GEOLOGY197CHAPTER3REPORT
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GEOLOGY 197
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Geology
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Jan 4, 2025
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University of Vermont - Summer 2021Geology 197, Chapter 3 ReportProfessor Fallon, Section 5October 13, 2021John Grimké Drayton (May 1, 1816 – April 2, 1891) was a nineteenth-century planter and priest in Charleston, South Carolina. He was a horticulturalist at Magnolia Plantation and Gardens on the Ashley River and an Episcopal priest who served nearby Old St. Andrew's Parish Church for forty years.Class Date: 5/8/2024Teacher’s Note: Good flow, but some ideas need further development.REPORT CONTENT:## Conclusion (List)- == Early life ==John Drayton Grimké was born on May 1, 1816, to Thomas Smith Grimké and Sarah Daniel Drayton.- He was the second of six children.- His father was a renowned attorney and state senator whose real calling, he believed, was to the ministry.
- Pursuing that vocation, however, was overruled by his father, the acclaimed Charleston attorney and politician, John Faucheraud Grimké.## AnalysisHis mother's parents owned a large plantation west of Charleston, Magnolia-on-the-Ashley (now known as Magnolia Plantation and Gardens). His aunts were Sarah Moore Grimké and Angelina Grimké, who had left Charleston as young adults when John was still young and became noted abolitionists. == Education ==John attended the Southworth School in Charleston, and later the College of Charleston, where he graduated in 1833. He studied and traveled abroad in 1836. The following year he became a candidate for Holy orders in the Episcopal Diocese of South Carolina.## FindingsIn 1838–39 he enrolled at General Theological Seminary in New York City. On his return to Charleston, he continued his studies for the ministry under the Reverend James Stuart Hanckel, rector of St. Andrew's Parish Church just south of Magnolia, and Bishop Nathaniel Bowen. == Inherits Magnolia ==Magnolia has been in the Drayton family since 1679.## BackgroundJohn's grandfather, Thomas Drayton, had willed the plantation to his son William Henry, on the condition that he marry and produce a son. When Thomas died in 1825, and childless
William Henry died the following year, the property went to John's older brother Thomas – provided that he changed his surname from Grimké to Drayton.## DiscussionHe did, and he inherited the 1,872 acre Magnolia plantation. Thomas died in a hunting accident on the property in 1836. John heard of his brother's death while he was in Europe and returned home.## ConclusionHe was next in line to inherit Magnolia provided he also changed his surname, which he did. John Grimké became John Grimké Drayton.## AnalysisThroughout his life, he considered himself a Drayton and not a Grimké-Drayton, since he signed his letters "J. G. Drayton."## Findings (List)- == Marries Julia Ewing ==On his way to New York City and the seminary, Drayton stopped in Philadelphia to visit family.- There he met Julia Ewing, whom he fell in love with.
- She came from a prominent family and led an active social life.- The couple were married on July 9, 1840, and moved to Magnolia soon afterwards.## BackgroundThe couple divided their time between Magnolia and the Grimké family's Charleston home at 42 South Bay fronting the harbor. Today the site is a national historic landmark known as the William Gibbes House located at 64 South Battery. == Contracts Tuberculosis ==Just after his marriage John became ill with tuberculosis. Where he contracted it is unknown, although he may have picked it up in the cold, damp, crowded living conditions at seminary. His granddaughter Marie Clinton Hastie remembered that John was troubled with a "weak throat and chest".## Discussion (List)- His doctor prescribed a treatment common to tuberculosis patients in the first half of the nineteenth century: exercise and farming.- "The dilemma was frustrating and ongoing," wrote Sheila Rothman in a study of tuberculosis and its social effects, "how to reconcile an invalid's moral and medical obligations with personal ambitions and goals.- Was it necessary for those who yearned to become ministers or teachers to take up farming?"## Conclusion
That is exactly what John Grimké Drayton did. Tuberculosis plagued Drayton for his entire adult lifetime.## Analysis (List)- After he became active in ministry, he recounted numerous times that illness had limited his ability to preach, teach, and conduct worship.- The severity of the illness intensified as he aged.## Findings (List)- == Develops Magnolia's Gardens ==Drayton's treatment plan was "digging in the dirt".- He also wanted to please his new wife, who found it difficult to adjust to such an isolated, rural life after leaving Philadelphia.- His goal: "to create an earthly paradise in which my dear Julia may forever forget Philadelphia and her desire to return there."## Background (List)- Drayton's focus now became rebuilding Magnolia's deteriorating gardens and postponing his ordination.- He chose a garden format popular in the mid-nineteenth century called the Romantic style, a natural, informal approach to design and plantings.- Drayton's "picturesque" style of Romanticism, "expressed by striking, irregular spirited
forms", was a stark contrast to the formal, geometric style of nearby Middleton Place and a naturalistic expression at Drayton Hall, where "man exert[ed] control over the natural environment."## DiscussionDrayton's Magnolia became an innovative showcase for unbridled natural beauty, "which allowed man and nature to co-exist. Wildness was glorified and enhanced, not tamed." In the 1840s Drayton was one of the first people in the United States to plant Camellia japonica (Japanese camellia) outdoors on a large-scale and grow Azalea Indica (Indian azalea) outdoors.References / Works Cited:1. Wikipedia (n.d.). Retrieved from https://wikipedia.org/2. Random Book Title (2022). Academic Publishing House.