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Why The First Amendment (And Journalism) Might Be In Trouble

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Freedom of expression is one of the laws the forefathers of America made to empower its citizens and also enables them to live in peace amongst themselves. In most countries around the world, freedom of expression does not exist, so there is always war in those countries. In the article “Why the First Amendment (and Journalism) Might Be in Trouble”, the authors, Ken Dautrich, chair of the Public Policy at the University of Connecticut and John Bare, who is the vice president for strategic planning and evaluation at the Arthur M. Blank Family foundation in Atlanta, conducted a research study on the importance of freedom of speech. They used their research findings to support freedom of expressions. They employed claim of policy, claim of fact and also appeal to pathos and logos in their argument of the importance of the freedom of speech. …show more content…

The authors use claim of fact to appeal to the public by stating that the early leaders of America were deeply committed to freedom and liberty. Many of the president in the United States have told American people and the world how important freedom of speech is. They gave an example of a speech made by President Bush during his second inaugural address as a president. The president talked about the importance of war in Iraqi and Afghani at that period by saying “Iraqi and Afghani military operations is a vehicle to spread freedom throughout the world. During that period America was in a war in Iraq, fighting to overthrow the then president of Iraq to free the people from

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United States president, George Bush, in his nation-wide speech, “9/11 Address”, establishes himself as an American citizen as well. Which encounters to make his speech powerful in many of the people’s eyes. As president, Bush is influencing Americans and terrorist by letting them know with warning and threat they will regret what they have done. Bush’s speech makes the audience feel rapport with the citizens as the following was quoted, “..we stand together to win the war against terrorism..”, “I ask for prayers for all who grieve, for the children whose worlds have been shattered.” While observing Bush’s speech he sees himself as one of the own citizens and not as the superior president.

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People have the tendency to take the First Amendment for granted, but some tend to use it to their favor. Stanley Fish presents his main argument about how people misuse this amendment for all their conflicts involving from racial issues to current political affairs in his article, Free-Speech Follies. His article involves those who misinterpret the First Amendment as their own works or constantly use it as an excuse to express their attitudes and desires about a certain subject matter. He expresses his personal opinions against those who consistently use the First Amendment as a weapon to defend themselves from harm of criticism.

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In the beginning of 2005, President George W. Bush was in his second term. There were many crisis occurring during this time, such as terrorist attacks, and the war on Afghanistan and Iraq. These events influenced the speech he gave on January 20th 2005. He spoke of the oncoming war on terror and how democracy and freedom could help solve this imminent war. He believed that the United States of America could stop the war on terror by spreading democracy and the success of the U.S. to countries in need; in order to achieve this goal, the U.S. citizens must support each other.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) and John F. Kennedy (JFK) were both innovative and transformative presidents in their respective times. Both Roosevelt’s “Four Freedoms” speech and Kennedy’s inaugural address were powerful and persuasive. However, Roosevelts speech supported freedom, had a historical context of World War II (WWII), and had a purpose of persuading the United States to join the Soviet Union in WWII, whereas Kenney’s speech also supported freedom, had a historical context of being involved in the Cold War, and its purpose was to gain more freedom while also trying to end the threat of war and nuclear destruction. In FDR’s

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We don’t have freedom of expression because of microagression which limits on what can be said. Rosenblatt makes another point when he states “Freedom is like a legal drug. How far will it go?” (Rosenblatt p.216). This is saying that freedom of expression may be permitted but is not expressed.

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Free speech is crucial in helping a democratic society

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Censorship of The First Amendment This paper will discuss how censorship denies citizens of the United States our full rights as delineated in the First Amendment. It will outline how and why the first amendment was created and included in the Constitution of the United States of America. This paper will also define censorship, discuss a select few legal cases surrounding freedom of speech and censorship as well as provide national and local examples of censorship.

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According to the article “Free Speech on Campus in Constant Crisis” by A.K. Brunini, mentions the American Association of University Professors, with the help of the Newseum institute, held a symposium of two groups of panelists being asked the questions, whether they believe freedom of speech and freedom of press

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‘Voices of Freedom: A Documentary History/Edition 4, by Erik Foner is a book that addresses a theme in the history of America as it pertains to freedom. The author argues that, the idea of freedom is dynamic as it is constantly changing. Based on the US history, the struggle for freedom has been in existence since time immemorial. Eric Foner argues that, freedom has undergone transformation since the Cold War and the American Revolution. There are different definitions of freedom, and different individuals/groups hold those definitions based on their opinions.

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Americans today hold this right in the highest regards and have there have been many court decisions to uphold freedom in speech in all situations. Whether it be in journalism, like the New York Times vs. United States case, or in other landmark cases, like Gitlow vs. New York,

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Free speech is an essential component in the core beliefs of our country. It is the first amendment in the Bill of Rights for the very reason that it was of utmost importance to our founding fathers. Free speech allows for differing ideas, welcomed contention, and the right of the people to call out or question their government and officials in needed circumstances. It is crucial in maintaining any sort of true democracy and should be protected wholeheartedly by us as citizens. Unfortunately however, through the use of censorship, our freedom of speech is being undermined and ultimately controlled by that of our government.

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Censorship has been one of the most controversial topics since the invention of the written language. Governments and leading figures have always sought to keep certain information hidden from the public in order to shape their opinions or keep them supportive. Throughout history there has been an abundance of evidence that shows that censorship limits people’s freedom and prevents them from forming their own opinions about the world. The Constitution, specifically the Bill of Rights, grants people almost total freedom in their ability to express their opinions and ideas, and censorship blatantly violates those rights. Throughout the world historical events are constantly occurring, and censorship prevents people from learning about these events and forming their own opinion about them.

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Freedom of Expression vs. Freedom from Harm One of the greatest controversies of our contemporary world is the one between the ideas of freedom of expression and freedom from harm. On the one side of the spectrum, the idealists of freedom of expression are proud of their irreconcilable attitude toward any attempt of putting any restriction on freedom of expression. The ideal of freedom of expression, therefore, aims for the absence of any restriction of any kind notwithstanding its context or content. This is the position of the Dutch press, for instance, in the controversy over the publication of the caricatures on prophet Mohammed. This is an extreme position through which one plays the role of the irreconcilable defender of freedom.

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The Firat Amandement passed in 1791, (http://www.firstamendmentcenter.org/about-the-first-amendment made it indisputablay clear that free speech was the basis for the government of the people, was now to come under greater scrunity by the governmetn themselves. Court for the first time ever upheld the criminalization of speech advocating only lawful activity, on the theory that it might in some indirect way lead someone else to engage in wrongdoing (http://www.acslaw.org/acsblog/free-speech-after-911-why-advocating-for-peace-is-now-a-crime) whwere repvipusly in Brandenburg vs Ohio, the court had previsouly protected and advocated crime so as to uphold the First Amendment. Hence the court here functions as an institution that delimites the knowledge of freedom of speech, and establishes a new network of realtions, such as the Patriot Act (2001) undeniably expanded the government’s surveillance powers and the scope of some criminal laws, hence shaping and giving new meaning to the discursive formation of Freedom of Speech(http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/07/us/sept-11-reckoning/civil.html?_r=0). This in effects influences social behavior as though there is an increase in detesting views against Islam, and opinioned vocalization in news channels and personal interactions, the nature in which Freedom of Speech operates in

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Freedom of expression is a norm that encourages the freedom of an individual or community to express opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, restriction, or sanction. The term "freedom of expression” (Wikipedia) is sometimes used synonymously, but includes any act of seeking, receiving and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used. Eleanor Roosevelt and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1949) Article 19 states that everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers and can either be oral, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media of one’s choice .This freedom of expression is recognized as a human right under article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and is recognized in international human rights law in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR).

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