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Staphylococcus Aureus Essay

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INTRODUCTION Wound infections are one of the bad complications in patients undergoing surgeries. Consequently, infections of different organs or tissues that visible to surgeons may lead to significant increment of postoperative morbidity and mortality beside prolongation of hospital stay.1 It has been well documented that eradication of wound infection resulted in significant increment of patient comfort and decreased medical costs.2 Onche and Adedeji3 stated that Staphylococcus aureus is the predominate cause of surgical wound and nosocomial infections. Currently, the antibiotic drug resistance is a fast growing concern in wound infection management beside the risk of impairment of wound healing, bacteraemia, or even sepsis.4 National Nosocomial …show more content…

(Tanta City, Cairo, Egypt). Animals were housed in a room free from any source of chemical contamination, artificially illuminated and thermally controlled at the Animal House Lab., Pharmacology and Chemistry Research Centre, Misr University for Science and Technology (6th October, Giza, Egypt). After an acclimatization period of 1 week, the animals were divided into four groups (10 rats/group) and housed in filter-top polycarbonate cages (five rats per cage). All animals have received human care in compliance with the guidelines of the Animal Care and Use Committee of the Pharmacology and Chemistry Research Centre (6th October City, Giza, Egypt). Infection Model Circular Excision Wound Model For the evaluation of the antibacterial activity, each rat was undergo anaesthesia by intraperitoneal injection of a combination of 10% ketamine hydrochloride (50 mg/kg) and 2% xylazine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg). The hair of the dorsal back of animals was shaved. For sterilization conditions, the sites of surgery were sanitized by povidone iodine followed by 70% ethanol solution. Circular incision was made on the dorsal inter-scapular region of

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Mr BW was transferred to gastrosurgical ward for continuous assessment related to his surgical wound. A week after the surgical intervention Mr BW commenced negative pressure wound therapy, where the perineal wound was managed by an application of vacuum dressing. The purpose of NPWT was to enhance wound healing and at the same time to remove purulent fluids from the wound. A continuous negative pressure was set to -125mmHg. At the same time, the negative pressure wound dressing was changed three times a week for the assessment of the wound.

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771 Words | 4 Pages

Staphylococcus epidermidis is an opportunistic pathogen, meaning that they can cause infection more frequently and more easily in persons’ with a weakened immune system such as, HIV patients (CDC, 2015). This organism is seen primarily in nosocomial infections, also known as, hospital-acquired infections (Bukhari, 2004). This means that the organisms favors the hospital environment and is easily passed to a person while they are in the hospital. Ways that a person can get a Staphylococcus epidermidis infection is through IV’s, more commonly in drug users, catheters, and artificial equipment (Bukhari, 2004). Skin-to-skin contact can also be a form of getting this type of infection.

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Materials and Methods To start with, the unknown bacteria # 710 broth had to be successfully isolated on an EMB and MAC agar plate. Using aseptic technique by sterilizing the wire loop with Bunsen Burner between inoculations and flaming the opening of the test tubes before inserting in the loop with the bacteria. The streaking technique used was to isolate the colonies on the agar plates. In addition, the streak plates had to be incubated in a upturned position for 24 hours in a hot temperature incubator at 37 degree Celsius. Bacteria need a favorable condition to grow in.

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These patients are at a greater risk of infection from encapsulated bacteria – i.e. Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza serotype b (Hib) and Neisseria meningitidis. They are, thus, predisposed to infectious conditions elicited by these bacteria – e.g.: bacterial meningitis, bacterial pneumonia, and clinically significant respiratory and GIT infections.36-37 However, other types of infections may be due to Gram negative bacteria such as, Capnocytophaga canimorsus and the malaria parasite P. falciparum.36The incidence of post-splenectomy infections is 0.5% with 50% mortality; with children enduring severe infections. Literature reveals that the incidence of infections is higher in the 2 years following the surgery, especially from pneumococcal infections. The management of splenectomized patients is critical in reducing the risk of post-infections.

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3687 Words | 15 Pages

Introduction It has long been said, even in biblical references (Luke 16:19-31) that dogs have somewhat of ‘special powers’ with regards to their healing abilities. (Patching, 2008) In some areas of the world dog saliva would be used as an antibacterial because it contains some similar properties to that of disinfectants, which would theoretically be able to kill harmful bacteria in wounds and aid in the process of the healing. If a dog has an open wound, the dog is likely to lick the wound in order to ensure that their saliva has direct contact with the open sore to prevent growth of bacteria that could lead to infection.

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Department of Health and Human Services established an objective for Healthy People 2020 to prevent HCAIs, this reflects that the U.S. health care system is committed to and serious about solving this issue. These objectives address two extremely important topics, central line-associated bloodstream infections, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. Also, there are other major causes of HCAIs that Health and Human Services is working on their prevention such as urinary tract infections (UTIs) associated with catheters, infections of surgical wounds and sites, C. difficile infections, and ventilator-associated Pneumonia. Researches done on HCAIs shown that we can prevent many of these infections by implementing effective strategies to eradicate it, adapting some advanced prevention tools, and following new prevention approaches. There should be a more focus on HCAIs prevention in acute care settings.

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Listeriosis is an airborne disease which can be treated if it is diagnosed early. This infection is deadly for the elderly, the immune compromised and for pregnant women as it can cause the loss of their child or it can cause their child to suffer different disabilities. The listeria bacterium can be killed by cooking or pasteurization but not by refrigerating it. The incubation period of listeriosis is 3 to 70 days and the illness can last from days to weeks. Causes: It can be caused by the consumption of vegetables which have been contaminated by soil or from manure which has been used as a fertilizer.

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Wound dressings were originally designed to prevent infection of open wounds. With further understanding and technological improvements, wound dressing now promote a higher rate of healing [1]. An effective wound bandage is characterised by the healing time as well as the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of the bandage [2]. One widely used wound dressing is derived from alginate.

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Strep Throat is an infectious bacterial disease that is contagious and is caused by the inflammation and swelling in the lining of the mucus membranes in the back of the throat and the tonsils. The throat gets a burning sensation and a severe irritation, causing a sudden, severe sore throat. Strep throat generally affects the throat and tonsils and makes swallowing hard. Sometimes a sore throat is mistaken for strep throat.

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Two in 100 people carry mrsa which isn 't major panic but still be= still i something. Mrsa virus is a bacteria that causes infection in different parts of the body . The full name of Mrsa is “ methicillinn rosistant stravolcus aurus”. Was first discovered in 1880’s and i first came to AMerica in 1968.

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Meningitis on College Campuses Anyone can easily get meningitis from anywhere, and it is a serious illness that can affect both young people and adults. According to The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord” (1). College campuses and dormitories are perfect environments for meningitis to spread. A lot of students are affected and diagnosed with meningitis each year.

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INTRODUCTION Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) is one of the most important agents in the prevention of hospital acquired infections or what we termed nosocomial infections. IPC channels every member of the hospital, which includes, healthcare providers (HCP), patients and the hospitals perse. It is important to practice IPC commandment to every hospital as well as community. The Palestinian Ministry of Health (MOH) adopted the national IPC protocol.

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1474 Words | 6 Pages

Introduction Surgical site infections (SSIs) are in association with surgeries incisions which may lead to unserious superficial infections and/or serious deep infections within soft tissues or organs in human bodies during 30 days after the surgery. The general reported signs and symptoms pertaining to SSI include fever, pain, redness and pus drainage from the incision (1, 2). According to different studies, the morbidity and mortality of SSI after cardiac surgery is high. However, the reduction of triggering peripheral predisposing factors may lead to decrease the number of infections.

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There are many patient safety concerns in today’s healthcare system. One that is not on the forefront, but is still a prevalent and concerning issue, is lack of infection control in outpatient or ambulatory settings. Since there has been a large transition of care from the hospital setting to an ambulatory setting, there is a necessity to improve infection control secondary to patient notifications and outbreaks within the past years1. Ambulatory settings include all outpatient clinics. An example is an ambulatory surgical center ASC), which increased in numbers by 50% from 2001 to 20082.

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The main reasons for developing a HCAI are poor hand hygiene by healthcare staff, medical device related infections such as intravenous lines and urinary catheters and the overuse or improper use antimicrobials. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone measure to prevent healthcare associated infection (HCAI) and it has been shown that MRSA is primarily transmitted from patient to patient via the hands of healthcare professionals (Donskey, 2009). Although hand hygiene is the simplest, most effective and most cost effective way to prevent the spread of HCAIs (Pratt et al. 2007) (Kilpatrick et al. 2013), adherence to hand hygiene among health care professionals remains low worldwide (WHO, 2009).

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