Research #5 - Holden Iserman
.pdf
School
Castleton University**We aren't endorsed by this school
Course
BUSINESS 2230
Subject
Communications
Date
Dec 18, 2024
Pages
6
Uploaded by holdeniserman
Holden Iserman October 3rd, 2024 Paralanguage: Vocal Qualities, Vocalizations, Vocal Segregates #1: Nonverbal communication involves numerous elements, such as gestures, intonation, proximity, volume, word choice, eye contact and many others. Andrews University says that nonverbal messages serve to repeat, accent, complement, regulate or substitute for a verbal message. Different cultures rely on disparate systems of nonverbal communication. Paralanguage is the culture-specific stylistic element that people use while speaking. Andrews University breaks paralanguage down into three groups: vocal characterizers, vocal qualifiers and vocal segregates. Vocal characterizers include things like yawning, laughing, crying and moaning, which convey meanings to an audience. Vocal qualifiers include such elements as tone, tempo, rhythm, pitch and volume. For example, speaking rapidly and in a high pitch indicates excitement in many cultures. Vocal segregates include such sounds as “uh-uh” or “mmmm,” noises which convey messages about internal feelings, such as dissent or pleasure. Source: https://www.cvs.edu.in/upload/Forms%20of%20communication.pdf #2: Vocal segregates are essential components of semi-verbal communication. They consist of sounds other than words that convey meaning, such as laughter, sighs, and gasps. For instance, a chuckle may indicate amusement or approval in response to a humorous remark. In contrast, an audible sigh could signify frustration or disappointment during a difficult conversation. These vocal cues provide valuable context for interpreting the emotional nuances underlying spoken messages. Moreover, variations in vocal segregates can reflect differences in cross-cultural communication and personal idiosyncrasies. A sharp intake of breath might express surprise in one culture while signaling disapproval in another. Vocal Fluences Vocal fluences play a crucial role in semi-verbal communication. These are sounds we make to fill gaps of silence. For example, when trying to think of what to say, we might say “ummm”.Similarly, many people insert the phrases “like” or “kind of” into their sentences to buy time to think about what they are saying. Source: https://kinnu.xyz/kinnuverse/psychology/the-science-of-communication/semi-verbal-communication/ #3: Paralanguage is a very important aspect in human language communication. In the communication of people, it is not only the important method to express the significance, the
essential middle link of words, but also is the same with the language communication and other non-language communications, can transmit the different semantic information, express varies words significance, has the special communicative function and value. Paralanguage makes the language communication to be more accurate, vivid and full of expressive force. It plays the role of making the words significance determined, beautification, substitution and deepened. Paralanguage is an important component of our natural communication; it is an essential supplement to spoken language communication. The same with language, paralanguage is also a part of culture. Paralanguage and language form an omni-directional communication system together. The lack of any side will cause incomplete communication and efficiency reduction. We have to use paralanguage appropriately in communication. In addition, paralanguage has its arbitrariness and will cause the multi-dimensional pattern of cultureSource: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/css/article/viewFile/j.css.1923669720130906.3832/5457 Gestures, Facial Expressions, Eye Contact, and Posture #1: Body language refers to the nonverbal signals that we use to communicate. These nonverbal signals make up a huge part of daily communication. In fact, body language may account for between 60% to 65% of all communication.1Examples of body language include facial expressions, eye gaze, gestures, posture, and body movements. In many cases, the things we don'tsay can convey volumes of information.So, why is body language important? Body language can help us understand others and ourselves. It provides us with information about how people may be feeling in a given situation. We can also use body language to express emotions or intentions.2 Facial expressions, gestures, and eye gaze are often identified as the three major types of body language, but other aspects such as posture and personal distance can also be used to convey information. Understanding body language is important, but it is also essential to pay attention to other cues such as context. In many cases, you should look at signals as a group rather than focus on a single action. Source: https://www.verywellmind.com/understand-body-language-and-facial-expressions-4147228#:~:text=Facial%20expressions%2C%20gestures%2C%20and%20eye,other%20cues%20such%20as%20context.
#2: Body language can play five roles: Repetition: It repeats and often strengthens the message you’re making verbally.Contradiction: It can contradict the message you’re trying to convey, thus indicating to your listener that you may not be telling the truth. Substitution: It can substitute for a verbal message. For example, your facial expression often conveys a far more vivid message than words ever can. Complementing: It may add to or complement your verbal message. As a boss, if you pat an employee on the back in addition to giving praise, it can increase the impact of your message. Accenting: It may accent or underline a verbal message. Pounding the table, for example, can underline the importance of your message. Source: https://www.helpguide.org/relationships/communication/nonverbal-communication #3: Some nonverbal communication techniques to be mindful of dur- ing presentations include proximity, orientation, and motion. Proximity—Nonverbal respect is shown by not entering the 2- to 3-feet intimate space around a person. Orientation—Facing the audience most of the time is recommended. The presenter must avoid power struggles with audience members. To defuse an escalating confrontation, it may be best to stand at an angle to the agitated person rather than facing the individual directly. A presenter always faces the person who asks a question and avoids folding arms or turning his or her back after a question is asked, so as to not convey a defensive reac- tion or rejection toward the speaker. Motion—It may appear more intimate to lean slightly toward an audience or an individ- ual rather than remaining totally erect. A presenter should stand in one place initially. As the speaker and audience loosen up, moving around a bit can be relaxing. But excessive movement may convey restlessness or nervousness. On the other hand, standing too rig- idly or in too stationary a position may communicate that the speaker is intimidated. Legs—Sitting with legs crossed can seem to create a barrier between the presenter and the audience. Floor or leg “wagging” when seated is also unacceptable for presenters.Source: https://www.isbe.net/CTEDocuments/SCC-600081.pdf Professional Business Attire and Business Casual Attire #1: Business casual attire strikes a balance between professional and relaxed, offering a polished yet comfortable look suitable for a variety of work environments. This dress code allows for more flexibility and personal expression compared to traditional business professional attire. Common colors for business casual attire include neutrals like black, navy, gray, and beige, along with muted tones and subtle patterns. While the overall aesthetic should still be professional, business casual attire often incorporates elements of casual wear, such as knit sweaters, chinos, and blouses, allowing for a more relaxed and approachable appearance.
Overall, the key to mastering business casual attire is striking the right balance between professionalism and comfort. While there's room for individual style, it's important to ensure that your outfit still conveys a sense of professionalism and respect for the workplace environment. Source: https://suitshop.com/blogs/news/business-casual-vs-business-professional-attire/ #2: When deciding how to dress for certain situations, there are a few things to consider: •If you work in an office, pay close attention to the way people dress. While the office may be casual, you might notice that people in leadership positions dress slightly more formally. You may choose to dress similarly to the people who hold the position you would like to reach. •If you’re going to an interview, check the company’s “About Us” page and social media profiles for clues about their culture. They might have pictures or videos about their offices where you can see how employees typically dress. If you’re still unsure, ask your recruiter or another contact what they recommend you wear to be successful in the interview. •If you’re going to a business meeting, ask your colleagues who may know or have met with this same person about how their offices operate and how you can appear respectful and professional during your meeting with them. •In any setting, avoid overly large or busy accessories, heels that are four inches or higher, and any clothing with profanity or possibly offensive imagery or phrases. Source: https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/starting-new-job/guide-to-business-attire #3: Business Attire Guide for Men Suit Well pressed and tailored black, navy, or gray suit. Jacket sleeves should extend to the hand and pants should typically match the jacket. Avoid anything too trendy. Well pressed and in good condition is very important! Shirt Neat, pressed, and clean traditional long sleeved collared shirt in white or a basic color. Avoid anything too bright, trendy or ill-fitting. Shoes Clean, polished dress shoe in black or brown to coordinate with your suit. Dress socks should match suit. Tie Good quality tie (often silk) in a conservative color and pattern that is properly tied (see guide below). Avoid anything too trendy or distracting. Source: https://gardner-webb.edu/student-life/career-development/interviews/business-attire-guide/ Use of Color, Accessories, and Artifacts (as this term relates to attire) #1:
Source: https://hecec.human.cornell.edu/2016/09/27/color-psychology-and-interview-apparel/ #2: Tips for Using Color Psychology in Your Outfits 1.Understand Your Intention: Consider the mood or impression you want to convey with your outfit. Choose colors that align with your desired message and the occasion. 2.Harmonize Colors: Combine colors that complement each other to create a visually pleasing and balanced ensemble. Explore color palettes and experiment with different combinations. 3.Use Colors as Accents: If you prefer a more subdued look, use colors as accents through accessories like ties, scarves, pocket squares, or statement shoes. These touches can add a pop of color without overwhelming your outfit. 4.Consider Skin Tone: Take your skin tone into account when selecting colors. Certain hues may enhance your complexion, while others may clash. Experiment to find the shades that flatter you the most. Source: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/power-colors-how-use-color-psychology-your-outfits-andr%C3%A9-wilson-mba #3: Numerous examples show that leaders purposefully choose their clothing in order to shape the way they appear. Former US president George W. Bush, despite his family’s sophisticated, political background, often appeared in a cowboy hat; he signaled familiarity to his prospective
voters and imbued himself with the heroism of the cowboy narrative (Hoffman, 2011). Similarly, Steve Jobs, founder and former CEO of Apple Inc., was known to “Think different.” His playful approach to innovation carried over into his clothing style. He distinguished himself from his formal and rigid competitors by wearing sneakers and turtleneck sweaters to the company’s important product presentations (Sharma & Grant, 2011). Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0148296320307797