Chapter 18 key people and events
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Union City High School**We aren't endorsed by this school
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HISTORY US HISTORY
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History
Date
Dec 18, 2024
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2
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1.Warren G. Harding:oImportance: He was the 29th President of the United States, serving from 1921 to 1923. Harding is known for his campaign promise of a "return to normalcy" following World War I. His administration ushered in a period of economic growth, but was also marred by scandals such as the Teapot Dome scandal.2.Calvin Coolidge:oImportance: He served as the 30th President of the United States from 1923 to 1929, following Harding'sdeath. Coolidge was known for his quiet demeanor and his pro-business policies, which he believed would lead to economic prosperity. His administration focused on reducing government intervention in the economy.3.Albert B. Fall:oImportance: He was Harding’s Secretary of the Interior and was central to the Teapot Dome scandal. Fall illegally leased naval petroleum reserves in exchange for bribes, becoming the first cabinet member to go to prison.4.Charles Evans Hughes:oImportance: As Secretary of State under Harding and Coolidge, Hughes played a significant role in foreign policy, including the Washington Naval Conference, which aimed to prevent an arms race by limiting naval armament.5.Andrew Mellon:oImportance: Serving as Secretary of the Treasury under Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover, Mellon pushed for tax cuts and reducing the public debt, contributing to economic growth during much of the 1920s.6.Charles G. Dawes:oImportance: As part of the Dawes Plan, he played a key role in restructuring Germany’s World War I reparations, stabilizing the German economy, and easing international tensions.1.Washington Naval Conference (1921–1922):oImportance: This conference was aimed at preventing naval armament and an arms race post-World WarI. It led to agreements on naval disarmament among major powers and established limits on naval capacities, promoting peace and stability.2.Teapot Dome Scandal (early 1920s):oImportance: This was a major political scandal involving the secret leasing of federal oil reserves by the Secretary of the Interior, Albert B. Fall, in exchange for bribes. It highlighted corruption in the Harding administration and led to reforms in governmental oversight.3.Scopes Trial (1925):oImportance: Also known as the "Scopes Monkey Trial," this event was a legal case over the teaching of evolution in schools, reflecting the cultural clash between science and religious fundamentalism during the 1920s.
4.National Origins Act (1924):oImportance: This act established immigration quotas that discriminated against immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe, reflecting the era's nativist attitudes and shaping U.S. immigration policy for decades.5.Lindbergh’s Transatlantic Flight (1927):oImportance: Charles Lindbergh’s solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean became a symbol of American ingenuity and progress in aviation, inspiring technological advancements and a spirit of adventure.6.Harlem Renaissance (1920s):oImportance: This cultural movement centered in Harlem, New York, was a flourishing of African American literature, music, and art. It marked a period of cultural awakening and is celebrated for its contribution to American culture.The 1920s, often referred to as the "Jazz Age," was a period of significant cultural and economic change in the United States. This era saw the rise of new technologies such as automobiles, airplanes, and radios, which contributed to a booming economy and a shift in societal norms. The introduction of mass production techniques, particularly in the automobile industry by Henry Ford, led to increased consumerism and the growth of a new consumer society. This period also witnessed the emergence of a new youth culture characterized by a "new morality," which challenged traditional values and norms. Women gained more independence, and the working class enjoyed more leisure time due to higher wages and shorter work hours [1].The Harlem Renaissance was a pivotal movement during this time, marking a cultural rebirth for African Americans. It was centered in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City and was characterized by a flourishing of African American arts, music, and literature. Notable figures such as Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston emerged, contributing to a new sense of racial pride and identity. Jazz and blues music, popularized by artists like Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington, became integral to American culture. This cultural movement also had political implications, as African Americans began to gain more political power, particularly in Northern cities, due to the Great Migration [2].Despite these advancements, the 1920s also saw significant opposition to change. Nativism and racism surged, leading tothe resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan and the implementation of restrictive immigration quotas. The era of Prohibition, marked by the Eighteenth Amendment, aimed to curb alcohol consumption but instead led to the rise of organized crimeand speakeasies. The decade concluded with the onset of the Great Depression, which brought an end to the economic prosperity of the 1920s and led to increased federal intervention in the economy