Understanding Lipids, Carbohydrates, and Nucleic Acids in Biology
School
Eagle River High School**We aren't endorsed by this school
Course
BIO AP
Subject
Biology
Date
Dec 11, 2024
Pages
5
Uploaded by ColonelTeam13730
AP BIOLOGY ACTIVITY 1.1 NAME__________________Text Reference: Biology in Focus, chapter 3Lipids, Carbohydrates, and NucleicAcidsLipids1.Describe the functions of each type of lipid.Triglyceride -Store and transport energy through the cell.Phospholipid - Act as the walls of the cell separating the insides of cells from their surroundings.Steroid - Send “messages” through the cell2.The model below shows the formation of a triglyceride. Write a grammatically correct sentence to describe the reaction.The Glycerol and Fatty acids combine during Dehydration Synthesis resulting inthe formation of a Triglyceride Molecule and H2O3.Explain the chemical difference between saturated fats and unsaturated fats.
AP BIOLOGY ACTIVITY 1.1 NAME__________________Text Reference: Biology in Focus, chapter 3Saturated fats have no double bonds while Saturated have one or more4.The shape of a steroid is very different from other lipids?How do steroids differ chemically from other lipids? Steroids have a ring of carbon atoms while other lipids have long fatty acid chains.5.Phospholipids are the main building blocks of cell membranes. Describe the chemical nature of the molecule that makes it well suited to building membranes.They are both hydrophilic and hydrophobic in different parts meaning it can either attract or reject water.
AP BIOLOGY ACTIVITY 1.1 NAME__________________Text Reference: Biology in Focus, chapter 3Carbohydrates 6.Monosaccharides in solution take the shape of rings. Combining two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide stores energy. Explain why plants often store energy in the form of starches.Starches are great long term energy storages and can be broken down into glucose easily.7.Starches and cellulose are chemically very similar, but their functions are very different . Describe the chemical differences between them and what it allows cells to do with each of them.Starch is made in a coiled form and used for storing energy while Cellulose is made of straight chains and used to build cell walls.8.Animals do not store starches. Describe the similarities and differences between starch and cellulose (used by plants), and glycogen (used by animals.)
AP BIOLOGY ACTIVITY 1.1 NAME__________________Text Reference: Biology in Focus, chapter 3Animals need their energy to be ready the moment they need it which is why they use glycogen while plants use starch as a more consistent form of energy storage.9.Match the definition with the correct term. A.Dehydration SynthesisB.Hydrolysis C.Monomer D.Polymer (may be used more than once)_D_ Large molecule that consists of many subunits called monomers_C_ Identical or similar subunits of a polymer_A_ Process of linking monomers to form a polymer_A_ Loss of a water molecule between two monomers to form a covalent bond between the monomers_B_ Breaking the covalent bond between monomers by adding a water molecule _A_ Forming a starch_B_ Digestion of a triglycerideNucleic Acids10.List the components of a nucleotide. How are RNA and DNA nucleotides the same? How are they different?Both have a phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base (Adenine, Cytosine, and Guanine) but RNA uses Uracil in its nitrogenous base while DNA uses Thymine. RNA is also single stranded and DNA is double stranded (Helix)11. In DNA, a Purine always bonds to a Pyrimidine. What does that mean? How does the number of hydrogen bonds play a role?
AP BIOLOGY ACTIVITY 1.1 NAME__________________Text Reference: Biology in Focus, chapter 3Base pairings are separated easily meaning it can be copied more, Hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent bonds which is why the amount of hydrogen is important.12. In both DNA and RNA. Purines and pyrimidines will always pair. This is known as base pair matching. List the potential base pairs found in DNA, then list the possible base pairs in when DNA makes RNA during protein synthesis.An example of base pairs in DNA is adenine and thymine, For RNA it could be adenine and uracil.