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Voices of women in literature
Voices of women in literature
Voices of women in literature
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Women in Athens and Sparta lived a varied life. They both had rights and things they couldn’t do. Women in Sparta had a lot more rights than the women in Athens. Spartan men were usually not around so women had control of Sparta.
During the Achaemenian dynasty (530-330 BCE), women could work alongside men, receive equal pay, and take up leadership positions. The rations non-royals and ordinary workers received were based on skill and the level of responsibility they assumed in the workplace. The professions were divided by gender and listed according to the amount of ration. Records indicate that some professions were undertaken by both sexes while others were restricted to either male or female workers. There were male and female supervisors at the mixed workshops as evident by the higher rations they have received with little difference in the amount of rations between the two sexes.
Women’s roles has changed dramatically throughout history. By looking at the lives of women, it would be possible to tell how the civilians at that specific period of time were living. In this paper, women’s lives in mainly three civilizations would be discussed, the Sparta, the Athens, and the Hellenistic era. In Sparta, women were needed to live at home, while their husbands remained in military barracks until the age thirty.
While ancient civilizations had commonly put their women in the lower level of the society, the Etruscans treated their women differently. Etruscan women are known to be taken seriously and enjoyed a great deal of freedom and equality with that of men. For instance, while most Roman societies considered symposiums, such as those that included festive drinking, sex and the involvement in the sharing of thoughts to be an all-man’s affair, it was not so among the Etruscans. Women in the Etruscan society are allowed to attend banquets, and share a toast with men, signifying how they are equally treated in the society. While historians have difficulty interpreting the literary works of the Etruscans, they shifted their focus on other archaeological
In the underworld, Odysseus sees the certain ghosts of women who have either played a heroic role, or are linked to him and the story of his life in one way or the other. He sees women that satisfy three specific categories; mothers, victims and deceitful women who are meant to reinforce his mother’s encouraging words and strengthen him as he continues on his journey, and hopes to one day, get home to Ithaca and reunite with his family. The mothers that Odysseus met included Tyro, Alcmene, Antiope, Leda, Procris, Maera, Iphimedia and Clymene. Tyro is significant as she is the mother of Polyphemus, son of Poseidon, whom Odysseus blinded, thus incurring wrath from the sea god.
Women throughout history have shared in a common societal inferiority in comparison to their male counterparts, and the women living in Ancient Greece were no exception to this longstanding trend. According to Haland, “A woman’s ritual obligations were threefold: pre-marital, as a new bride, and as the expectant or new mother.” Though given their seemingly secondary place within society, the lives of Ancient Grecian women had their own complex workings creating an almost concealed system of pride and social structure within their communities. This process began early in their lives with a rite of passage, which included a celebration of the approaching prospect of marriage and womanhood. Aside from the expected processes and formalities, Grecian
Virgil portrays themes in ‘The Aeneid’ which represent the lifestyle and values of people living in Ancient Rome. One of these themes displayed in Virgil’s ‘Aeneid’ is the role of women where women in ancient Roman society were seen as weaker than men. This idea that women were of the weaker gender is still a prevalent idea that exists and applies to the Cambodian society of today. Women were seen as emotional beings in Ancient Roman times; through the use of “Women are unstable creatures, always changing” Mercury epitomises the normalisation of gender expectations enforced on women, and also further reinforcing the stereotype that women were weaker because they were too ‘emotional’ which just like today in Cambodia is only associated with
Friedan’s Chapter One and Two Karly Marin Sacramento State University Communication Studies Major Gender Ideology Introduction Women play a pivotal role in the growth and development of social, economic and political spheres. There are countable women in the history of the world who have made remarkable contributions to the various spheres. Their accounts are recorded in books, magazines and journals amongst others. The Feminine Mystique is one of the books that received a wide audience in the 1950s.
In ancient times, there is a general sense that women were simply items and slaves to their husbands. Ancient Greece specifically has a renowned reputation of favoring men. Men possessed the dominant role in public affairs and events while most women were pressured to stay at home. Very few records extensively discuss women; the records focus mostly on men. Despite the lacking records, it is certain how ancient Greeks viewed their women and their relationships with their male counterparts.
The treatment of women has been a topic all throughout history. Women would be treated as lesser beings compared to men. Back in 430 b.c when Oedipus Rex took place, women were not treated equally by men in power. An example of this is when King Laius died, Jocasta did not become the ruler. She had to wait for someone to marry her to have a new ruler.
Euripides’ The Trojan Women expresses the disbelief and hope of ancient Greek women during the Trojan war. The characterization and dialogue between Hecuba, Andromache, and Cassandra, shows the role of women in society during that time, as well as their different prerogatives towards the war and its consequences. Likewise, The Odyssey by Homer uses the main female character, Penelope, to convey the role of women and their opinions towards the social changes from the war. Both texts, collectively, use dialogue to develop hopeful and hopeless ideas within the women of ancient Greece. Euripides’ The Trojan Women tells the story of three women, Hecuba, Andromache, and Cassandra, who struggle with their lives after the murders of their husbands
Everything can be viewed from two perspectives; A fist fight, a murder, bullying, just to name a few situations. This is still the case with Iran and it’s people. Iran and its neighboring countries are often portrayed negatively as terrorist, or failed nations. This is not always the truth, however, and one can learn that through Marjane’s coming of age story, Persepolis. The personal nature of the story is told through Marjane’s loss of innocence, her opinions on religion, and her observation of the prominent gender roles.
The graphic novel Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi is an animated ‘identity crisis’ showing how she has trouble reconciling the Eastern and Western values that she has been influenced by. By ‘identity crisis’ I mean Marjane is uncertain about who she is and where she belongs to. The Eastern values would include hierarchy, restraint, collectivism and deference, whereas the Western values would include equality, freedom of expression, individualism and self-assertion. A graphic novel can be defined as a book containing a long story told mostly in pictures but with some writing. I intend to investigate why Satrapi has chosen to use the graphic novel instead of using other styles to present Marjane attempts to reconcile the different values and find
SHUBH MITTAL IBDP XII B D-BLOCK Paper 2 Essay Context: Historical, Political, Economic, Cultural, or Social can have an influence on the way literary works are written or received. Discuss with reference to two literary works that you have studied. Writer’s use of context acts as a driving force enabling and shaping literature.
Over generations, the role of women in society has shifted and changed immensely, improving upon many aspects of rights and values that women have. The changes occurred gave women opportunities to provide ideas, to have the same rights as men, giving women freedom, leading to many contributions of many significant and valuable events. But from current roles of women being equal to those of men, how women stood in ancient society significantly differs and contrast with ours today. Throughout history, the role and significance of women were always outweighed by the dominance and influence of men. The role of women in ancient times varied throughout, depending on the place and area in the world, in which women had different roles and impacts on their own society.