Master Advanced Materials Chemistry: Exam Prep Guide
School
Humber College**We aren't endorsed by this school
Course
CHEM 100
Subject
Chemistry
Date
Dec 10, 2024
Pages
6
Uploaded by CountBraveryManatee55
Exam Name: Advanced Materials Chemistry and Environmental AnalysisTotal Time: 3 hoursTotal Score: 100 pointsInstructions:1. Please answer all questions. Calculations must be shown where necessary.2. Graphs and charts must be clearly labeled.3. Use the space provided to show all work.4. Multiple-choice questions have only one correct answer.5. Good luck!---Question 1 (Multiple Choice, 5 points)Which of the following materials is an example of a semiconductor with a direct bandgap?A) SiliconB) GermaniumC) Gallium arsenideD) Selenium---Question 2 (Short Answer, 10 points)Explain the concept of porosity and its importance in the design of catalysts. Provide an example of a material used as a catalyst and describe its pore structure.---Question 3 (Calculation, 15 points)A solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) has a concentration of 0.10 M. What is the osmotic pressure of this solution at 25°C?---Question 4 (Short Answer, 10 points)Identify and explain the principles of the two most common chromatographic techniques used in analytical chemistry. Include a discussion on their selectivity and applications.---Question 5 (Graph Analysis, 10 points)The following graph shows the reaction progress for a hypothetical catalytic reaction.
Analyze the graph to determine the rate-determining step (RDS) and explain the reasoning behind your conclusion.[Insert graph]---Question 6 (Multiple Choice, 5 points)Which of the following is not a key process in biochemistry?A) PhotosynthesisB) DNA replicationC) CatalysisD) Electron transport chain---Question 7 (Calculation, 15 points)A scientist is investigating the thermodynamics of a reaction and determines that Hrxn = -Δ200 kJ and Srxn = 0.5 J/K at 300 K. Calculate Grxn using the equation Grxn = Hrxn - ΔΔΔΔTSrxn. Does this reaction occur spontaneously at this temperature?Δ---Question 8 (Short Answer, 10 points)What are the primary differences between inorganic and organic chemistry in terms of the types of reactions and bonding involved? Provide examples for each category.---Question 9 (Graph Analysis, 15 points)Below is a phase diagram for a substance. Analyze the diagram to determine the conditions under which the substance exists in a liquid state.[Insert phase diagram]---Question 10 (Multiple Choice, 5 points)Which of the following is a common computational method used in cheminformatics?A) Density Functional Theory (DFT)B) SpectroscopyC) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)D) Gas Chromatography (GC)
---Question 11 (Short Answer, 10 points)Discuss the importance of quantum mechanics in understanding chemical bonding and molecular structure. Provide a specific example of a molecule that has its bonding describedusing quantum mechanics.---Question 12 (Calculation, 15 points)A first-order reaction has a rate constant of 0.020 s^(-1). Calculate the half-life of the reaction.---Question 13 (Graph Analysis, 10 points)The following graph represents the kinetics of a reaction. Identify the order of the reaction and explain your reasoning.[Insert graph]---Question 14 (Short Answer, 10 points)Describe the role of ligands in the formation of coordination compounds. Provide an example of a ligand and its impact on the coordination number of the central metal ion.---Question 15 (Calculation, 15 points)Calculate the pH of a solution that contains 1.0 × 10^(-4) M of hydronium ion.---Question 16 (Short Answer, 10 points)Explain the significance of intermolecular forces in the properties of organic molecules. Discuss the influence of hydrogen bonding on boiling points and solubility.---Question 17 (Multiple Choice, 5 points)Which of the following is a secondary pollutant?
A) Carbon monoxideB) LeadC) Photochemical smogD) Sulfur dioxide---Question 18 (Calculation, 15 points)A scientist is studying a reaction with an initial concentration of 0.50 M reactant A, which after 10 minutes has a concentration of 0.30 M. Determine the rate of the reaction assuming it is first order.---Question 19 (Short Answer, 10 points)Discuss the principles behind the use of catalysts in chemical reactions. How do catalysts affect the rate of a reaction and the activation energy?---Question 20 (Graph Analysis, 15 points)The following graph represents the change in enthalpy during a chemical reaction. Explain what is happening during the reaction and indicate the activation energy.[Insert graph]---Question 21 (Multiple Choice, 5 points)Which of the following statements about redox reactions is true?A) They always release energy.B) They always involve oxygen.C) They involve the transfer of electrons.D) They require high temperatures.---Question 22 (Calculation, 15 points)A second-order reaction has a rate constant of 2.0 × 10^(-2) M^(-1)s^(-1). Calculate the time required for the concentration of the reactant to decrease by 75%.---
Question 23 (Short Answer, 10 points)Discuss the principles of atomic structure and how they relate to the periodic properties of elements. Provide examples of how these properties influence chemical reactions.---Question 24 (Graph Analysis, 10 points)The following graph represents the solubility of a gas in water at various temperatures. Analyze the graph to discuss the impact of temperature on gas solubility.[Insert graph]---Question 25 (Multiple Choice, 5 points)Which of the following is a fundamental concept of quantum chemistry?A) Electron shellsB) HybridizationC) Molecular orbitalsD) All of the above---Question 26 (Calculation, 15 points)A scientist is conducting a calorimetry experiment using a solution with a heat capacity of 4.184 J/g°C. If the solution is initially at 25°C and the temperature increases to 29°C after adding 5.0 g of solid, calculate the amount of heat released or absorbed by the solution.---Question 27 (Short Answer, 10 points)Explain the differences between exergonic and endergonic reactions in terms of energy flowand spontaneity. Provide examples for both types.---Question 28 (Graph Analysis, 15 points)The following graph represents the temperature changes during a reaction over time. Analyze the graph to identify the reaction order and explain the reasoning behind your conclusion.[Insert graph]
---Question 29 (Multiple Choice, 5 points)Which of the following is not a type of spectroscopy commonly used in physical chemistry?A) UV-VisB) InfraredC) Mass spectrometryD) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)---Question 30 (Calculation, 15 points)A reaction has a rate constant of 3.5 × 10^(-3) s^(-1) and an initial concentration of 0.20 M. Calculate the concentration of the reactant after 30 seconds, assuming the reaction is first order.---Please note that the graphs and charts for questions requiring them are not provided due to the text-based nature of this interface. You would need to include those in your exam materials.