Existentialism in Pink Floyd's "Time": A Deep Analysis
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Existentialism ProjectAnalysis of Incorporated Elements of Existentialism in the Song "Time" ByPink Floyd.Ameema Ali Khan F20blng004Manahil Zahra F20blng00Malhar Ejaz W22bact019Vandana Blessy F19BAMS064Kinnaird College for Women UniversityLahore, Pakistan5th, December 2023
AbstractThis research paper highlights the incorporated themes of Existentialism in classic song “Time”released in 1973, by Pink Floyd, from their groundbreaking album “The Dark side of the Moon”.It is qualitative research. The melody and the lyrics of this song emphasize the importance oftime and how wasting precious time makes you regret later and you wish to have that time backin your life. It also describes a distressing outlook on life. The findings and observationsconclude that time is passing by. Instead of wasting it in leisure activities, we should thinkcritically and find a purpose and meaning in life as a human shapes his/her life according to theirown freedom of choice.Keywords: existentialism, themes, song, qualitative, time, freedom, purpose
IntroductionExistentialismExistentialism has its roots in philosophy. It deals with the philosophical underpinnings of anindividual’s life and highlights the concepts of a person’s freedom of choice and free will tomake decisions in their life and reflect upon them, finding meaning and purpose of life. Thewhole crux of these themes is that a person builds his own destiny and no external factorsinfluence their nature, actions and choices as according to existentialism, life is absurd and theperson himself has to find the truth of life and its purpose. Basically, existentialism delves deepinto the notions of living life in a proper way.Existentialism in Art and MusicIt is believed that one of the most important perspectives of existential philosophy is that itdelves more into human psychology and behaviour. It has its underlying concepts in art,literature and various other forms of culture that affect human minds. (Sage, 2015) It signifiesthat many novels, movies, poems and songs portray the existential themes via different genres,words, stories and even art, by using social media. It allows people to think critically about theirchoices and view the world differently and understand the way of living for taking steps toeradicate the meaninglessness and absurdity of life.This study provides an overview of how the themes of existentialism are portrayed in the lyricsof the song “Time”. A brief description of these themes is given as follows:Time is of essenceExistentialism has its foundations laid in the subjectivity of concepts of the world. The value andmeaning of time is different for every individual. It depends on the individual himself to spendtime in purposeful activities as they make their choices in their life.
Freedom and responsibilityEvery individual has its own choices. They have freedom of choiceand they face theconsequences of their choices. No external factor influences them for their actions, will, andchoices.Absurdity and meaninglessness of lifeLife is meaningless and absurd. It is made purposeful by the person himself. He finds the truth oflife and lives life according to this truth. The song portrays this concept along with theauthenticity of life.Introduction of songThis research specifically focuses on existentialist themes that are embedded in the song, “Time”by Pink Floyd, from the album “The Dark Side of the Moon”, released in 1973. The genres ofthis song are psychedelic rock and progressive rock. Throughout the past, many artists, novelists,poets have used existentialist themes in their works. Pink Floyd is a well-known British rockband that was formed in London in 1965. They are famous for their philosophical andmeaningful lyrics and gained recognition on the basis of the themes their songs represent. According to an online survey conducted in 2014, to identify the essential artists who frequentlyused existential themes in their works. Among these 235 nominations of songs, Pink Floyd wasamong the artists who used existential concepts in most of their songs. (Sage, 2015)Thesis StatementPink Floyd's "Time" song talks about how life is like a ticking clock. This study emphasizesthoughts about the things we do, the time slipping away, and why our choices matter. The song islike a reminder to think about your life and make choices that are purposeful and meaningful,before time runs out.Significance of the researchThis study is significant in the fields of art, music and philosophical exploration. This study aimsto provide a comprehensive understanding of existentialism themes portrayed in the song “Time”
by Pink Floyd. This study also attempts to uncover the hidden philosophical message conveyedin the song. This study extends the border of how artists in the age of social media use art inorder to communicate deep philosophical ideas. This study sheds light on the power of art andmusic to sculpt our perceptions. Furthermore, this study highlights the power of music by usingmusic as a tool for encouraging individuals to make meaningful choices and understanding themeaningfulness of existence.Research ObjectivesThe objectives of this research are:To provide an outlook of how artists use music and art to communicate philosophical ideas byusing social media.To analyze the underlying themes of existentialism in the lyrics of the song “Time” by PinkFloyd.To evaluate how the lyrics of the song “Time” portrays the complexities of human life throughthe lens of existentialism.To explore the existential ideas of absurdity of life and significance of time portrayed in the song“Time”.Research QuestionsHow do artists use music and art to communicate philosophical ideas via social media?What are the underlying themes of existentialism in the lyrics of the song “Time” by Pink Floyd?How do the lyrics of the song “Time” portray complexities of human life, through the lens ofexistentialism?How does the artist Pink Floyd portray concepts of absurdity of life and significance of time in thesong “Time”?
Scope of the researchThis study is based on the qualitative analysis of incorporated elements of Existentialism in theSong "Time" by Pink Floyd. This study explores the philosophical meanings present in the song“Time”. The study centres on existentialist concepts that are conveyed in the song, including theimportance of time, personal autonomy, and the pursuit of meaning in life. The study alsofocuses on the context of existentialism in art and music. Such as, how the themes arerepresented in the song and how it impacts the individual’s perception as well as behaviour. Thisstudy also emphasises Pink Floyd's distinctive contribution to these profound, thought-provoking, and significant subjects in the fields of music, art, and culture.MethodologyThere are three main methods of research: qualitative, quantitative and mixed-method. Thequalitative method of research entails the discovery of meanings via in-depth analysis orevaluation. It involves information gathered from documents, observations, and interviews. Thequantitative method of research is a method where a hypothesis is tested by variables andnumbers. Furthermore, tables, statistics, and figures are used in it. Mixed- method involves bothqualitative and quantitative components to analyze the data (Sheppard, 2020).Qualitative methodology is used in this research. This research is descriptive in nature. It is asecondary research. The data taken for analysis is the lyrics of the song “Time” by Pink Floyd,from the album “The Dark Side of the Moon”, released in 1973. Textual analysis is the processof closely examining and interpreting communication that is expressed through words, images,or other media, with an emphasis on the language, structure, and content (Mckee, 2001). Thelyrics (words) and content of the song are textually analyzed with the help of existentialismthemes and by the perspectives of philosophers as well. Literature ReviewMueller, G. E. (1946) employed the method of philosophical analysis and carried out aqualitative research on time which in general is a ticking bomb and can blow up any second. Itwas related with Heidegger's way of looking at time in his phenomenological theory, who sees it
like an exciting process, all tied up with human life and the world around us. The main aim wasto explore the concept of “Time” from different angles. He pointed out that the ticking bombidea and phenomenological time may seem different, but they both come together to show howour journey through time is complex. They emphasized how important thoughtful choices are astime keeps moving forward, impacting our lives profoundly. However, when time ends, whatpersists is the undeniable certainty of our meeting with death, marking the ultimate conclusion oflife's fleeting journey.Frankl, V. E. (1992) employed a qualitative method for his research on “Man’s search formeaning” to analyze the purpose for life. The research used the method created by his ownexperience, logotherapy, a way of helping people to find meaning in life, before the times runsout and the only thing left behind is the fragments of our dreams. The aim was to identify theimportance of life. For this purpose, existentialism's main idea is used that life can be hard, andto keep going, you need to find meaning even when things are tough or when you're facingdeath. Nobody else can tell you what your purpose is; you have to figure it out on your own. Andonce you know it, you have to take responsibility for it. If you do this successfully, you'll keepgrowing and moving forward, even when faced with challenges.Michael. A. Slote (1975) carried out a research on the concept of “Existentialism and the fear ofDeath|”. The qualitative research method aimed to delve into the profound intersection ofexistentialist philosophy and the universal fear of death. The work delved into key existentialthemes, including the inherent anxiety and meaninglessness of life, as well as the individual'sresponsibility to create purpose in the face of mortality. Slote's examination underscored theexistentialist notion that confronting the fear of death prompts a reevaluation of life's meaningand one's existence. This introspective journey into the existential realm sought to unravel thecomplexities surrounding human mortality, offering insights into how existentialist principlescould provide a framework for coping with the pervasive fear of death.Amarasooriya. D. N. P. (2019) conducted a historical inquiry into popular music intertwinedwith existentialism, with a specific focus on iconic works like Pink Floyd's "Time." Thequalitative method used in this research aimed to uncover how artists grappled with existentialthemes, delving into the timeless topics of the relentless march of time, the weight of choices,
and the pursuit of a meaningful existence. This exploration sought to demonstrate howmusicians, serving as existential storytellers, conveyed intricate narratives through lyrics andmusical elements. By offering succinct analyses, the research underscored the potency of popularmusic as a medium for expressing and contemplating the intricacies of human existence,encouraging listeners to ponder life's purpose amidst the constant ticking of time.Carstensen, L. L., Isaacowitz, D. M., & Charles, S. T. (1999) carried a research on time andsocial goals. This qualitative research aimed to illuminate the intricate link between timeperception and the pursuit of social goals. Rooted in the past, the objective was to understandhow individuals' perceptions of time influence their prioritisation of social motives, as outlinedin the theory. It became evident that when time is perceived as expansive, a focus on knowledge-oriented goals takes precedence, whereas a sense of limited time shifts the emphasis towardsemotional goals. This intertwining of time perception and social objectives highlights themalleability of human motivation across ages, showcasing how age-related differences in socialgoals are intertwined with perceptions of time left in life. The study underscored the pervasiveinfluence of time perception on human behaviour and motivations, offering crucial insights intovarious psychological realms, including social, developmental, cultural, cognitive, and clinicalpsychology, and shedding light on the existential themes of the human quest for purpose withinthe constraints and perceptions of time.Pfeifer, E. (2021). Conducted a qualitative study on the implementation of meaning-orientedmusic therapy, integrating logotherapy, existential analysis, and music therapy. The objectivewas to connect existential psychology with music therapy, rooted in past research. The goal wasto introduce a novel approach inspired by Viktor Emil Frankl's Third Viennese School ofPsychotherapy, recognizing the human drive for meaning as a core life motivator. The studyadapted Frankl's model of meaning fulfilment to enrich music therapy practices, exemplifiedthrough a palliative care case. This groundbreaking exploration emphasised that meaning-oriented music therapy is not a separate entity but a complementary dimension activated whenmeaning-related discussions take precedence in therapy sessions. The research aimed to elevatetherapeutic experiences by weaving existential themes of meaning and purpose into thetransformative realm of music.
Alperson. P. (1980) embarked on a qualitative research initiative focused on "Musical Time" andthe conceptualization of the "Art of Time." The primary aim was to unravel the intricaterelationship between the ticking nature of time and the temporal dimensions inherent in musicalcompositions. Rooted in past inquiries, the research sought to comprehend how music organizessound within a temporal framework, providing a unique perspective on the interplay betweensonic structures and the fluidity of time. This exploration delved into the philosophical andaesthetic dimensions of music, accentuating the profound connection between the ticking of timeand the artistic expression embedded in the temporal organization of musical works. Theoverarching goal was to stimulate contemplation on how music, operating as an "Art of Time,"serves as a distinctive avenue for engaging with existential themes, fostering reflection on thetransient nature of existence through the medium of sound.Findings and DiscussionLyrics of song “Time” by Pink FloydTicking away the moments that make up a dull dayFritter and waste the hours in an offhand wayKicking around on a piece of ground in your hometownWaiting for someone or something to show you the wayTired of lying in the sunshine, staying home to watch the rainYou are young and life is long, and there is time to kill todayAnd then one day you find ten years have got behind youNo one told you when to run, you missed the starting gunAnd you run, and you run to catch up with the sun but it's sinkingRacing around to come up behind you againThe sun is the same in a relative way but you're olderShorter of breath and one day closer to deathEvery year is getting shorter, never seem to find the timePlans that either come to naught or half a page of scribbled linesHanging on in quiet desperation is the English wayThe time is gone, the song is over, thought I'd something more to say
Home, home againI like to be here when I canAnd when I come home cold and tiredIt's good to warm my bones beside the fireFar away across the fieldThe tolling of the iron bellCalls the faithful to their kneesTo hear the softly spoken magic spellsPink Floyd's classic song "Time" explores existentialist topics in depth, focusing on the transientnature of human existence and the importance of personal decisions. The song, which wasincluded on the 1973 record "The Dark Side of the Moon," perfectly encapsulates existentialistthought thanks to its moving lyrics and striking musical composition. Fundamentally, anexistentialist holds that people are in charge of giving their lives meaning by the decisions anddeeds they commit. The song "Time" by Pink Floyd is consistent with this existentialistviewpoint, as it effectively illustrates how the unrelenting ticking of the clock serves as ametaphor for the limited duration of human existence. The song's lyrics exhort listeners toconsider the passing of time and the effects of their choices, conveying a sense of urgency.Jean Paul Sartre once said, "Man is condemned to be free; because once thrown into the world,he is responsible for everything he does."The concept of existential anxiety, or the fear or suffering that people experience when theyrealise how much freedom they have and how important it is to make decisions that matter, isfundamental to existentialism. In "Time," the words make listeners feel uneasy about time'sunrelenting passage, which forces them to face their own death. The phrase "hanging on in quietdesperation" perfectly captures the inner turmoil that frequently results from realising howquickly time is passing. The song also stresses the need of introspection and the necessity ofmaking deliberate decisions. The song's lyrics, which read, "Every year is getting shorter, neverseem to find the time / Plans that come to naught or half a page of scribbled lines," allude to thefleeting nature of life and the pointlessness of unfulfilled plans. This is consistent with
existentialist ideas about personal accountability and the necessity of making meaningfuldecisions.The instrumental portions of "Time" provide a substantial musical contribution that enhances theoverall existentialist ambiance. A sense of urgency is evoked, reflecting the unrelenting passageof time, by the heartbeat rhythm, the music's steady crescendo, and the sound effects of theticking clock. These components provide the song a sound backdrop that complements itsexistentialist theme while enhancing its lyrical value. Pink Floyd's "Time" alludes to theexistentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre's theory that "existence precedes essence" and thatpeople should consciously define their own essence via decisions and deeds. The song is amoving message to live a genuine and meaningful life before time inevitably makes theseopportunities outdated (Jones, 2017).Therefore, it can be seen that Pink Floyd's "Time" explores the underlying concepts of time,decisions, and human nature through a superb integration of existentialist aspects. The songinvites listeners to consider the fleeting nature of life and the necessity of making meaningfuldecisions in a world of existential realities through its poignant lyrics and melodic arrangement."Time" is a timeless work of musical art that never fails to move listeners and inspire them toreflect on the existential aspects of their own lives.ConclusionIn conclusion, the song “Time” by Pink Floyd conveys a philosophical message to the listenersor audience. The song’s lyrics accompanied with the melodic expression create a deepintrospection about the importance of time, choices and authenticity of life. The song reminds usabout how short life is, and one should not waste it. One should make choices to embraceauthenticity and purpose of life. “Time” is not merely a song, it is a masterpiece which holdsdeep meanings in it. It is a creative representation of existential realities.
ReferencesMeaning of Time by Pink Floyd — the Socratic Method. (2023b, November 21). TheSocratic Method. https://www.socratic-method.com/pink-floyd/meaning-of-timee-by-pink-floydMueller, G. E. (1946). Experiential and Existential Time. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 6(3), 424–435. https://doi.org/10.2307/2102698Frankl, V. E. (1992). Man’s search for meaning: An introduction to Logotherapy. Boston:Beacon. Michael A. Slote. American Philosophical Quarterly Vol. 12, No. 1 (Jan., 1975), pp. 17- 28 (12 pages). Published By: University of Illinois Press.Amarasooriya, D. N. P. (2019, December 3). An Analytical Approach to the Selected Songs of Popular Music Based on the Concepts of Existentialism. Social Science Research Network.https://ssrn.com/abstract=3497349Carstensen, L. L., Isaacowitz, D. M., & Charles, S. T. (1999). Taking time seriously: Atheory of socioemotional selectivity. American Psychologist, 54(3), 165–181.https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.54.3.165Pfeifer, E. (2021). Logotherapy, existential analysis, music therapy: Theory and practiceof meaning-oriented music therapy. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 72, 101730.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2020.101730Alperson, P. (1980). “Musical Time” and Music as an “Art of Time.” The Journal ofAesthetics and Art Criticism, 38(4), 407. https://doi.org/10.2307/430322Sheppard, V. (2020, April 6). 3.5 Quantitative, qualitative, & mixed methods researchapproaches.Pressbooks. https://pressbooks.bccampus.ca/jibcresearchmethods/chapter/3-5-quantitative-quantitative-mixed -methods-research-approaches/Mckee, A. (2001). Textual Analysis: A Beginner’s Guide. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/27470712_Textual_Analysis_A_Beginner's_GuideJones, C. (2017). Tear Down the Wall: Long-Form Analytical Techniques and the Music of Pink Floyd. researchrepository.wvu.edu.https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=8139&context=etd