Essential Concepts of Metabolism and Tissue Types: Study Guide
School
ECPI University, Virginia Beach**We aren't endorsed by this school
Course
BIO112 101
Subject
Biology
Date
Dec 12, 2024
Pages
5
Uploaded by ConstableFreedom8949
Chapter 1-13 Study GuideChapters 4-7 1.) "Catabolic metabolism" refers toa.biochemical reactions that break down compounds.2.) Bones protect internal organs.a.True3.) The merocrine, apocrine, and holocrine secretions differ in thea.amount of cytoplasm secreted along with the glandular product.4.) The human integumentary system includesskin, nails, hair follicles, and sweat glands.a.True5.) A bone thickens as a result of cell division in the medullary cavity.a.False6.) Which of the following is a characteristic of enzymes?a.Most are proteins.7.) In hydrolysis decomposition of a carbohydrate,a.water molecules bond to monosaccharide molecules.8.) The basic steps of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction are:a.substrate and enzyme combine, forming an E-S complex. The reaction occurs, products are released, and the unchanged enzyme is released and recycled.9.) Which of the following best describes the interaction between an enzyme and its substrate?a.Part of the enzyme temporarily binds part of the substrate molecule.10.)Compact bone has ________, whereas spongy bone has __________.a.osteons; trabeculae11.)Which of the following is not found associated withspongy bone?a.Osteons12.)"Anabolism" refers toa.chemical reactions that acquire energy.13.)Three factors that increase the rates of enzyme-controlled reactions are thea.number of enzyme molecules, number of substrate molecules, and efficiency of the enzyme.14.)Which of the following characteristics is used to name tissue types?
a. Location of cells in the body 15.)In hydrolysis decomposition of a carbohydrate,a. the molecule is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water.16.)Proteins are enzymes.a.True17.)Which of the following is one of the four basic types of body tissues?a.Epithelial tissue18.)Which of the following is a characteristic of enzymes?a.Most are proteins.19.)Which of the following is correct concerning the skin?a.The epidermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelium.20.)Which of the following best describes the interaction between an enzyme and its substrate?a.Part of the enzyme temporarily binds part of the substrate molecule.21.)All of the following are functions of bones except to protect certain internal organs.a.False22.)The term "bone" can refer toa.a tissue or an organ only.23.)An active site of an enzyme isa.the part of an enzyme that combines with a substrate.24.)An enzyme isa.a molecule, usually a protein, that speeds the rate of a biochemical reaction by lowering the activation energy.25.)A bone thickens as a result of cell division in the medullary cavity.a.False26.)Dehydration synthesis reactions _____, whereas hydrolysis reactions _____.a.lose H2O to form bonds; use H2O to break bonds27.)In a condition called incontinentia pigmenti, the skin has deep dark splotches, due to melanin that seeps down into the dermis. Normally, melanin is confined to thea.epidermis.28.)A six-month-old baby is admitted to the hospital with a broken bone. This is the third fracture in the otherwise healthy child. The parents are arrested on charges of child abuse. The defense lawyer gets the charges
dropped after the results of genetic tests indicate which of the following conditions?a.Osteogenesis imperfecta29.)An example of an anabolic reaction isa.many monosaccharides bonding, forming glycogen.30.)In the inherited disease ichythyosis, the skin is rough, brown, and very scaly because the uppermost layer cannot peel off as easily as skin normally does. The part of the skin that is affected is thea.epidermis.31.)The skin appears yellowish if a person eats too mucha.carotene.32.)When a sucrose molecule is synthesized from a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule,a.dehydration synthesis occurs.33.)Which of the following is an example of anabolism?a.The formation of glucose in the cytoplasm and mitochondria34.)The type of epithelium that secretes into ducts that open onto surfaceslike skin or into body fluids isa.glandular epithelium.35.)An organ consists ofa.two or more tissues grouped together that function together.36.)Which of the following groups of bones, based on shape, is associated with a correct example?a.Long bones - forearm bones37.)A carcinoma is a cancer originating froma.epithelium.38.)The tissue that forms the inner lining of the respiratory passages isa.mucus-secreting, ciliated, and pseudostratified.39.)The enzyme catalase acts on the substratea.hydrogen peroxide.40.)A basement membrane anchors epithelial tissueto connective tissue.a.True41.)As cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface,a.they divide continually.
42.)Humans require vitamins in their diets because these nutrientsa.act as coenzymes.43.)The tissue through which gases are exchanged between the blood and the air in the lungs isa.simple squamous epithelium.44.)The type of epithelium that lines the urinary bladder and many of the urinary passageways isa.transitional.45.)Histology is not the study ofa.organ function.46.)A (An) ______ gland does not branch before reaching the glandular cellsor secretory part.a.simple47.)The name of an enzyme ends ina.-ase.48.)About 90% of all cancers originate froma.epithelium.49.)The type of intercellular junction that functions for “communication" is a(n)a.gap junction.50.)Epithelial tissue functions in secretion, absorption, and protection.a.True51.)The epidermis is composed largely ofa.stratified squamous epithelium.52.)A (An) _______ gland branches repeatedly before reaching the glandularcells or secretory part.a.compound53.)"Glycolysis" refers toa.the breakdown of glucose molecules to release energy.54.)Articular cartilage isa.hyaline cartilage.55.)The type of intercellular junction that forms dense tissue isa.a tight junction.
56.)Which type of tissue lines the follicles of the thyroid glands?a.Simple cuboidal epithelium57.)Areolar tissue containsa.collagenous fibers, elastic fibers, and gel-like ground substance.58.)A cofactor is ______ and examples are _____.a.a necessary part of some enzymes; copper, iron, and zinc59.)Nerve fibers scattered throughout the dermis are associated witha.muscles, glands, and sensory receptors.60.)Articular cartilage of a long bone is founda.on the outer surface of the epiphyses.61.)An important mechanism that controls metabolic pathways under physiological conditions isa.negative feedback.