Calculating Yield and Analyzing IR Spectra of 1-Butanol
School
Virginia Commonwealth University**We aren't endorsed by this school
Course
CHEM 301
Subject
Chemistry
Date
Dec 12, 2024
Pages
4
Uploaded by ChefOctopus4766
Name: Isaiah DannerTA:albaSection:07Partner: Elena and the other girlPost Lab: Each question is worth 10 points.1.Calculate theoretical and percent yield based on your starting amount of 1-butanola.show your calculationsTheoretical yield of 1-butanol= 3.11mL*0.810g/mL=2.52g is the theoretical yield of 1-butanolActual yield (mole_C4H9Br =mole__C4H9OH) of 1-butanol: (17.475-16.2218)g/(137.02g/mol) *74.12g/mol= 0.6778g is the actual yield of 1-butanolPercent yield of 1-butanol: 0.6778/2.52*100% =26.9% b.attach an image of your observations page with your data
Name: Isaiah DannerTA:albaSection:07Partner: Elena and the other girl2.Attach a picture of your IR; list the peaks in the diagnostic regionthat belong to 1-bromobutane and which bonds they indicate. State which peaks would be present in 1-butanol and explain which peaks would be found in both 1-butanol and 1-bromobutane and which peaks are unique to 1-butanol.
Name: Isaiah DannerTA:albaSection:07Partner: Elena and the other girlThe only peak that was shown in this IR spectroscopy was a stretch Alkane C-H bond that appeared at a strong intensity around 2961.4 cm^-1. The peak that would uniquely show up in 1-butanol is O-H hydrogen bonded peak around 3200-3400 cm^-1 frequency range, and 1-butanol and 1-bromobutane would both have a stretch Alkane C-H bond appearing around 2850-3000 cm^-1 frequency range.3.Write a formal procedure for this experiment.a.passive past tenseb.complete sentencesc.paragraph formd.use enough detail that someone experienced in lab techniques could replicate the experiment. We started to set up the reflux technique by connecting two hoses (one that connects to the sink and one to the drain) to the condenser. Then we placed a 50mL round bottom flask (r.b.f) and its associated heat block. We put a stir bar in the r.b.f, put r.b.f on the hot plate. We put a stir bar in the r.b.f, set the r.b.f on a hot plate, and got a 10mL graduated cylinder. With the graduated cylinder; we got 3.11mL of 1-butanol and then poured it to the r.b.f, then we got 4.95mL of HBr and then poured it to the r.b.f, and finally we rinse the graduated cylinder with water and then got 2.02mL of H_2SO_4 while rinsing the pipette used to put the sulfuric acid into the r.b.f with water and then disposing it, adding the sulfuric acid slowly and carefully .
Name: Isaiah DannerTA:albaSection:07Partner: Elena and the other girlAfter turning the hot plate on and checking for any signs of boiling (for us it started boiling at 24.7 degrees Celsius), we started a 45-minute timer when we activated thereflux by turning the water connected to the hose. After that we checked with our T.A. To make sure everything was fine.After refluxing the r.b.f, we let it cool to room temperature. We then added water to the condenser using a pipette. We switched the reflux setup to a simple distillation setup: by adding a 3-way connector (putting a thermometer in the upwards most valve near the hot plate) and adding a vacuum adapter to a 25mL r.b.f ice bath (in the end of the reflux condenser). Once the thermometer reached a steady 100 degrees Celsius, we ended the distillation and afterwards measured around 3mL of water and added it into the r.b.f. Afterwards, we pipetted the top layer of r.b.f out of the solution, adding the 3-5mL of water to the r.b.f repeating the same process as shown above. Once our solution was somewhat cloudy and had clear specs of water, we added a ½ inch of drying agent to the r.b.f. During the remaining steps, we removed the contents of the r.b.f to a pre-weighed vial + cap (weighing at 16.2218 in total) and got 1.2531g of 1-bromo-butane. Afterwards we gave the vial to our T.A, who then took IR of the 1-bromo-butane.