CopyofAPPsychSleepDisorders
.pdf
School
Cherry Hill High West**We aren't endorsed by this school
Course
PSY 100
Subject
Psychology
Date
Dec 19, 2024
Pages
47
Uploaded by MateWorld15955
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty ImagesTODAY’S AGENDA: BLOCK F11/12/24: Day 21.Videos▪How Much Sleep Do You Actually Need?▪Sleep Disorders2.Assign Sleep Essay3.Class Notes▪Recap: Sleep Theories & Sleep Deprivation▪Sleep Disorders4.CW/HW▪Sleep Disorders Case Studies
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty ImagesTODAY’S AGENDA: BLOCK D11/13/24, Day 31.Videos▪How Much Sleep Do You Actually Need?▪Sleep Disorders2.Assign Sleep Essay3.Class Notes▪Recap: Sleep Theories & Sleep Deprivation▪Sleep Disorders4.CW/HW▪Sleep Disorders Case Studies
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty ImagesLOOKING AHEAD1. Dreams▪Block F: Day 4, 11/14/24▪Block D: Day 4, 11/14/242. Sleep Disorders Case Studies; Begin Stress Unit▪Block F: Day 5, 11/15/24▪Block D: Day 6, 11/18/24
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty ImagesReminder: Laptop Computer/Tablet ANDEarbuds1.Students are expected to bring their laptop computer/tablet ANDearbuds to class everyday.2.If you need a laptop computer for daily use, please sign out a school-issued Chromebook. I can assist you. Please see me for details.
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty ImagesReminder: Leaving Class Early Last Period: Part 11.I cannot accommodate requests to leave class early last period. 2.If you need to leave early, please make arrangements with the attendance office. They will give you an early dismissal pass. ☺
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty ImagesReminder: Leaving Class Early Last Period: Part 23.Seniors:If you need to sign-out early, you must do so beforeclass starts. ▪Also…You mustsign-out with the Attendance office.
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty ImagesANNOUNCEMENT: SLEEP ESSAY▪Block F: Day 5, 12/5/24▪Block D: Day 6, 12/6/24This assignment counts as an assessment grade!You are encouraged to set a reminder on your phone to help you remember.
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.ASSESSMENT: SLEEPESSAY(DETAILS ONGOOGLECLASSROOM)Task▪Write a 5-paragraph essay (250 –500 words) answering the following question: Are you sleep deprived?
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.RECAP: SLEEPTHEORIES& SLEEPDEPRIVATIONKey Learning Goals▪Identify five theories of why we sleep.▪Describe the effects & potential health consequences of sleep deprivation.
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Musical Recap: Sleep Theories (1 of 2)1.“Adorn” (Miguel)▪“Baby these fists, will always protect you”▪Sleep Protects(evolutionary perspective)2.“Like I Love You” (Justin Timberlake)▪“I just love your brain”▪Sleep Restores & Repairs(neurons & body tissue)3.“I Love You” (Mary J. Blige)▪“All those pretty memories”▪Sleep Helps Remembering
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Musical Recap: Sleep Theories(2 of 2)4.“Strength Courage & Wisdom (India Arie)▪“I’ve got strength courage & wisdom”▪Sleep Helps Growth(release of HGH)5.“Thinkin’ BoutYou” (Frank Ocean)▪“Or do you not think so far ahead, ‘causeI’ve been thinkin’ bout forever”▪Sleep Helps Cognition (thinking)
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Video: How Much Sleep Do You Actually Need? (Formative)As you watch the video, take note of the following:1.What is the average ideal hours of sleep per night?2.How did people with a consistent 8 hours of sleep fare compared to those with 4 hours or 6 hours?3.What is sleep debt?4.How does consistently sleeping less than 7 hours affect the body and brain?
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.How Much Sleep Do You Actually Need?
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty Images
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.SLEEPDISORDERSKey Learning Goals▪Describe the symptoms, causes and treatments for major sleep disorders.▪Explain the difference between nightmares and night terrors.
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.IMPORTANT TERMS▪Insomnia▪Narcolepsy▪Sleep Apnea▪Somnambulism (Sleepwalking)▪REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD)
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Insomnia (1 of 3)1. Insomnia: difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep2.3 typesa.Onset: trouble falling asleepb.Maintenance: trouble staying asleep or waking up oftenc.Termination: wake up too early and can’t get back to sleep
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Insomnia (2 of 3)3.Symptoms▪difficulty falling asleep▪not feeling well rested during the day▪worrying about falling asleep at bedtime▪racing minds at bedtime
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty Images
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Insomnia (3 of 3)4.Treatmenta.Medication•benzodiazepines (ex. ProSom) & nonbenzodiazepines (ex. Ambien)b.Non-Medication Alternatives•relaxation and biofeedback therapy•cognitive-behavioral therapy•hypnosis•aromatherapy•yoga
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty Images
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty Images
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Narcolepsy (1 of 4) 1. Narcolepsy: overpowering urge to fall asleep that may occur while talking or standing up•Experience sleep attacks that usually last 5 minutes or less… this can mean lapsing directly into REM sleep for some people
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Narcolepsy (2 of 3) 2.Symptoms▪Gradual/ sudden attacks of extreme sleepiness during the day▪Occasional cataplexy (attack of muscle weakness)▪Sleep paralysis▪Hypnagogic hallucinations (dreamlike experiences)
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty Images
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty Images
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Narcolepsy (3 of 4)3.Possible Causes ▪Genetic▪autoimmune disease ▪related to an inefficiency of the NT hypocretin: not having enough hypocretin blocks epinephrine (adrenaline)
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Narcolepsy (4 of 4)4.Treatmenta.Behavioral changes▪Maintain a consistent sleep schedule▪Frequent naps▪Moderating caffeine intakeb.Medications▪Stimulants (Modafinil)▪Antidepressants (ex. Prozac)
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty Images
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Sleep Apnea (1 of 4)1.Sleep Apnea: stopping of breathing while asleep2.3 typesa.Central: after falling sleep the diaphragm stops moving because the brain doesn’t send impulse to control itb.Upper-Airway: breathing is blocked by loss of muscle tone in tongue, throat, larynxc.Mixed: combo of both
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Sleep Apnea (2 of 4)3.Symptoms▪frequent, reflexive gasping for air that awakens a person & disrupts sleep▪stop breathing for 15-60 seconds▪typically doesn’t remember waking up▪feels poorly rested in the morning▪snoring
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty Images
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Sleep Apnea (3 of 4)4.Possible Causes▪Being overweight or obese ▪Abnormal upper airway anatomy (including a deviated septum)▪Using medications, drugs, or alcohol▪Aging▪Sleeping on the back▪Smoking
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Sleep Apnea (4 of 4)5.Treatment▪CPAP or BiPAP machine: provides a flow of pressurized air to open your airways while you sleep. ▪Chinstrap: helps prevent mouth breathing▪Stimulant medications (ex. Ritalin)
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty Images
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty Images
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Somnambulism (Sleepwalking)1. Somnambulism: technical name for sleepwalking2.Symptoms▪occurs during deep sleep▪person gets up and walks about▪unresponsive to others▪when wakes up, no memory of what happened▪not believed to be acting out a dream but rather there is random electrical activity stimulating the areas for walking (or talking)
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.REM Behavior Disorder(1 of 2)1.REM Behavior Disorder▪muscles are not paralyzed in REM as they should be, allowing person to act out their dreams (usually the vivid, violent, intense dreams)2.Symptoms▪Talking, yelling, gesturing, flailing about, or leaping out of bed during REM dreams▪Seen more often in middle age/elderly men, sometime linked with Parkinson’s disease
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty Images
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.REM Behavior Disorder(2 of 2)3.Treatment▪Physical safeguards (ex. padding the floor near the bed▪Melatonin▪Medication (ex. Klonopin)
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.DisorderDescriptionEffects•InsomniaOngoing difficulty falling or staying asleep.Chronic tiredness. Reliance on sleeping pills and alcohol, which reduce REM sleep and lead to tolerance—a state in which increasing doses are needed to produce an effect.•NarcolepsySudden attacks of overwhelming sleepiness.Risk of falling asleep at a dangerous moment. Narcolepsy attacks usually last less than 5 minutes, but they can happen at the worst and most emotional times. Everyday activities, such as driving, require extra caution.
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.DisorderDescriptionEffects▪Sleep apneaStopping breathing repeatedly while sleeping.Fatigue and depression (as a result of slow-wave sleep deprivation). Associated with obesity (especially among men).▪Somnambulism (Sleepwalking)Doing normal waking activities (sitting up, walking) while asleep. Happens in NREM-3 sleep.Few serious concerns. Sleepwalkers return to their beds on their own or with the help of a family member, rarely remembering their trip the next morning.
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.DisorderDescriptionEffects▪REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD)Causes people to act out their dreams. Symptoms include vivid or frightening dreams, physical movements, and vocalizations during sleep.Distress to your sleeping partner or other people living in your homeSocial isolation for fear that others may become aware of your sleep disruptionInjury to yourself or your sleeping partner
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Video: Sleep DisordersAs you watch the video, take note of the following:1.What are symptoms of and treatments for Insomnia, Narcolepsy & Sleep Apnea?2.What are the symptoms of Somnambulism (Sleepwalking) Sleeptalking?
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.Sleep Disorders
Some Natural Sleep Aids▪Exercise regularly but not in the late evening. (Late afternoon is best.)▪Avoid caffeine after early afternoon and avoid food and drink near bedtime. The exception would be a glass of milk, which provides raw materials for the manufacture of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that facilitates sleep.▪Relax before bedtime, using dimmer light.▪Sleep on a regular schedule (rise at the same time even after a restless night) and avoid long naps.▪Hide the time so you aren’t tempted to check repeatedly.▪Reassure yourself that temporary sleep loss causes no great harm.▪Focus your mind on nonarousing, engaging thoughts, such as song lyrics, TV programs, or vacation travel (Gellis et al., 2013).▪If all else fails, settle for less sleep, either going to bed later or getting up earlier.
Macduff Everton/The Image Bank/Getty ImagesHOMEWORK1. Why We Sleep▪Block F: due 11/14/24▪Block D: due 11/14/242.How Much Sleep Do You Actually Need? (Formative)▪Block F: due 11/14/24▪Block D: due 11/14/243.Sleep Essay ▪Block F: due 12/5/24▪Block D: due 12/6/24