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Understanding Social Change: Collective Behavior & Movements

School
University of Manitoba**We aren't endorsed by this school
Course
SOC 1000
Subject
Sociology
Date
Dec 10, 2024
Pages
27
Uploaded by DukeProtonArmadillo27
umanitoba.caSocial Change: Collective Behaviour and Social MovementsChapter 13SOC 1000Kaitlyn Kuryk
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umanitoba.caOverview •Social change and social progress•Defining collective behaviour•Social movements
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umanitoba.caSocial Change and Social ProgressYearEvent1917-1918Nationally, certain women gained the right to vote as early as 1917 with the inclusion of most British subjects by 1918.1947/1948Canada supports the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.1960Non-enfranchised Indigenous Peoples (i.e, with Indian Status) are given the right to vote. 1964The Canadian Civil Liberties Association is formed. 1982The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is enacted.1989Canada adopts the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child.2005Same-sex marriage is legalized via the Civil Marriage Act.2017Bill C-16 protecting gender identity and expression passed.Figure 13.1 Historical Events with Origins in Collective Behaviour
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umanitoba.caCollective Behaviour•Collective behaviour = group behaviour that is relatively spontaneous, unstructured, and unconventional•May occur in localized crowds or in more dispersed forms
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umanitoba.cahttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1q5V6DKH3bw
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umanitoba.caCrowdsCasual crowdsConventional CrowdsExpressive CrowdsProtest Crowds
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umanitoba.caExplaining Crowd BehaviourContagion TheoryConvergence TheoryEmergent Norm Theory
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umanitoba.caContagion Theory•Crowd behaviour is irrational• LeBon anonymity + contagion + suggestibility• Blumer milling + collective excitement + social contagion•e.g., riots following the win (or loss) of a championship sports event
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umanitoba.cahttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RfylJb_iOMU
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umanitoba.caConvergence Theory•Crowd behaviour is rational•Prior predispositions bring people together•e.g., white nationalists converge to participate in a riot “Unite the Right”
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umanitoba.cahttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5F2kPRW6ZuA
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umanitoba.caEmergent Norm Theory•New norms emerge in unique situations•Crowd members create justifications for the new norms•e.g., during the COVID-19 pandemic, seeing other people at the grocery store buying lots of toilet paper caused other shoppers to also buy toilet paper
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umanitoba.cahttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3RVHDlPqZWE
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umanitoba.caDispersed Forms of Collective BehaviourFads and fashionsRumours, gossip, and urban legendsPanicsDisasters
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umanitoba.caFads•Temporary, highly popular social patterns•Activities, hobbies, collectibles•e.g., hula hoops, Beanie Babies, fidget spinners, Pokemon Go, VSCO girlsFashions •Longer lasting, popular social patterns usually involving clothing lines and accessories•E.g., hairstyles of the 1960s vs. 1990s, current brands and labels•Changing fashions, 1830-1950•http://www.marquise.de/en/themes/timeline/index.shtml
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umanitoba.caRumors•Unsubstantiated stories about people or events•Social media rumours become more believable the more often they are retweeted or shared•Distortion over time• Levelling • Sharpening • Assimilation
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umanitoba.caGossip•Unsubstantiated or substantiated stories about specific individuals•Unconventional, spontaneous, may or may not be verifiable•Celebrity gossip sites•e.g., Did Jay-Z cheat on Beyoncé? Did she call him out on it in her Lemonadelyrics?
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umanitoba.caUrban Legends•Abstract stories containing an underlying message that persists over time•e.g., hitchhikers, flashing headlights after dark, nicotine in Tim Horton’s coffee•http://urbanlegendsonline.com/•Underlying messages or morals•E.g., do not trust strangers
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umanitoba.caPanicsWidespread Panics•e.g., War of the Worldsradio broadcast•e.g., arising from fake news during the COVID-19 pandemicMoral Panics•Folk devils•Moral entrepreneurs•Mass media•Disproportionality
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umanitoba.caDisasters• Nature, human inventions, or technological advancement• People’s behaviour is based on their relationship with their environments and the wider community
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umanitoba.caSocial Movements •Efforts to change or resist change in major aspects of society•Organized, planned, enduring•Engage in claims making
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umanitoba.cahttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYf75dKON6k
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umanitoba.caDimensions of Social ChangeType of changeDegree of changeRecipients of ChangeMeans utilized
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umanitoba.ca
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umanitoba.caExplaining Social Movements:Value-Added TheoryStructural conducivenessStructural strainPrecipitating factorsSpread of a generalized beliefMobilization of participation for actionOperation of social control
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umanitoba.caResource Mobilization Theory•Social movements develop as a function of how resources are used by leaders•Frequently combed with political process theory•Political entities aim to create social change
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umanitoba.caSummaryCollective behaviour occurs in localized crowds and in dispersed formsCrowd behaviour is explained by contagion theory, convergence, theory, and emergent norm theorySocial movements consist of four dimensions and take a variety of formsSocial movements are explained by value-added theory and resource mobilization theory
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