Chapter 5 Questions

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School

University of St. Francis**We aren't endorsed by this school

Course

ENVS 330

Subject

Chemistry

Date

Dec 17, 2024

Pages

Uploaded by BailiffScience15751

1.List and describe the harmful effects of the six conventional air pollutants. - Carbon Monoxide (CO) - Replaces oxygen in the bloodstream, causing angina, impaired vision, poor coordination, and lack of alertness; also contributes to formation of ozone - Lead - Damages neurological systems and kidneys - Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) - Cause lung and respiratory tract damage and contributes to acid rain and smog- Ozone - Irritates eyes, reduces lung function, increases nasal congestion, and reduces resistance to infection - Particulates - Reduce resistance to infection; irritate the eyes, ears, and throat; and cause temporary orpermanent lung damage - Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) - Causes lung and respiratory tract damage and contributes to acid rain, which damages trees, buildings, vegetation, and aquatic life2. Explain the difference between a conventional air pollutant and a toxic air pollutant. - Toxic air pollutants are dangerous to human health even at low concentrations. 3. What is acid deposition? - Acid deposition is rain, snow, or other precipitate with a pH of less than 5.4. Why is the thinning of the ozone layer a problem? - Ozone in the stratosphere provides a layer of protection from UV radiation. 5. Conceptually, how did the regulation of air quality from 1970 to the present differ from air-quality legislation prior to 1970?- Prior to 1970, little was understood about the issue of air pollution, and there were few specific guidelines in place. 6. How is the treatment of existing air-pollution sources different from the treatment of new sources of air pollution? - Treatment of new sources falls under greater scrutiny, with higher standards that must be met regarding cleanliness.7. What is the significance of an area being designated a class I air-quality control region (AQCR)? - These regions must meet higher standards of air quality and include spaces such as nature reserves or historic sites. 8. How does the 1990 air toxins program differ from the program for controlling air toxins established under the previous Clean Air Act?- The 1990 air toxins program gave the EPA the responsibility of defining and structuring the standards for clean air, and the responsibility for enforcing those standards was given to state and local institutions.