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Centennial College**We aren't endorsed by this school
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COMM 4
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Communications
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Dec 20, 2024
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1课程阶段考核学 院博雅学院课 程：COMM 171 College Communications2 ESL适 用 专 业：全部专业考 核 名 称：Evaluation2:Essay Outline Writing考 核 形 式：试卷占 比：10%起 止 时 间：Week 3-4
2The Evaluation begins here:PART 1 STRENGTHEN YOUR KNOWLEDGE Scan & highlight the article you summarized in Eval 1 “Do We Learn more from Failure or Success” by Pierson Krass. for the following: 5 DIFFERENT types of rhetoric context points：1. Who is the author?The author is Pierson Krass.2. What is the purpose of the article?The purpose is to explore whether failure and success provide more valuable lessons in entrepreneurship.3. What is the genre of the article?It is an argumentative essay.4. Can you describe the language of the article? A conversational style
35. What is the timeliness here?It was wrote in Aug23,2018.
4PART 2– DRAFT YOUR OUTLINE 1. Scan“Do you learn more from Failure or Success”by PiersonKrassLook for elements of ethos, pathos, and logos, 1Identify at least one example of each in thearticle. a)Example of ethos:“but then we sat down with Gregg Fairbrothers – a Dartmouth College grad, founder of the Dartmouth Entrepreneur Network, and serial entrepreneur – who brought some reasonable perspective.”b)Example of pathos:So do those thoughts of 1,2,3 What are ethos, pathos, and logos? - Refer to the Hand Out 4- persuasion and logical fallacies.
5“Why me? Why didn’t I get lucky?Particularly destructive can be self-doubt mixed with anger toward other people who you perceive to have gotten lucky.”“Still, it’s one thing to fail fast with relatively little capital invested, but a whole ‘nother thing when you’ve got a decent chunk of change from family and friends that goes up in a puff of smoke. And it doesn’t have to be all that much to hurt you bad.” c)Example of logos: “We don’t want to be a downer, but statistics suggest that failure does not lead to a better chance for success; in fact entrepreneurs fail at almost the same rate with their second business as their first: around 20%.”
62. Scan the article:“Do you learn more from Failure or Success”by Pierson Krass.Look for examples of “ad hominem”, “hasty generalizations,and appeals to authority.(These are called “logical fallacies”)2Identify the above logical fallacies in the articleby Pierson Krass. List examples here:a)Ad hominem example:“Damn, we failures are all worth millions in the future and didn’t even realize it! Enough. We blame the Chinese. Why? Trade imbalance? Nope. Currency manipulation? Nope. Tariffs? Nope. Because there is an oft-quoted ancient Chinese proverb: Failure is the mother of success.”2
7b)Hasty generalization example: “A pretty savvy guy involved in at least a half dozen successful startups, Fairbrothers argues, ‘When you succeed you often don’t know why. Often it is pure luck”c)2 appeals to authority examples: 1“but #1New York Times bestselling author, coach, and speaker John C. Maxwell’s book, Failing Forward: Turning Mistakes into Stepping Stones for Success, might have had somethingto do with it.”2“but then we sat down with Gregg Fairbrothers – a Dartmouth College grad, founder of the Dartmouth Entrepreneur Network, and serial entrepreneur – who brought some reasonable perspective. A pretty savvy guy involved in at least a half dozen
8successful startups, Fairbrothers argues, ‘When you succeed you often don’t know why. Often it is pure luck.’ He points out what do you learn from that except it’s good to be lucky? Whereas he believes ‘mistakes are a terrific teacher.’ ”3. Read “Do you learn more from Failure orSuccess”by Pierson KrassAnalyze the above article according to the CRAAPcriteria:3a)Does it have good currency? (timeliness) - y/nNo,it doesn’t.Because it was written about six yearsago.•When was it published? It was published in August 23,2018.•Is it still valid today? - y/n3
9Yes,it is. •Why or why not is it still relevant today? Because the article’s topic about “failing forward” is also quite popular today.b) Does it have relevance to the audience of students oryoung business start-up people? - y/n Yes,it does.•Why?Because both students and young business start-up people often meet such problems, what can we gain from success or failure, which can provide inspiration for students’ future careers or entrepreneurs.c)Does it have AUTHORITY (is it written by an expert?) -y/nYes,it does.•How do you know that it is or isn’t written by an expert? Because the introduction about Pierson Krass is anentrepreneur and the article is from Forbes“The goalis to capture the most impactful stories and solutions on the wildemotional and mental rollercoaster entrepreneurs contend with
10daily. Krass is a serial entrepreneur who at the age of 15 founded an action sports film company; then several years later an active wear clothing line; and most recently Lunar Solar Group, an e-commerce growth consultancy. Over the last 18 months he's grown Lunar Solar to 30 full-time employees and worked with 50 venture backed brands on their digital strategies. ”d)Does it have ACCURACY (does it have dates and statistics and obvious facts?) – Give examples. -y/n No,itdoesn’t.It has dates,statics and facts,but I don’t
11think it has accuracy.•What examples of dates are there that make the article accurate?It seems that there is only one date : It waspublished in August 23,2018.•What examples of statistics are there that make the article accurate? 1“For some background on this popular term ‘falling forward,’ first we googled it and got 138 million results in .58 seconds. It’s everywhere: business, personal life, pop culture, song names, book names and even a physical phenomena, among much more.” 2“but #1New York Times bestselling author, coach, and speaker John C. Maxwell’s book, Failing Forward: Turning Mistakes into Stepping Stones for Success, might have had somethingto do with it.
12All told, he’s sold like 25 million booksPopular culture and mainstream media sure make it sound like it’s OK to fail; in fact, failure is a necessity, a prerequisite for success.”3“ but statistics suggest that failure does not lead to a better chance for success; in fact entrepreneurs fail at almost the same rate with their second business as their first: around 20%.”(But the author didn’t provide where the data come from.)•What are some obvious facts that demonstrate the accuracy of the article? There are some facts like background of some famous people:“Gregg Fairbrothers – a Dartmouth College grad, founder ofthe Dartmouth Entrepreneur Network, and serial entrepreneur” and “#1New York Times bestselling author, coach, and speaker John
13C. Maxwell’s book, Failing Forward: Turning Mistakes into Stepping Stones for Success, might have had something to do with it. All told, he’s sold like 25 million books”e)Does the article have a clear purpose? -y/n Yes it does.•If you think there is a purpose, write the purpose here: The purpose is to explore whether failure and success provide more valuable lessons in entrepreneurship.4.Refer to “Do we learn more from failure orsuccess” by Pierson Krass.Use the data you have written about the sourcearticle from questions 1-3 above to outline anessay that will criticize and evaluate the sourcefrom the perspective of: persuasion, logicalfallacies, and CRAAP.Introduction: Use your summary of “Do we learn more from failure or successby Pierson Krass” as your introduction. Evaluation 1 – the revisedversion + your opinion of the reliability of the article
14Eval 1 Summary here:In “Do You Learn More From Failure or Success?” author Pierson Krass discusses theconcept of "failing forward" or "falling forward”,a popular idea in business. Heconcluded people can gain from failures,but is more beneficial to aim for smallachievements. There’ re three key points. Firstly, failure provides learningopportunities, often more than success, which can result from luck.Secondly, failurealso brings us emotional harm. Finally, small successes are also important. Inconclusion, while failure can teach us important lessons, success should always be ourgoal, and small, balanced victories are better.Write the thesis by filling the blank:“THE ARTICLE BY PIERSON KRASS IS ______________(RELIABLE, SOMEWHAT RELIABLE, NOT VERY RELIABLE) According to persuasive elements, logical techniques, and the craap analysismethods.” Fill in thisblank withone of theoptions
15(Copy and paste the complete sentences)The article by Pierson Krass is somewhat reliable.According to persuasive elements, logical techniques, and the craap analysis methods.” Body Paragraph 1 Pierson Krass uses logos, pathos, and ethos in his article. Thefollowing examples show how they affect the reliability of hiswriting.Logos example “QUOTE”“We don’t want to be a downer, but statistics suggestthat failure does not lead to a better chance for success; in fact entrepreneurs fail at almost the same rate with their second business as their first: around 20%.”Paragraph number of quote:10
16How does this influence the reader’s trust?It strengthens reader’s trust through objective data.Pathos example “QUOTE”“Still, it’s one thing to fail fast with relatively little capital invested, but a whole ‘nother thing when you’ve got a decent chunk of change from family and friends that goes up in a puff of smoke. And it doesn’t have to be all that much to hurt you bad.” 1. Paragraph number of quote:7How does this influence the reader’s trust?When you borrow a large sum of money from your family to start afailedbusiness,theauthorusesreader’sfear,anxiety,frustration,sympathy to increase the reader’s trust.Ethos example “QUOTE”“but then we sat down with Gregg Fairbrothers – a Dartmouth College grad, founder of the Dartmouth
17Entrepreneur Network, and serial entrepreneur – who brought some reasonable perspective.”2. Paragraph number of quote:4How does this influence the reader’s trust?The author relied on the words of authoritative figures to increasethe trust of readers.Write the conclusion by filling the blank: (Copy and paste the complete sentences)In conclusion, it can be seen that these elements contribute to myimpressionthatKrass’sarticleis___________________________________________.(reliable,somewhat, etc) In conclusion, it can be seen that these elements contribute to my
18impression that Krass’s article is reliable.If you cannot find logical fallacies in the article – state that – it is infavour of greater reliability.Body Paragraph 2 Pierson Krass’s logical fallacies affected my opinion of thereliability of his article.Here is an example of “ad hominem” “QUOTE” “Damn, we failures are all worth millions in the future and didn’t even realize it! Enough. We blame the Chinese. Why? Trade imbalance? Nope. Currency manipulation? Nope. Tariffs? Nope. Because there is an oft-quoted ancient Chinese proverb: Failure is the mother of success.”1. Paragraph number of quote:3
19The above example affects me in the following way: Before introducing the Chinese proverb,the author mentioned prejudice against China,trade imbalance,and currency manipulation,which are not related to the theme.And I have questioned the objectivity and professionalism of this article.Generalization “QUOTE”"“A pretty savvy guy involved in at least a half dozen successful startups, Fairbrothers argues, ‘When you succeed you often don’t know why. Often it is pure luck””2. Paragraph number of quote:4The above example affects me in the following way: Although this entrepreneur is very successful,his example is not
20representative.He oversimplified the reason for success and attributed it to luck. I question the viewpoint of article.I disagree with his idea that success is not just luck,hard work is also important.Appeals to authority “QUOTE”1“but #1New York Times bestselling author, coach, and speaker John C. Maxwell’s book, Failing Forward: Turning Mistakes into Stepping Stones for Success, might have had somethingto do with it.”2“but then we sat down with Gregg Fairbrothers – a Dartmouth College grad, founder of the Dartmouth Entrepreneur Network, and serial entrepreneur – who brought some reasonable perspective. A pretty savvy guy involved in at least a half dozen successful startups, Fairbrothers argues, ‘When you succeed you often don’t
21know why. Often it is pure luck.’ He points out what do you learn from that except it’s good to be lucky? Whereas he believes ‘mistakes are a terrific teacher.’ ”Paragraph number of quote:2 and 4The above affects me in the following way: Although the opinion is from bestselling author Maxwell and successful entrepreneur Fairbrothers,it doesn’t prove that their views are universally valid.Write the conclusion by filling the blank: (Copy and paste the complete sentences)In conclusion, it can be seen that these elements contribute to myimpressionthatKrass’sarticleis
22___________________________________________.(reliable,somewhat, etc)In conclusion, it can be seen that these elements contribute tomy impression that Krass’s article is not reliable.Body Paragraph 3 I used the CRAAP method to analyze the reliability of Krass’sarticle. Here are the results: Copy your results fromsection 3 above in PART 2Does it have good currency? (timeliness) – y/nNo,itdoesn’t.Because it was written about six years ago.a)•When was it published? It was published in August 23,2018.•Is it still valid today? Yes it is.•Why or why not is it still relevant today?Because the article’s topic about “failing forward” is also quite popular today.
23b)Does it have relevance to the audience of students oryoung business start-up people? y/n Yes,it does.•Why? Because both students and young business start-up people often meetsuch problems, what can we gain from success or failure, which can provide inspiration for students’ future careers or entrepreneurs.c)Does it have AUTHORITY (is it written by an expert?) –y/n Yes,it does.•How do you know that it is or isn’t written by anexpert? Because the introduction about Pierson Krass is an entrepreneur and the article is from Forbesf)Does it have ACCURACY (does it have dates and statistics and obvious facts?) – Give examples. y/n No,it doesn’t.It has dates,statics and facts,but I don’tthink it has accuracy.
24d)•What examples of dates are there that make thearticle accurate? It seems that there is only one date : It waspublished in August 23,2018.•What examples of statistics are there that make thearticle accurate? 1“For some background on this popular term ‘falling forward,’ first we googled it and got 138 million results in .58 seconds. It’s everywhere: business, personal life, pop culture, song names, book names and even a physical phenomena, among much more.” 2 “We don’t want to be a downer, but statistics suggest thatfailure does not lead to a better chance for success; in fact entrepreneurs fail at almost the same rate with their second business as their first: around 20%.”
25(But the author didn’t provide where the data come from.)•What are some obvious facts that demonstrate the accuracy of the article? There are some facts like background of some famous people:“Gregg Fairbrothers – a Dartmouth College grad, founder ofthe Dartmouth Entrepreneur Network, and serial entrepreneur” and“#1New York Times bestselling author, coach, and speaker JohnC. Maxwell’s book, Failing Forward: Turning Mistakes into Stepping Stones for Success, might have had something to do with it. All told, he’s sold like 25 million booksg)Does the article have a clear purpose? y/nYes it does.e)•If you think there is a purpose, write the purpose here: The purpose is to explore whether failure and success provide more valuable lessons in entrepreneurship.
26Write the conclusion by completing the sentence: (Copy and paste the complete sentences)Conclusion: According to the above analysis, I conclude that Krass’s articleis ... According to the above analysis, I conclude that Krass’s articleis somewhat reliability.(level of reliability)Please write your complete outline below:Introduction: summary:In “Do You Learn More From Failure orSuccess?” author Pierson Krass discusses the concept of "failing forward" or "fallingforward”,a popular idea in business. He concluded people can gain from failures,butis more beneficial to aim for small achievements. There’ re three key points. Firstly,failure provides learning opportunities, often more than success, which can resultfrom luck.Secondly, failure also brings us emotional harm. Finally, small successes
27are also important. In conclusion, while failure can teach us important lessons,success should always be our goal, and small, balanced victories are better.Thesis StatementThe article by Pierson Krass is somewhat reliable according to persuasive elements, logical techniques, and the CRAAP analysis methods.Body Paragraph 1: Evaluation of Persuasion (Ethos, Pathos, Logos)Topic sentence: Pierson Krass uses logos, pathos, and ethos in hisarticle. The following examples show how they affect thereliability of his writing.Point 1: The article appeals to logos by using data to establish credibility.Explanation: By presenting objective data, Krass enhances the reader’s trust in his argument.Example:Statistics show that entrepreneurs fail at nearly the same rate about 20%Point 2: Pathos are used to create an emotional connection with the readerExplanation: Krass invokes emotions like fear, frustration, and sympathy, which strengthens the connection with readers.Example: He discusses the emotional impact of borrowing money from family and losing it due to business failure.Point 3: There is ethos through quotes from experts, lending authority to Krass’s argument.Explanation: By citing successful figures, Krass aims to increase the article’s credibility.
28Example: Gregg Fairbrothers, a Dartmouth College graduate and founder of the Dartmouth Entrepreneur Network, offers insights that reinforce the value of learningfrom mistakes.Link:In conclusion, it can be seen that these elements contribute to myimpression that Krass’s article is reliable.However,just like a coin hasboth sides, this article also contains logical fallacies.Body Paragraph 2: Impact of Logical Fallacies on ReliabilityTopic sentence :Pierson Krass’s logical fallacies affected my opinion ofthe reliability of his article.Point 1: Ad hominem reduce objectivity and shift the focus from the main argument.Explanation: The author introduces stereotypes about China, which is unrelated to his argument.This detracts from the professionalism of the article.Example: Before introducing the proverb, “Failure is the mother of success,” he refers to stereotypes about China, like trade imbalances and currency manipulation, which detract from the article’s professionalism.Point 2:Hasty generalizations imply oversimplification, which may cause the reader to question the validity of the author's argument.Explanation: Although they are famous people, their views are presented as universal truths without sufficient context.Example: For instance, Fairbrothers claims that success often comes down to luck, which oversimplifies success factors.
29Point 3:Although they are famous people ,their views are not universally valid.Explanation: While their opinions hold value, they do not account for other factors contributing to success or failure.Example: Citing successful figures like bestselling author John C. Maxwell and Fairbrothers may add credibility but does not prove that their perspectives are universally applicable.Link:In conclusion, it can be seen that these elements contribute to my impression that Krass’s article is not reliable.Then,how about CRAAP analysis?Body Paragraph 3: CRAAP AnalysisTopic: I used the CRAAP method to analyze the reliability of Krass’sarticle. Here are the results.Point 1: It doesn’t have good currencyExplanation and Example : It was published about 6 years ago.Some parts of the article may not fit for today.
30Point 2: Relevance—The article is suited for students and entrepreneurs exploring failure’s role in growth.Explanation: Readers in business or personal development can benefit from its ideason learning from setbacks.Both students and entrepreneurs often question the valueof failure versus success.Point 3: Authority and Accuracy—The author’s expertise is supported, but limited data impacts accuracy.Explanation: The author provides background details on reputable figures but lacks supporting statistics and data sources.Example: Krass mentions statistics and some famous figures but lacks sourcing for some data.Point4:There is a clear purpose.The purpose is to explore whether failure and success provide more valuable lessons in entrepreneurship.Conclusion: According to the above analysis, I conclude that Krass’s article is somewhat reliability.ConclusionAccording to the above analysis, I conclude that Krass’s article is somewhat reliable. Despite its effective use of ethos, pathos, and logos, its reliance on logical fallacies and limited sources affect its credibility. The
31CRAAP analysis further supports this by revealing areas where data accuracy could be improved, although the article remains relevant for modern readers interested in learning from failure.