. In the second round of the seventh circle, Dante is and cannot seem to understand the concept of the souls’ reason for their presence in Hell. First, Dante uses allusion to hint the his purpose of this section of the canto - to show how his feelings and thoughts relate to an important time in history. When the poet's first arrive in the beginning of the Second Circle, they are in The Wood of the Suicides and Dante is immediately confused.
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In Dante’s Inferno, the ideas of justice, good and evil, and suffering in hell are implied. The idea of suffering in hell and the idea of justice are closely related. Dante indicates that those suffering in hell have committed crimes that are being punished in a reasonable way and that we should not have pity for them. He uses the setting and his organization of hell to transmit these ideas and his philosophy regarding these ideas. The organization of hell helps us understand that Dante believed it was a person’s poor decisions and not cruel fate that got a person in hell.

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Dante Alighieri defines this poem as the ninth circle of hell, basically the utter bottom, and makes justification to hierarchy of sin. Dante referenced cantos as “songs”, and has thirty-three groups divided, which inferno is added last to the list. Defining human evil is a major theme of Canto. In classical mythology, Thebes was known for murder violence, relating to the story of Oedipus, his father Laius, and his sons, Polynices and Eteocles. In Canto XXXIV the last subdivision and lowest part of Caina was known as Judecca.

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“Abandon all hope ye who enters here” (Canto 3, line 5). An allusion is an implied and or indirect reference to a person, place, event, or thing or to another book, poem, or movie. Many allusions are based on the assumption that the reader will understand the author 's references. In Dante’s Inferno, there are references and allusions to famous lovers and people known for not being in control of their bodies who are in the Carnal. In Dante’s Inferno, there are several allusions referring to people who are famous for their lustful sins.

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Dante’s Inferno is an epic poem by Durante “Dante” degli Alighieri, written in the 1300s. He wrote a trilogy, known as the Divine Comedy, consisting of Inferno, Purgatory, and Paradise. Dante was inspired by many events and issues happening at that time, such as the war between Guelphs and Ghibellines, the Battle of Montaperti, and Christian religious beliefs. In this paper, I will explore the first book, Inferno, on the topic of Hell and how the sinners had a significant impact on Dante’s journey through Hell. In Circle 5: Styx, Canto VIII, Filippo Argenti, a sinner of Wrathful, helped Dante to symbolize to readers his anger towards Black Guelphs, political enemies of the White Guelphs.

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Fueled by the anger surrounding his banishment from Florence in 1302, Dante Alighieri spitefully wrote the epic poem, the Divine Comedy. The Inferno, the first part of the trilogy of the Divine Comedy, tells the story of Dante the pilgrim and Dante the poet. The two personas deliver Dante’s journey through hell, the Inferno, with added depth. Dante is also guided by Virgil, an ancient Roman poet from 50 B.C. The three personas share different perspectives on the grueling detail of their findings in hell.

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Doré and Botticelli’s respective illustrations to two key cantos, Inferno Canto 34 and Purgatorio Canto 1, were chosen in order to comparatively analyze each respective artists’ interpretation of the same canto and across cantos that contrasted in subject matter. Canto 34 of the Inferno is the monumental ending when Dante finally reaches the bottom of Hell and witnesses Satan, the ultimate figure of evil Dante has devised. After Dante and Virgil descend down the flank of Satan and orient themselves oppositely from Hell, they start to climb up “on that hidden path to return to the bright world” (Inferno 541). Inferno ends and the reader must transfer to Purgatorio, the next cantiche in the series. Canto 1 of Purgatorio is a moment of transition,

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(354-357) Born then says the final line within Canto 28, “Thus is observed in me the counterpoise.” (358) Not all of Dante’s Hell continues the trend of being a place made only for people who have committed grave sin. The reader finds in Canto 4 that many great poets and people that existed prior to the death of Jesus Christ inhabit the first circle. (88-90) Finally, Dante’s phrases his idea of hell in a very interesting way in Canto 3 by saying those in hell have “foregone the good of intellect” (18)

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In Dante’s Inferno, Canto I deals with the overall allegory of the book. Dante the poet writes about Dante the pilgrim waking up in a forest. This forest is far from the rest of civilization and, as far as he can tell, Dante is completely alone. Upon first analysis, the allegory seems to symbolize the physical separation of life from society. Dante dances between the beaches of waking up in hell, and the forest of isolation.

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Literary devices are what makes up any work. Every author has to incorporate their style into their work so that they can give the reader an idea on how to feel. It is manipulation actually, they use positive and negative reinforcement in their words to affect the readers judgement. In The Inferno by Dante Alighieri uses symbolism and diction to help the reader comprehend his work.

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Unfortunately, Dante’s journey transitions from the wood into the depths of Hell where he and readers discover the Christian view of sin, repentance, and the need for a savior. The author introduces his readers to Jesus Christ during Virgil and Dante’s conversation about the lost souls in Limbo. In the First Circle of Hell, known as Limbo, the lost souls that did not have an opportunity to meet Jesus Christ dwell in this place. Although they did not sin, they did not have a proper relationship with God through Jesus Christ. However, Virgil testifies about Jesus’ decision into Hell when he says, “ I saw a mighty lord descend to us…

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The story revolves around metaphors where everything has a double meaning behind what is said. Here what Dante is trying to tell us is that he wakes up in hell because he has strayed from the righteous path that the church and God has set for him. This medieval writing continues throughout the layers of hell sinners are damned to hell and live in a world devoid of any sanitation everything around them is full of suffering and death. Above the gate is a message that tells the beginning of the journey into hell and the suffering that will be caused, “I AM THE WAY INTO THE DOLEFUL CITY, I AM THE WAY INTO ETERNAL GRIEF… ABANDON EVERY HOPE, ALL YOU WHO ENTER” (399, 1). The church brings out these punishments seeing as the medieval era he lived in was during the time that the church dominated a person’s way of living.

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But, as the poem continues to progress, it becomes quite clear the there is a perfect balance within God’s justice as the degree of each sinner’s punishment perfectly reflects upon the gravity of the sin. Furthermore, the inscription on the gates of Hell explicitly states that Hell exists as a result of divine justice; “ll. “ Justice moved my great maker; God eternal / Wrought me: the power and the unsearchably / High wisdom, and the primal love supernal (III.4-6).” Prior to delving into the structure of Hell and how it displays God’s divine justice, one must first familiarize themselves with both the historical context of Dante’s life, along with the beliefs of the medieval church.

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In his travels, Dante is lead by the symbol of human reason, Virgil, who takes Dante to talk to sinners of each circle in Alighieri’s depiction of Hell. His bias is extremely evident towards three specific sinners in Hell.

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"The Inferno" is the first book in the epic poem called the “Divine Comedy” by the Italian politician Dante Alighieri and it is followed by "Purgatorio" and "Paradiso”. The book "Inferno", which is the Italian translation for Hell, tells the journey of its author through what he believes is Hell, which consists of nine circles of pain and suffering. In his journey, he is guided through the nine circles by the Roman poet Virgil. Each circle in the book represents a different type of sin with a different type of punishment, varying according to the degree of the offense they committed in their life. By the end of his journey through all of the circles, Dante realizes and emphasizes the perfection of God's Justice and the significance of each offense towards God’s unconditional love.

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Dante’s Inferno represents a microcosm of society; meaning, laymen, church, politicians, and scholars are all compiled into one place and punished for their sins. Hell, despite being depicted as brutal, ugly, and chaotic, is made realistic because the inhabitants come from every country and every walk of life. While Dante Alighieri did not invent the idea of Hell itself, he did create an important and in depth concept that still receives attention in biblical, classical, and medieval works. The Divine Comedy itself was written sometime between the years 1308 and 1321 and scholars still consider it the “supreme work of Italian literature.” The work itself is an epic poem divided into three separate sections: Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso; respectively Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven.

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