Understanding Purposive Communication: Key Elements & Global

School

Our Lady of Fatima University-San Fernando**We aren't endorsed by this school

Course

BSN 111

Subject

Communications

Date

Dec 10, 2024

Pages

Uploaded by CountHornet4686

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATIONCommunication | Elements of Communication | Communication Cues | Communication and Globalization | Local and Global Communication in Multicultural SettingsBSN | 1ST YEAR | 1ST SEMESTER | 2024 - 2025Communicationis the process of exchanging information,ideas, thoughts, or feelings between individuals or groupsthrough various channels such as verbal or non-verbal means, with the goal of creating shared understanding (Mehrabian, 1972).Comes from the Latin word communicare, which means “to make common”or “to share.”It is the process of exchanging messagesor information from one person to anotherwithin or across channels, contexts, media, and cultures.Elements of CommunicationSender also known as the encoder, decides on the message tobe sent and the best/most effectiveway that it can be sent.Responsible for the messageInitiate the message Receiveris the person or entity for whom themessage is intended.They receive and interpret the message sent by the sender.Channelrefers to the medium through which the message is transmitted.It can be face-to-face conversation, telephone, email, written document, social media, or any other form of communication platformAnswers the question “How?” (How can you send the message?)Messageis the information, idea, or content being conveyed bythe sender.It can be expressed throughverbal or non-verbal means.Main purpose of communicationFeedbackis the response or reaction provided by the receiver to the sender’s message.It allows the sender to gauge the effectiveness of their communication and make necessary adjustments.is important as it determines whether or not the decoder grasped the intended meaning and whether the communication was successful.ContextThis is the setting and situation in which communication takes place.Noise (Interference)is any factor that inhibits the transmission of a message.It is anything that

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATIONCommunication | Elements of Communication | Communication Cues | Communication and Globalization | Local and Global Communication in Multicultural SettingsBSN | 1ST YEAR | 1ST SEMESTER | 2024 - 2025gets in the way of the message beingaccurately received, interpreted, and responded to.Principles and Characteristics ofCommunicationCommunication is aschemata–driven Communication begins within yourself; you beginwith what you have already stocked in your brain or with what you have already known or understood about the subject matter of the communicative act.Transmitted messages becomeunderstandable or meaningful because of your innate or old knowledge about the messages.Communication is active, powerful, or forcefulCommunication is powerful and forceful for it elicitsdifferent meaningsor reactions; thesemessages are prone to changes.Subjected to the changeable and continued existence of the world, communication is dynamic as life that goes on and on like a river. Nothing remains permanent or fixedin the world of communication.Communication is dynamicWords may change from time to timeWords can make or break a personCommunication is symbolicSymbols, signs, or marks like letters, words, sentences, graphs, pictures and other concreteobjects represent or stand for ideas that you intend to convey verbally. For non –verbal communication, you resort to bodilyactions (gestures, eye movements, posture, facial expressions) voicequality, space, andtime elements to stand for the ideasyou want to express.Communication always results insomethingrefers to two or more persons participating in anycommunicative act.The first, expresses or sends a message; the second responds or reactsto the message.Communication is irreversibleYou are free to talkabout anything under the sun. But,once you utter something, the things you have said remains as it

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATIONCommunication | Elements of Communication | Communication Cues | Communication and Globalization | Local and Global Communication in Multicultural SettingsBSN | 1ST YEAR | 1ST SEMESTER | 2024 - 2025is susceptible to different interpretations or meanings.Be careful with what you are sayingCommunication is contextualAn exchange of views, ideas, or feelings doesn’t only involve the sender and the receiver, but also other aspects of the communicationsetting like time, place, topic, occasion, purpose,and manner of communication.We have a purpose when talking to othersWe are communicating because of an occasionCommunication is developmental or progressiveTo communicate ideas is to go through the different stages of language learning that begins from birth to elementary, high school, and college levels. It is not a one-timelearning towards communicative competence.Communication is processSeveral stages of communication take place when people exchange or share ideas withone another.Each stage involves elements with different functions.Communication is ethicalAny communication event is expected to apply rules, moral values, and beliefs agreed upon by societal members.Guided by these standards determined by the cultural group you belong to, your communication becomes ethical, good, or desirable.Respect differenceand diversityCommunication CuesVerbal LanguageConsists of symbols like letters, words, and other marks that you need to subject to language or grammar rules for a coherent or organized means of understanding or expressing ideas.Non-verbal LanguageAs with other aspects of communication, norms for non-verbal communication vary from country to country and also among cultures within a particular country.Some non-verbal communication behaviors appear to be somewhat innate because they are universally recognized.Body MovementsBig and small movements of your body like gestures, facial expressions, posture, and eye behavior express meanings.Kinesics,derived from the Greek term, kinesis,

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATIONCommunication | Elements of Communication | Communication Cues | Communication and Globalization | Local and Global Communication in Multicultural SettingsBSN | 1ST YEAR | 1ST SEMESTER | 2024 - 2025meaning “motion”which refers to the study of body movements.It is important because action speaks louder than wordsParalanguageThese are extra sounds that go with your spoken words and a study of these special sounds accompanying your words is called Paralinguistic.Speaking voice produced by your voiceVocalization or voice’s special usage like crying, giggling, moaning, growling, yawning, sighing, and groaning.Vocal pauses or boosters like ahh!...ugh…umm…oh…shh…ops…and many others.Important to know one’s emotionTime (Chronemics)Is the term that refers to youract of studying the impact or effect of time on your behavior.Your willingness, hesitance, or hatred to wait for a long time speaks of your trait of patience or impatience. This reflects your manner of valuing your relationship withthe object of your waiting.Your trait of optimism is also proven by your fondness for talking about your goals, dreams, or plans for the future.To test our patience on how we are willing to wait for a responseProxemicsA space or distance symbolized or represents your thoughts or feelings about your world. Likewise, your body contacts, physical closeness with people, acts of touching or patting them, or maintaining a wide or narrow gap between you and the other party, expresses meanings on the extent of intimacy or personal relationship you can establish with others.Physical Appearance and Object LanguageMeanings in this kind of non-verbal language are symbolized or represented by dressing styles, body types, body appearance like size or shape, architectural designs or structures, art objects, graphic materials, lightning effects, aromatic or smelly objects, and other environmental factors that influence or affect any communicative event.Giving them the right impression through what we are wearingCommunication and GlobalizationGlobalizationGlobalizationaffects us so many Filipinos have decided to work or leave in other countries and some of them migrated to other countries in Asia, Europe, or the US.The free trade of services and goods all over the world has brought multinational companies and foreign investors to our country.Migrating to other countries because of salary or povertyGlobalization PhenomenonGlobalhas something to do with the world or worldwideGlobalizationcan be defined in various ways. It can mean the speed-up of

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATIONCommunication | Elements of Communication | Communication Cues | Communication and Globalization | Local and Global Communication in Multicultural SettingsBSN | 1ST YEAR | 1ST SEMESTER | 2024 - 2025movements and exchanges of goods products, services, etc.Export and ImportGlobalizationEconomicFinancialCulturalPoliticalSociologicalTechnologicalGeographicEcologicalWhat is Globalization?According to Alex Gary, globalization is the process by which people and goods move easily across borders.Globalization is not a relatively new phenomenon; it’s been around for centuries.One example is the Silk Road.It has speeded up enormously over the last half century because of the great leap in technology. One best example is the internet which revolutionized the connection. The advent of email made communication faster than ever. The invention of ships, trains, and planes allowed us to move around the globe efficiently.It has led to many millions of people being lifted out of poverty. It has not allowed nations to trade with each other but also cooperate as never before.Effects of Globalization?Goods and people are transported a lot easierThe possibility of war between developed countries decreasesFree trade between countries increasesThe global common market has a freedom of exchange of goods and capital and the world becomes more accessible and equitable in generalGlobal mass media connects all the people in the worldThe communication between the individualsand corporations in the world increasesThe Cost of Cultural IgnoranceCultural misunderstandings– often lead to lost opportunities and increased levels of tension between people. Communicators who fail to realize that persons from different cultures may not look, think, or act as they do run the risk of having those with whom they interact judge them to be insensitive, ignorant, or culturally confused. The culturally confused pay a high price. Hence, know ifthe person you are talking to have shared meaning with youDefinition of TermsAccommodationIt is the means by which co-culture members maintain their cultural identitywhile striving to establish relationships with members of the dominant culture.AssimilationIt is how co-culture members attempt to fit inwith membersof the dominant culture.Co-culturesIt refers to a group of people who differ in some ethnic or sociological way from the parent culture.Collectivistic CulturesIt refers to cultures in which group goals arestressed.Focus is the goal of the groupCultural ImperialismIt is the expansion of dominionof one culture over another culture.Trying to dominate a culture

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATIONCommunication | Elements of Communication | Communication Cues | Communication and Globalization | Local and Global Communication in Multicultural SettingsBSN | 1ST YEAR | 1ST SEMESTER | 2024 - 2025Cultural PluralismIt is the adherence to the principle of culturalrelativism.Cultural RelativismIt refers to the acceptance of other cultural groupsas equal in value to one's own.Culturally ConfusedIt refers to the lacking an understanding of cultural difference.CultureIt is a system of knowledge, beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that are acquired, shared, and used by members during daily living.DiversityIt refers to the recognition and valuing of differencessuch factors as age, gender, race, ethnicity, ability, religion, education, marital status, sexual orientation and income.EthnocentrismIt is the tendency to see one’s own cultureas superior to all others.GlobalizationIt refers to the increasing economic, political, and cultural integration and interdependence of diverse cultures.High-context CommunicationIt is a tradition-bound communication systemwhich depends on indirectness.Mostly, you are not using words but gesturesYou are not straight forwardInividualistic CulturesIt pertains to the cultures in which individual goals are stressed.Goal or the needs of an individualIntercultural CommunicationIt is the way of interpreting and sharing meanings with individuals from different cultures.Interethnic CommunicationIt refers to the interaction with individuals of different ethnic origins.International Communication It refers to the communication between persons representing different nations.Intracultural CommunicationIt refers to the interaction with members of the same racial or ethnic group or co-cultureas yours.Interracial CommunicationIt is the way of interpreting and sharing of meanings with individuals from different races.Low-context CommunicationIt is a system that encourages directness in communication.Straightforward Low-power-distance culturesIt pertains to the cultures that believe that power should be used only when legitimate.Giving respect to someone who earned yourrespect because they are competentMasculine CulturesIt pertains to the cultures that value aggressiveness, strength, and material symbols of success.Melting-pot PhilosophyIt is the view that different cultures should be assimilated into the dominant culture.

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATIONCommunication | Elements of Communication | Communication Cues | Communication and Globalization | Local and Global Communication in Multicultural SettingsBSN | 1ST YEAR | 1ST SEMESTER | 2024 - 2025You are trying to forget the culture that you have to fit with other cultureMulticulturalismIt refers to the engagement with and respecttoward people from distinctly different cultures.PrejudiceIt is a positive or negative prejudgment.Giving judgment from what we have seenSeparationIt is the means co-culture members use to resist interacting with members of the dominant culture.Isolate themselves from other cultures because they might forget their cultureLocal and Global Communication inMulticultural SettingsCulture and Cultural GlobalizationCultureoriginates from a French term, which in turn derives from the Latin "colere,"which means “to tend to the earth and grow, or cultivation and nurture.”How are we going to nurture our cultureCultural GlobalizationCulture is the lifeblood of a vibrant society, expressed in many ways we tell our stories, celebrate, remember the past, entertain ourselves, and imagine the future. Our creative expression helps define who we are and helps us see the world through the eyes of others. In this way, cultures can be part of culture globalization which involves the formation of shared norms and knowledge with which people associate their individual and collective cultural identities. Henceforth, globalization brings increasing interconnectedness among different populations and cultures. This has been successful through the use of the internet, popular culturemedia, and international travel.Culture– we are sharing and expressing it to others. It serves as our identity to make us uniqueThe Importance of Having One’s CultureIndividual and Social Benefits of CultureIntrinsic benefitscultural experiences are opportunities for leisure, entertainment, learning, and sharingexperiences with others. From museums to theatres to dance studios to public libraries, culture brings people together.for us to enjoy, entertain, and as a leisureImproved Learning and Valuable Skills for the FutureCultural Heritage-broadens opportunities for education and lifelong learning, including a betterunderstanding of history. Many jurisdictions make strong linkages between culture and literacy and enhanced learning outcomes, in both public education and in the developmentof valuable workforce skills.-you will never understand the present without understanding the pastBetter health and well-beingParticipation in culture contributes to healthypopulations in several ways. Creativity andcultural engagementhave been shown to improve both mental and physical health. Participation in the arts can relieve isolation and promote identity formation and intercultural understanding.release stress and problems through art/cultural activitiesVibrant communities

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATIONCommunication | Elements of Communication | Communication Cues | Communication and Globalization | Local and Global Communication in Multicultural SettingsBSN | 1ST YEAR | 1ST SEMESTER | 2024 - 2025The benefits of culture for individuals can spill over to society as a whole. Culture helps build social capital, the glue that holdscommunities together. By bringing people together, cultural activities such as festivals,fairs, or classes create social solidarity and cohesion, fostering social inclusion, community empowerment, and capacity-building, and enhancing confidence, civic pride, and tolerance.because of the culture that we have, it makes our community vibrantEconomic Benefits of CultureContribution to job creationEconomic opportunities created by culture have taken on greater importance as economies transition from the industrial model, and work based on physical labour, to a new model in which knowledge and creativity drive productivity and growth.when we are having festivals or creating museums, we also create job opportunitiesContribution to tourismCulture makes a significant contribution to the tourism industry, further supporting job creation and encouraging infrastructure development. The many festivals and events hosted each year coupled with the province’s museums, art galleries, and historic sites, are magnets for cultural tourists.because of the culture that we have, other people would like to witness itCultural planningIncreasingly, municipalities are recognizing the contribution of culture to a sense of place, quality of life, and community and economic prosperity through a process called “cultural planning.” Cultural planning is led by local governments and involves broad community engagement to identify and leverage a community's cultural resources, strengthen the management of those resources, and integrate them in all facets of local planning and decisionmakingCultural DifferencesCulture-influences many parts of people’s lives including the food, dress, opinions, identity, music, buildings, manners, social interaction and language.We need to understand others' cultural background tomake sense of different viewpoints and opinions. Cultural awareness-is important in creating cross-cultural understanding and acceptance. Cultural awareness can give us a better understanding of our own culture and how itis perceived by outsiders.Examples of Cultural Differences (Expressions)In England, the thumb and forefingertogether to form an ‘O’ means OK, whereas; in Franceit means ‘nothing’ or ‘without any value’.Laughingis considered a sign of happinessin most countries, but in Japan,it is considered a sign of confusion, embarrassment, or insecurity.In most countries, shaking the head from side to sidemeans ‘No’, whereas; in Indiashaking the head from side to side means ‘Yes’."Keep your shirt on!"may be a frequently heard idiom in the U.S.But if you're traveling in South Korea, it's a smart pieceof advice for men.Yes, even at the beach.Fart– We all know the English meaning of the word fart, but did you know that fart means speedin Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish?If that doesn’t make you snicker enough, the words for a speed bump in each language are fartbump, fartshump, and farthinder.

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATIONCommunication | Elements of Communication | Communication Cues | Communication and Globalization | Local and Global Communication in Multicultural SettingsBSN | 1ST YEAR | 1ST SEMESTER | 2024 - 2025Giftin German, a gift is not quite as pleasant as in English – it means poison!Taking it a step further, gift in the Scandinavian languagescan mean both poison and marriage.These two meaningsare related and stem from the same root word, to give.Kisshas a more juvenile meaning in Swedish– pee. Simple, yet amusing!How to be culturally aware?1.Engage with other’s cultures by aksing questions.2.Be Open! Don’t get into the habit of thinking your way is the only way of doing something.3.Think about what you can learn from them no matter how unusual it is.4.Invite someone to share his/her culture with you.5.Overcome stereotypesCultural Sensitivity-begins with a recognition that there are differences between cultures. These differences are reflected in the ways that different groups communicate and relate to one another. -more than an awareness is that there are differences in culture in interact verbal effectively or either nonorder to through verbal communication. People who don’t recognize differences between cultures fall on stereotyping and discriminating minority group-You have to be sensitive and understand that we have different cultureAspects of GenderSensitivity to genderis being aware that there aredifferences between males and female, but those differences are not universal.Assignment-This is the gender from birth, either male or female, it is also the gender prescribed by society. -according to reproductive organRole-This is the set of behaviors, mannerisms, and other traits that society uses to express as part of the assigned gender.-task and behavior the community is expecting you to doIdentity-This is what we think the gender should be at any given time.-how do you identify yourselfAttribution-This is the gender assigned to people when we first meet them and is based on a set of cues that differentiate from culture to culture-judging the identity of a person because of physical appearance and actionIncreasing Cultural SensitivityPrepare yourself.Read about and listen carefully for culturally influenced behaviors.Recognize your fears.Recognize and faceyour own fears of acting inappropriately toward members of different cultures.Recognize differences.Be mindful of the differences between yourself and those fromother cultures.Recognize differences within the group.At the same time that you recognize differences between yourself and others, recognize that there are often enormous differences within any given cultural group.Recognize differences in meaning.Be aware that words don’t always mean the same thing to members of different cultures.Be rule conscious.Think mindfully about the cultural rules and customs of others.Cultural Appreciation VS Cultural Appropriation

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATIONCommunication | Elements of Communication | Communication Cues | Communication and Globalization | Local and Global Communication in Multicultural SettingsBSN | 1ST YEAR | 1ST SEMESTER | 2024 - 2025Cultural Appreciation-is when elements of a culture are used while honoring the source they came from. It is important to note that appreciation involves respect and value.Cultural Appropriation -is taking intellectual property, traditional knowledge, cultural expressions, or artifactsfrom someone else's culture without permission. This can include unauthorized use of another culture's dance, dress, music, language, folklore, cuisine, traditionalmedicine, religious symbols, etcExamples of Cultural AppropriationIn 2013, Miley Cyrus became the pop star most associated with cultural appropriation. During recorded and live performances, the former child star began to twerk, a dance style with roots in the African-American community. Writer Hadley Freeman of The Guardian particularly took issue with Cyrus’ twerking at the MTV Video Music Awards in August 2013. More recently the high street fashion retailer, Top Shop, caused consternation for using the Palestinian black & white scarf design for a summer dress.Nike caused so much anger when they ‘borrowed’ some Samoan tattoo designs for their Pro Tattoo Tech collection that it actually led to a petition calling on the company to stop sales.1.Research the Culture.Prior to using another culture’s intellectual property, it pays to properly research and understand it.Taking without respect, knowledge or insightwill ultimately lead to a serious backlash and accusations of cultural theft and culturalmisrepresentation.2.Avoid the Sacred in the West. It can be easy to sometimes overlook the sacred. What might seem a bit of fun, a joke or an innocent mistake to some, may cause serious distress to others. Much of the worldstill holds some things sacred, whether that be God, gods, spirits, symbols or anything else. Using the sacred is a serious no-no unless you want to cause trouble.3.Don’t Stereotype.A big issue with adoptingfrom other cultures is that it can be based on stereotypes, often negative and incorrect. It is natural when a foreigner peers into another culture for them to do so with their own cultural preconceptions and baggage. They cannot have an objective opinion nor an insider’s insights and therefore their understanding of the culture may be based on stereotypes.4.Promote Diversity.One area in which many fail when it comes to borrowing from other cultures, is that more than often that culture is not represented in any shape or form in the decision-making process. There is a need for more diversity in businesses and organizations, whether media, marketing, fashion or art. Having people with knowledge of different cultures and whounderstand the psychology of minority cultures or faiths is a sure-fire way of avoiding many of the potential pitfalls.5.Engage, Promote & Share Benefits. Perhaps the most effective way to avoid cultural appropriation is to engage with the culture you are adopting from. Spend time in it, understand it, engage with it and then when it comes to using a pattern, symbol, headdress or anything else make sure you use that platform to promote that culture, its people and if possible share benefits with them.