Western European Empires

During the time between 1500 and 1914 the creation of a new modern society surfaced, it emerged from the intersection between scientific, French, and industrial revolution. All of which took shape initially in western Europe. The societies in Europe sparked new ideologies throughout the world for the past several centuries, people start believing in social equality and the the poverty is within reach, ordinary citizen can participate in political life, women can be equal to men, and slavery can be abolished. The growing ability of these modern societies to exercise power and influence changes from one empire to another and also they intersect in certain areas.

Europeans were clearly the dominant players in the atlantic world, and their societies

They were regional rather than global in scope, they didn’t have devastating and transforming impact on their conquered people, they were not exposed to new diseases which could lead to a catastrophic population collapse . asian empires had created an empire ,similar to those of western Europe in terms of conquest,settlement,exploitation , and feeling of superiority the process of of building these empires (Asian empires) did not transform the imperial homeland as fundamentally as did the wealth of conquered states in western europe or in Russia. These expanding Asian empires reflected energies of their respective civilizations in the early modern era, and they gave rise to profoundly cross cultural encounters.

China as Europe had ambitions to expand it’s territories to build it’s new empire. China took an 80 year military conquest (1680-1760) that brought these huge regions under chinese control.unlike europen’s and Russian empires it was largely security concerns, rather than economic need that pushed china to take over other territories. Chinese expansion was viewed as defensive

They spoke of the unification of the peoples of central Eurasia within Chinese state.

Chinese did not try to assimilate local people into chinese culture and showed considerable respect for the mongolian, Tibetan, and muslim cultures of the regions.

Even more chinese conquest, together with the expansion of the Russian empire, utterly transformed central asia .that region became the cross road of Eurasia , hosting the silk road trading network, welcoming all the major world religions.

In parallel with the creation of a chinese empire, india’s mugul empire hosted a different kind of encounter, that empire was the product of the central Asian wariors and Turkic .the empror of mugul imposed a policy of toleration toward other ethnicity and religions , he incorporated a substantial number of hindus into military elite of the empire and supported the building of hindus temple as well as mosques.

Like the Mughal state, the ottoman empire was the creation of Turkic warrior groups. They expanded their territories to encompasses all muslim territories they expanded from across Anatolia , it’s mostly Christian population converted in large numbers to islam, to Balkan which is predominantly Christian population. The ottoman empire, like its Mughal counterpart was the site of a higly significant cross cultural encounter in the modern