Mastering Conjugate Heat Transfer with SolidWorks Simulation
School
Central Mindanao University**We aren't endorsed by this school
Course
MECHANICAL 101
Subject
Mechanical Engineering
Date
Dec 10, 2024
Pages
8
Uploaded by JudgeGrousePerson853
1 Republic of the Philippines Central Mindanao University University Town, Musuan, 8710 Bukidnon Department of Mechanical Engineering Computational Fluid MechanicsActivity No. 2 Conjugate Heat Transfer Criteria: Equivalent Score Content (20%) Accuracy (25%) Format (15%) Quality (15%) Analysis (20%) Overall Impression (5%) Name of Student Louine Jacob P. Butalid Section BSME 4A Schedule Friday 3:00 PM - 5:00 PM Date Performed September 21,2024 Date Submitted September 21,2024 Deadline September 23, 2024 Total Score
2 I. Objectives •To be able to create a Flow Simulation analysis of conjugate heat transfer •To be able to specify Boundary Conditions and Heat Sources •To be able to specify Engineering and run the simulation •To be able to view, display, and analyze results of the Flow Simulation II. Theory Conjugate Heat Transfer (CHT)refers to the simultaneous heat transfer within a solid and the fluid surrounding it. This involves the interaction between conduction (heat transfer within solids) and convection (heat transfer between a solid surface and a moving fluid). In the context of SolidWorks Flow Simulation, CHT is crucial for accurately predicting temperature distributions and heat fluxes in systems where both solid and fluid domains are present, such as electronic devices, heat exchangers, and cooling systems. Theories and Definitions 1. Conduction: This is the transfer of heat within a solid or between solids in direct contact. It is governed by Fourier’s Law, which states that the heat transfer rate is proportional to the negative gradient of temperatures and the area through which the heat flows. 2. Convection: This is the transfer of heat between a solid surface and a moving fluid. It can be natural (due to buoyancy forces) or forced (due to external means like fans or pumps). Newton’s Law of Cooling describes this process, stating that the heat transfer rate is proportional to the temperature difference between the surface and the fluid and the convection heat transfer coefficient. 3. Radiation: Although not always included in CHT, radiation can also play a role. It involves the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves and does not require a medium. 4. SolidWorks Flow Simulation: This tool uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to simulate fluid flow and heat transfer. It allows for the analysis of CHT by solving the coupled heat transfer equations for both the solid and fluid domains. Users can set up simulations to include various boundary conditions, material properties, and heat sources to study the thermal performance of their designs.
3 SolidWorks Flow Simulation with Heat TransferSolidWorks Flow Simulationis a powerful tool for analyzing fluid flow and heat transfer within and around solid bodies. It uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to solve the governing equations for fluid flow and heat transfer, providing insights into temperature distribution, heat flux, and fluid behavior. Theories and Definitions 1. Governing Equations: The core of CFD in SolidWorks Flow Simulation involves solving the Navier-Stokes equations, which describe the motion of fluid substances. These equations account for conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. 2. Heat Transfer Mechanisms: oConduction: Heat transfer within solids, governed by Fourier’s Law.oConvection: Heat transfer between a solid surface and a moving fluid, described by Newton’s Law of Cooling.oRadiation: Transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves, which can be included in simulations if necessary. 3. Boundary Conditions: Essential for defining how the fluid interacts with the solid boundaries. These include specifying temperatures, heat fluxes, and fluid velocities at the boundaries. 4. Mesh Generation: The process of dividing the computational domain into smaller elements to solve the equations numerically. A finer mesh can capture more details but requires more computational resources. Computational Fluid Flow Analysis Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)is the use of numerical methods and algorithms to solve and analyze problems involving fluid flows. CFD is widely used in various fields, including aerospace, automotive, and electronics cooling, to predict fluid behavior and heat transfer. Theories and Definitions 1. Navier-Stokes Equations: These are the fundamental equations governing fluid flow. They describe how the velocity field of a fluid evolves over time and space, considering viscosity, pressure, and external forces.
4 2. Turbulence Modeling: In many practical applications, fluid flow is turbulent. Various models, such as the k-ε (k-epsilon) model, are used to approximate the effects of turbulence. 3. Discretization Methods: Techniques like the Finite Volume Method (FVM) are used to convert the continuous Navier-Stokes equations into a set of algebraic equations that can be solved numerically. 4. Solver Algorithms: These are used to iteratively solve the discretized equations. Common algorithms include SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equations) and PISO (Pressure-Implicit with Splitting of Operators). III. Materials and Instruments •SolidWorks Software•SolidWorks Flow Simulation 2012 TutorialIV. Procedure 1. Open SOLIDWORKS software. 2. Copy the A2 –Conjugate Heat Transfer folder from the installation directory (C/Program Files/SOLIDWORKS Corp/SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation/Examples) into your working directory. Make sure that the files are not read-only. 3. Referring to SolidWorks Flow Simulation 2012 Tutorial, follow the instructions from page A2-1 to page A2-24. 4. Document your activity by taking a time lapse video of yourself doing the activity. Make sure that the screen activity is also clear in the recorded video. 5. Attach screenshots of the results in the “data and results” section, showing same value with the reference book. 6. Make your work commendable. Please see the rubrics for the criteria in grading your activity. 7. Upload your time lapse video in your Google drive and share your link to me in our GC. 8. Attached in the appendix screenshots of your time lapse video. V. Data and Results (Attach here the screenshots following results: 1.) Table summarizing the goals, 2.) Flow Trajectories, 3.) Velocity Contour Plot (Cut Plot 1), 4.) Temperature Cut Plot (after Cut Plot 1 is hidden), and 5.) Surface Plots of the temperature for the Main Chip, Heat Sink and all Small Chip components. 1. Table Summarizing The Goals
5 2. Flow Trajectory 3. Velocity Contour Plot 4. Temperature Cut Plot
6 5. Surface Plots of the temperature for the Main Chip, Heat Sink and all Small Chip components. VI. Conclusion and Recommendations The results confirm that the device's design is thermally acceptable, operating safely within the designated temperature limits. To further enhance performance, it is recommended to refine the cooling system by optimizing airflow patterns and conducting additional tests under extreme conditions. Regular validation against experimental data can also help mitigate potential discrepancies in simulation assumptions. This analysis provides valuable insights for improving future designs, ensuring robust thermal management in electronic devices. VII. Questions/ Problems 1. What is the maximum temperature in the main chip and over the small chips? ✓120°F maximum and 50°F minimum 2. Is the design of this electronic device acceptable based on the heat transfer criteria? Explain and provide basis for your answer. ✓The design of the electronic device is acceptable based on the heat transfer criteria, given the specified operating temperature range of 50°F to 120°F. The device meets the criteria
7 if the Conjugate Heat Transfer (CHT) simulation shows that all components operate within this range, without exceeding 120°F or dropping below 50°F. Effective heat dissipation through cooling mechanisms, such as fans or heat sinks, must ensure that the device does not develop hot spots that push temperatures above acceptable levels. Additionally, materials used must withstand thermal stresses without failure, and airflow should be optimized to enhance convective heat transfer. If these conditions are met, the thermal management is sufficient, ensuring the device operates reliably and safely within the specified temperature limits. VIII. References Hawk Ridge Systems. (2014, August 19). SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation: Heat Transfer. Retrieved from https://hawkridgesys.com/blog/conjugate-heat-transfer-solidworks-flow-simulationSimScale. (n.d.). Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) - Ultimate Guide. Retrieved from https://www.simscale.com/docs/simwiki/cfd-computational-fluid-dynamics/what-is-cfd-computational-fluid-dynamics/ IX. Appendix (Attach pictures of you during the activity showing your face and the screen of the computer. ME 83 Activity Evaluation Rubrics
8 Criteria Excellent (5) Good (4) Satisfactory (3) Needs Improvement (2) Poor (1) Completeness of Content (20%) All required elements are present, including a comprehensive introduction, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. Most required elements are present, but some details may be lacking. Some required elements are missing or incomplete. Many required elements are missing or unclear. Most required elements are missing or incomplete. Accuracy of Data and Calculations (25%) All data is accurate, and calculations are generally correct, with only minor errors. Most data is accurate, and calculations are generally correct, with only minor errors. Some inaccuracies in data and calculations are present, affecting the overall reliability of the results. Numerous inaccuracies in data and calculations significantly impact the validity of the results. Data and calculations are largely incorrect or missing. Presentation and Formatting (15%) The activity is well-organized, with clear headings, labels, and a logical flow. Formatting is consistent and professional. The activity is organized, but there may be some inconsistencies in headings, labels, or formatting. The organization is somewhat confusing, and formatting is inconsistent, affecting overall clarity. The activity lacks clear organization and formatting, making it difficult to follow. The activity is disorganized, with little to no attention to formatting, hindering understanding Quality of Graphs and Figures (15%) Graphs and figures are clear, well-labelled, and directly support the analysis. They enhance the understanding of the presented data. Most graphs and figures are clear and adequately labelled, contributing to the overall understanding of the content. Some graphs and figures are unclear or poorly labelled, making it challenging to interpret the data. Graphs and figures are confusing, hindering the ability to comprehend the information. Graphs and figures are missing or of very poor quality. Analysis and Interpretation (20%) The analysis is insightful, demonstrating a deep understanding of the experimental outcomes. Connections between theory and results are well-established. The analysis is sound, with a good understanding of the experimental outcomes and some connections to theory. The analysis is basic with limited connections between theory and results. The analysis is superficial, and connections between theory and results are unclear. Little to no analysis is provided, and connections to theory are absent. Overall Impression (5%) The activity demonstrates exceptional effort and understanding, showcasing a high level of competency in the laboratory work. The activity is well-done, indicating a good level of effort and understanding in the laboratory work. The activity is satisfactory, but improvements could enhance overall quality. The activity shows minimal effort or understanding, requiring significant improvements. The activity is of poor quality, reflecting a lack of effort or understanding in the laboratory work.