Quiz 2 Model Answers
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1CONTEMPORARY IDEOLOGIESQuiz ≠2ANARCHISM1.When did anarchism emerge as a major modern ideology?a) In classical Greeceb) In the mid-seventeenth centuryc) Simultaneously with Marxismd) During the mid-twentieth century2.Who is said to be the earliest precursor to modern anarchist thought (without using the term ‘anarchism’)?a) Zeno of Citiumb) William Godwinc) Pierre-Joseph Proudhond) Mikhail Bakunin3.Who first described themselves as an “anarchist”?a) Zeno of Citiumb) William Godwinc) Pierre-Joseph Proudhond) Mikhail Bakunin4.Who led the Anarchist Faction (Jura Federation) within the “First International” (1864-76)?A) Zeno of CitiumB) William GodwinC) Mikhail BakuninD) Pierre-Joseph Proudhon5.What anarchist term became popular in the USA, as introduced by Johann Most, around the 1870s?a) Propaganda of/by the Thoughtb) Propaganda of/by the Deedc) Propaganda of/by the Massesd) Propaganda of/by the EliteThe second In-Class Quiz tests your comprehension of the class slides and the material in Lyman Tower Sargent (and other readings) on the ideologies of Anarchism and Nationalism. There are forty questions. Students have 50 minutes to complete the quiz. All questions are worth 1 point.
26.Which famous British literary figures and artists were inspired by Pyotr Kropotkin's ideas?a) Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shawb) William Godwin and Johann Mostc) Emma Goldman and John Stuart Milld) Kenneth Branagh and Hugh Lawrie 7.In what event did anarchists march with placards critical of the Bolsheviks, with Lenin’s approval?a) The Haymarket Affairb) The London Congressc) The Russian Revolutiond) Kropotkin's death8.Which event marked the end of classical anarchist influence in European politics?a) The assassination of the Emperor of Russiab) The formation of the Free Territoryc) The defeat in the Spanish Civil Ward) The rise of Mussolini in Italy9.Which ideology is generally associated with the political rightwing and is considered a variant of anarchism?a) Communismb) Libertarianismc) Anarcho-syndicalismd) Collectivist anarchism10.Which of the following does Kropotkin’s definition of anarchism emphasize as a key principle?a) A society without any forms of organizationb) The importance of strict rules and regulationsc) Free agreements between various groups without coerciond) The need for strong centralized government11.According to anarchists, what is the primary cause of most social problems?a) Lack of governmental authorityb) Cooperation and collective effortc) The corruption of individuals in powerd) A surplus of rules and regulations12.What is the core assumption shared by all forms of anarchism?
3a)The need for a strong governmentb)The belief in the superiority of capitalismc)The idea that coercion in any form is undesirable.d)The acceptance of authoritarian rule13.What is the solution to achieving order in a society without a government, according to communist anarchism?a) Establish a powerful central authorityb) Form small, voluntary communes or collectivesc) Create a monarchy with a ruling king or queend) Implement a rigid system of laws and regulations14.In communist anarchism, how are political decisions to be taken?a) By a central government authorityb) Through elections and political partiesc) Through voluntary agreements between delegatesd) By a group of appointed experts15.Anarcho-syndicalists focus primarily on the organization of which aspect of society?a) The militaryb) Industrial sphere (and unions)c) Political partiesd) Religious institutions16.Which viewpoint within anarcho-syndicalism emphasizes the importance of workers’ control in the workplace?a) Collectivist anarchismb) Individualist anarchismc) Anarcho-capitalismd) Social Darwinism17.What is the main focus of individualist anarchism?a) The individual’s authority and control over othersb) The establishment of large, powerful organizationsc) The individual’s determination of what is right for themd) The collective ownership of good.18.Which of the following is commonly associated with anarchists?a)Green clothes and a green flagb)Blue clothes and a blue flagc)Red clothes and a red flag
4d)Black clothes and a black flag19.According to anarchist theories of education, what is a major problem with the current education system?a) Lack of discipline and controlb) Destruction of creativity and freedomc) Emphasis on traditional methodsd) Overly complex, organized system20.How do anarchists view the issue of relationships in society?a) They insist on monogamous marriages for all individualsb) They reject all forms of relationships and promote isolationc) They argue for personal choices regarding relationshipsd) They advocate for arranged marriagesNATIONALISM21.According to Tower Sargent, how do scholars typically view nationalism's status as an ideology?a)They unanimously agree that it is a full-fledged ideologyb)They believe that it is solely a "thin" ideology.c)They have contrasting opinions, with some considering it an ideology and others not doing sod)They see nationalism as a purely negative ideology.22.What does Tower Sargent suggest about the impact of nationalism on other ideologies?a) Nationalism has a positive impact on other ideologies.b) Nationalism doesn't influence other ideologies.c) Nationalism is detrimental to the development of other ideologies.d) Nationalism can affect or influence other ideologies. 23.What does Johann Gottfried von Herder (d. 1803) argue about nationalism and human identity?a)Nationalism is a recent invention of modern societyb)Nationalism is a divisive force that separates people from their individual identitiesc)Nationalism is a basic human need and contributes to people's identity by connecting them to a group with shared culture and history. d)Nationalism is an obsolete concept in today's globalized world.24.Why do Terence Ball and Richard Dagger recommend that scholars NOT treat nationalism as a distinct ideology?a) Because nationalism is a well-established ideology with clear principles.b) Because nationalism is always intertwined with various other ideologies.c) Because nationalism is not relevant to political ideologies.d) Because nationalism is a contested ideology
525.What condition, according to Michael Freeden, must be met for nationalism to be considered a distinct ideology?a) Nationalism must be the only political ideology in existence.b) Nationalism must unite behind a charismatic leader.c) Nationalism must compete successfully with other ideologies.d) Nationalism must provide answers to key political questions.26.Which of the following lies at the core of (the political ideology) of nationalism?a) Individual libertyb) Religionc) The nationd) Social justice27.Michael Freeden describes nationalism as a “thin ideology” because it:a) Is thick with complex ideas and principles.b) Competes successfully with other political languages.c) Lacks standard political concepts and solutions.d) Does not weigh very much. 28.How does Benedict Anderson describe the concept of an “Imagined Community”?a) As a community that physically interacts with each otherb) As a community formed through shared religious beliefsc) As a community that exists in people’s mindsd) As a community based on racial similarities29.According to Anderson, which key historical development played a significant role in the formation of nationalism in the West?a) The dominance of traditional religionb) The rise of print capitalismc) The growth of multinational corporationsd) The spread of industrialization30.Which of the following is described by Anderson as a major paradox of Nationalism?a) Nation states are objectively modern b) Modern society lacks nationalismc) Nationalism is philosophically richd) Nationalism is the direct cause of organized violence31.Which 14thcentury philosopher argued for “a worldwide monarchy”?
6a) Isaiah Berlinb) Johann Gottfried von Herderc) Dante Alighierid) Benedict Anderson32.According to Tower Sargent, what is the primary goal of “civic nationalism”? a) Promoting ethnic purityb) Uniting citizens under common valuesc) Celebrating diverse ethnic backgroundsd) Separating people based on ethnicity33.Which statement best summarizes the relationship between nationalism and cosmopolitanism in the text?a) Nationalism and cosmopolitanism are opposing ideologies.b) Nationalism and cosmopolitanism can complement each other.c) Nationalism is a subset of cosmopolitanism.d) Cosmopolitanism is solely built on internationalism.34.According to Tower Sargent, what important process of development have most Third World countries experienced from the colonial period to independence, according to the text?a) Gradual economic declineb) Social revolutionc) Transition to socialismd) Stages including colonialism, independence movements, and more35.What did colonial bureaucracies, composed of people sent from Europe, do in colonial territories?a) They made major decisions in the running of the coloniesb) they allowed the local population to make decisionsc) They assisted with indigenous culture revivald) They oversaw industrialization36.After colonization, in which region(s) have local/indigenous rights movements had less success? a) Europeb) Southeast Asiac) The Americasd) “Settler colonies”37.Why did one-party rule often lead to military takeovers in Third World countries?a) The military was the only center of power besides the ruling partyb) One-party rule was stable and uncontestedc) It ensured peaceful transitions of power
7d) Ethnic groups were united under one-party rule38.According to Tower Sargent, how is nationalism portrayed in the United States following the 9/11 terrorist attack?a) A strong sense of civic nationalismb) A resurgence of ethnic nationalismc) A decline in national identityd) A focus on internationalism40. According to Sinica Malesevic, what is the concept of “cumulative bureaucratization of coercion” in the context of violence and nationalism?a) The gradual increase in the militarization of societies.b) The historical process of enhancing organizational power and competence for coercive action.c) The decentralization of state control over the use of force.d) The decline in the overall organizational capabilities of states.Bonus questions41. According to Malesevic, what are the two long-term historical processes that furnish the structural conditions for the development of nationalism and organized violence?a) Centrifugal mobilization and coercive centralizationb) Microsolidarity and bureaucratic anonymizationc) Cumulative bureaucratization of coercion and centrifugal ideologizationd) Macrogovernance and ideological homogeneity42. According to Malesevic, what role does micro-solidarity play in the context of organized violence, according to the text?A) Microsolidarity is the primary driver of organized violence.B) Microsolidarity has no significant impact on organized violence.C) Microsolidarity fosters emotional dominance among perpetrators.D) Microsolidarity is important for the sense of personal responsibility and cohesion within small groups engaged in violence.END OF QUIZ.