Archaea Essays

The living organisms are classified into different groups by means of their differences and similarities. Two of the major/ most important groups are the prokaryotes (Bacteria and Archaea) and eukaryotes (from plants, animals till malaria parasites and fungi). The difference between them is that eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus, whereas the prokaryotic cells don’t. There is also a difference in their cellular structure due to the lack of chloroplast, cell wall

greater than what E. coli can handle. Regarding the conversion and production of energy, D. radiodurans has a curious feature that aligns it more with archaea and eukaryotes: a vacuolar ATP synthase protein instead of the F1F0 variant found in most other free-living bacteria. Due to partial conservation of the vacuolar ATP operon compared to archaea, scientists believe the genes were disseminated through horizontal transfer (Makarova,

Biodiversity is the differences of life on earth or in a specific location. There are three domains that consist of life in the world: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Bacteria and Archaea are both prokaryotes. Prokaryotes are single cell organisms that lack a nucleus in the membrane nor other specialized organelles. For Eukarya it consists of four kingdoms: Protists, Plants, Fungi, and Animalia. The domain consists of organisms with a cell nucleus and other organelles inside a membrane. With these

As humans, we can think of ourselves as capsules that encase trillions of bacterial cells. A vast majority of bacterial cells line our gastrointestinal tract (GI). The population of cells within the gut may be referred to as a microbiome, microbiota, and/or gut flora. The functionality of microbes is essential to human health. Moreover, it’s what determines how our bodies will function with respect to health and disease. Alike all natural ecosystems, animal (including humans) and microbial populations

SOCS structure consists of a central Src homology 2 domain (SH2), an amino end terminal which is variable and a conserved carboxyl terminal domain known as the SOCS box1,26,60. SOCS 1 and 3 also have a kinase inhibitory domain (KIR) located adjacent to the SH2 domain which is used to inhibit JAKs62,66. SOCS regulate JAK/STAT pathway in three ways. The first method is that SOCS associate with phosphorylated tyrosine residues on JAKs to prevent JAKs phosphorylating the cytokine receptor which allows

1. Introduction Bacteria form on one of the three domains by which organisms are divided. Bacteria are prokaryotic. Prokaryotes are singles celled organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. Prokaryotes are very diverse so cellular features vary widely but the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, circular DNA and ribosomes are the components found in all prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotes usually concentrate their DNA into an area called the nucleoid. Even though the structure of prokaryotic

Germ theory of disease is one of the theories in the biology field. Germ theory of disease supports that microorganisms that are germs are the cause of diseases. This theory was first proposed by Girolamo Fracastoro in the 16th century but he was not able to provide any evidence to strengthen his proposal. This theory was not accepted easily by the citizen between the 16th century to the 18th century. The pre-existence of miasma theory was the obstacle to the acceptance of germ theory during that

Prokaryotic Cells: Observing Relative Bacteria Abundance and Diversity Author: Morgan Hain Email: Morganhain@tabor.edu Formal Lab Report for College Biology Laboratory BI110-G A Date: October 10, 2017 Abstract Bacteria are living microorganisms, that are in a group all by themselves. (Nordqvist, Christian. “What Is Bacteria? What Are Bacteria?” Medical News Today, MediLexicon International, Nov. 2016, www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/157973

The Ultimate Social Network In the article “The Ultimate Social Network” by Jennifer Ackerman it states that bacterial cells in the human body out number human calls ten to one. Now, that might sound scary. However, Ackerman also states that microbiome does not threaten us but offers vital help with basic physiological processes from digestion to growth to self-defense. By recognizing microbes in the body scientists can identify the specific effects of these microbes. And by doing this they

Aim The aim of the experiments to be carried out is to determine the kinetic parameters, Km and Vmax, of Alkaline Phosphatase. Theory, Principles and Application of Principles Enzymes are a huge varying group of proteins which are needed to carry out essential metabolic functions in cells. Substrate-specific enzymes, like Alkaline Phosphatase, act as catalysts lowering the needed activation energy to convert the substrate to product. Enzymes are made up of amino-acids and amino-groups have side chains

The word ‘bacteria’ is conjugated with tiny living beings or in other words microorganisms. Bacteria are unicellular organisms or a prokaryotic organism meaning that they have no nucleus and consist of a single cell and come in all different shapes and sizes, the most common shapes are the bacillus, coccus and spirilla shapes. Bacteria don’t belong to the plant nor the animal group but belong to a group all by themselves. They are single-celled microorganisms and are only a few micrometres thick

The purpose of this lab report is to employ a myriad of skills, tools and, methods learned throughout this semester to perform the appropriate tests for the identification of the assigned unknown bacteria. Add more background information here!!! The most important tools and techniques used during this identification include aseptic technique, microscopic examination and, the use of selective and differential media. Aseptic technique is an important tool for microbiologists. It is imperative that

Bacteria is a prokaryote which do not carry the genetic material or DNA in a nucleus. Bacterium are microscopic single –celled organisms in which thrive in a range of different environments. Bacteria does not have a membrane bound nucleus as well as many other internal structures which therefore are placed under the prokaryotes. These bacteria are an important part of the world’s ecosystem. Most onject5s in the world contain some sort of bacteria. Bacteria can have both a negative and positive affect

Fungal diseases have been recently introduced into the medical field. Fungi are a part of the domain Eukarya, where it once was considered in the plant kingdom. The domain Eukarya is consistent with eukaryotic organisms that contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Fungal diseases are more difficult to treat compared to antibiotics for bacterial diseases because the fungus and the host are eukaryotic organisms. Therefore, any treatment of the fungus may affect the host too and can develop

Monera Experiments Introduction The Monera kingdom consists of two phyla, Archaebacteria and Eubacteria. These bacteria are ever present in the environment, on the most unobtrusive of objects from seemingly clean hands to healthy coughs. In suitable conditions, bacteria will grow to form colonies, which can be organized through configurations, margins, and elevations. Bacteria cells vary among three shapes: coccus, bacillus, and spirillum. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are two common

How Should the Unknown Organism Be Classified? Introduction: In science taxonomy is used to classify different organisms into the hierarchy of taxonomy, this helps separate organisms by species, genus, family, class, phylum, kingdoms and domains and allows for comparing and contrasting of different organisms. The question presented to our group was "How should the unknown organism be classified?". With this question we were presented three known cells and one unknown cell; the known cells were that

Introduction Bacteria can be found in bodies of water where it takes many different shapes and sizes. Bacteria can be found in clumps associated with a specific particulate matter. The enumeration of bacteria cannot be counted individual but by the amount of clumps it forms. When found in clumps, it is identified by a coliform in every colony. [4] Total coliforms are a type of bacteria formed from different types of sources. Fecal coliform is produced when the bacteria is fermented and incubated

Osmosis in potatoes Aim of the laboratory: The aim of this lab is to analyse the effect that the concentration change of sucrose has on the potatoes' osmosis rate. This can be investigated by using potatoes of the same shape, size and length that are placed in different beakers with different concentrations of sucrose. The potatoes must be weighed prior to as well as posterior to the placement in the beakers to measure the difference of the size, length, and eventually shape of the potato subsequent

It was a freezing day in Whistletown the snow white as paper was falling consistently. That morning a boy named flap jack was rudely awaken by his mother Bananaka. When Flap Jack woke up he saw his alarm clock dead, alarmed he ran downstairs to see what time it was, to his surprise it was 8:55 he has 5 minutes to get to school! Sprinting to his room like a cheetah throwing on his favorite blue sweater and black skinny jeans. Rushing outside throwing on his yellow Convers and running down to his school

Chiara Maddison In the article “The Ultimate Social Network,” the author, Jennifer Ackerman, writes about the human microbiome. She explains the research on this and on two specific bacteria, Bacteroides Thetaiotaomicron and Helicobacter Pylori. She also talks about how these microorganisms survive in the human body. The author starts by explaining the human microbiome and the research on it. For many years, biologists thought that the human body was able to perform all of its important functions