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Stalin's Five Year Plan

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After Lenin’s death in 1924 and rivalry amongst the Communist Party to take his place , only two candidates stood out from the others . Trotsky and Stalin both wanted supreme power but Stalin’s ability and determination to undermine his opponents led him to become in 1929 the undisputed party leader . To continue , Stalin once in power was about to set new policies , especially economical and social in order to modernize the USSR . Knowing that Russia was as backward in certain area as it used to be one hundred years earlier . It was indeed going to be a huge challenge for Stalin , who was willing to do anything to accomplish his ideas . Furthermore , this essay will focus on factors such as collectivization , industrialisation , women , religion …show more content…

The first Five-Year Plan was approved by the Communist Party in 1928 and the plans were drawn up by the Gosplan which was the state planning organization set up by Lenin in 1921 . Furthermore , the Gosplan created overall targets for a vital industry such as coal , iron and electricity . The plans were very complex and consisted of each region being told their targets leading to the manager of the industry to also set targets for each foremen and finally the foremen also had to set up targets for each shift and for any individual workers .For Stalin , this was a ‘revolution from above’ and huge step towards the modernization of the USSR . However , the first-five year plan ( 1929- 1932 ) , results were to a limited extent successful , knowing that it indeed produced incredible achievements in a short period of time , increased production and industrial output .Conversely the targets were not met. In addition , a proletariat was created and peasants were moving to cities in order to work . Consequently , the foundation for the second five-year plan ( 1933-37 ) were built . Stalin’s main problem was that the USSR was rich in natural ressources but were concentrated in Siberia so cities had to be built from nothing . Basically , heavy industry remained the priority and Stalin developed other areas such as mining , zinc and minerals exploited in Siberia . Major changes occurred such as communications with the construction of new railways and canals but the most impressive one was the Moscow underground railway . Industrialization was also to going to help agriculture by developing tractor or other farm machinery however those changes were now focused on Russia’s rearmament with the outbreak of World War 2 . Moreover , Stalin’s method to achieve a rapid industrialization were ruthless such as with slave labours where many gulags

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Under the shadow of the great industrial powers of the west, the Soviet Union was forced to rush the process of industrialization in order to catch up with it’s advanced neighboring states. Japan was in a similar position during the 20th century, though Japan’s reaction to the pressure was much more successful than Soviet industrialization. Japan’s industrialization was more prosperous and smooth than Russia’s because of the differences in treatment of factory workers, and adaptations to the developed foreign trade market, which ultimately diminished the efficiency of Russian industrialization. Russia was well aware that the state was in need of great change, even more specifically, the russian finance minister, Sergey Witte, had been writing

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According to him, the Union has to keep their pace, or they would be defeated. (Document 1) This was a positive part of Stalin's rule. This made the people proud of their country and made them want to come together and grow stronger. Stalin provided the

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From 1928, when the plan started, to 1932 to its end, many factories, dams, power stations and even cities were being built. Despite there being harsh penalties implemented to workers for failure to meet their targets, there was still a significant increase in Russia’s industrial growth in a very short period of time. Just like the emancipation of the serfs in 1861, under Tsar Alexander II, in protest of Stalin’s policies, the peasants, in protest, refused to work harder than they needed too, causing them to destroy livestock and crops, which eventually lead to their unnecessary death. Stalin, just like the Tsarist autocratic regime, was not committed to collectivism but preferred capitalism in his ruling of the Soviet Union. This caused a lot of rebellion from the Kulaks who opposed collectivism.

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According to Doc. 4, the USSR produced 35.4 million tons of coal, 11.7 million tons of oil, 3.3 million tons of iron, and 4 million tons of steel in 1927. With Stalin in office, these numbers increased greatly in 1932. According to the Background Doc., “Stalin implemented collectivization which combined all of the agricultural farms into large state-owned farms and forced the peasants to work on them,

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This was similar to the United States of America, as the US was also trying to industrialize with a purpose of factories and people working in them. A big factor of the industrialization that both America and Russia shared was that both of these countries had a very unfair system for workers. The pay was not great, and people who were poor had it even worse. There is even an old saying that fits this very well, “The rich get richer”. This is true because the people who were already poor, who were working for the money so they could afford things like homes, food, water, and clothing, were staying poor, because their pay was so low that at the rate of them using their money for necessities, they were earning barely enough to afford them.

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