Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor Essays

Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina was born on May 13, 1717 in Hofburg Palace, Vienna, Austria, Holy Roman Empire. She was daughter to Charles VI and assumed the throne after his death on October 20 1740. Officially, she was Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia. She sought to improve the conditions of her people through absolute rule without tyranny. Upon her father’s death Prussia continued to invade the Habsburg province of Silesia which sparked a nine-year conflict knows

How far do sources 4, 5 and 6 agree that the Russian Campaign of 1812 ‘sealed Napoleon’s fate’? To the largest extent source 4 agrees that the Russian Campaign of 1812 ‘sealed Napoleon’s fate’. Source 5 also agree but to a lesser extent that the Russian campaign ‘sealed Napoleon’s fate’ while to the greatest extent source 6 claims that the strength of the opponent’s armies was the cause of Napoleon’s downfall. Sources 4 and 5 also agree to a lesser extent that it was the strength of the opponent’s

of religion. Although many enlightened monarchs promoted religious liberation, Joseph II of Austria bolstered this zealously. He generated the Edict of Toleration which explicitly stated that all subjects are granted to express and practice their religion freely. He demonstrated the enlightened characteristic of individual freedom. Through the rulings of Catherine the Great, Frederick the Great, and Joseph II, the enlightened notions proposed by the philosophes of the time truly came to form within

Northern Renaissance Economy After the countless struggles and deaths of the Middles Ages a rebirth in Europe occurred causing economic prosperity. This period of rebirth, entitled the Renaissance, lead to a thriving wool trade in Flanders causing the Northern Renaissance to be economically sound and even stronger than the Southern Renaissance economy. Furthermore, even the economic leader in the Northern Renaissance, Jakob Fugger, had more power and, therefore, influence than that of the Southern

Title Since the beginning of time, people have questioned the existence of an all powerful being. Most believed there were supernatural forces in play within the world, and based on these beliefs, religions were born. Some believed in many powerful persons and created religions that revolved around these gods. Others believed in one all powerful being who impacted them. Through the ages, thousands of religions were formed, all with their varying beliefs. Each religion claiming to be the true and

may not be the biggest reasons as to why the Habsburg empire fell. The first significant events that eventually led to the rise of this great empire started during the reign of Rudolph I, the Count of Habsburg. In 1273, Rudolph I was elected Holy Roman Emperor and in 1278, he “fought for and won the archduchy of Austria and the lands around Vienna” (Pelling 2). Over the many periods of its existence, the Habsburgs built a huge empire “covering about

The conqueror of the Aztecs, murder of an empire, and a kidnapper, all of these can be used to describe Hernán Cortés. Cortes 's early life steered his choices and future. The “New World” hardened and changed him. These changes helped him conquer his enemies. His achievements and legacy changed the world for the future. Cortés’s early life was what molded him for the future. He was born to an upper class family and was born around 1485 in Medellín, Spain. He was somewhat infirm

Ferdinand Magellan was born between 1470 and 1480 in Porto, Portugal. He was born into a wealthy family of Portuguese nobility. From a young age, Magellan studied navigation and sailing and worked in the royal court. As a young man, Magellan was a great soldier for Portugal. He traveled to Asia to fight in many wars and during one, his leg was severely injured. He walked with a limp for the rest of his life. Ferdinand Magellan died on April 27, 1521 in Mactan, Philippines. Magellan believed it

To begin, it is important to understand the history and jurisprudence behind what led The Court to set protections for controversial speech: the heckler’s veto. The heckler’s veto is defined by the Court as a situation in which a crowd disagrees with a speaker at an event and drowns the speaker’s message by disrupting the event. There are three elements that make up a situation leading to the heckler’s veto. The first one is a potential or actual speaker, second, an audience part of which is somehow

Giovanni Boccaccio was a Italian writer, poet, correspondent of Petrarch, and an important Renaissance Humanist. He wrote numerous notable work, and he was an important figure in the Italian literary traditions, promoting both Dante and Petrarch. Dante; was an important Italian poet, and Petrarch; was a devout classical scholar who was considered “The Father of Humanism”. Giovanni Boccaccio was born in Florence. His father worked for the Compagnia dei Bardi in 1320. His father married a

embraced rationality. Being an enlightened ruler meant allowing religious tolerance, freedom of speech, and the right to hold private property. The so-called enlightened rulers of the 18th century included Catherine the Great, Joseph II, and Frederick the Great. Joseph II ruled with more enlightened ideas than the other too but he lacked to make a long lasting changes during his reign. But to what extent did these rulers actually rule with enlightened absolutism?

“She is not even a respectable woman. She does not wear women's clothes. She is dressed like a soldier, and rides round the country with soldiers.” She is Joan of the arc as described by the archbishop from the iconic play Saint Joan, a play written in the 1920s. At the time when the story was written, it wasn’t the best era for women. It was still the post-suffrage movement. Yes, women have just obtained the right to voting, to control their own body and sexuality. And women with jobs has increased

Catholic church’s authority, people began realizing the church’s various flaws which ultimately kick-started the Reformation. Humanism initiated in Italy as of renewed interests in classical culture. Early humanist searched for ancient Greek and Roman texts and coins. They strived to learn more about this era. The

John Calvin and Calvinism John Calvin is known as the founder of Calvinism, and had lots of different opinions striking him such as “Was John Calvin the founder of Calvinism?”, “Was John Calvin responsible for Calvinism?” and “Why is Calvinism so different from modern Calvinism?” So I am focusing on if John Calvin is the founder of Calvinism or not? When defining “Calvinism”, it says Calvin’s own theology and predestination. I say that we can’t say he was the founder of Calvinism because even if

More specifically, she was born in Vienna, Austria on November 2, 1755 (4). The 11th daughter of the Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and the empress Maria Theresa, Marie Antoinette was brought up in a wealthy family and was said to be favorited by her parents (1). When she was younger, she enjoyed music and played the harp. Marie Antoinette, along with her brothers

herself, Germain spent her days in her father’s vast library, consuming novels. One day, Germain came across the legend of Archimedes’ death. It was said that Archimedes was so absorbed in studying geometry that he did not respond to questioning from a Roman soldier and, as a result, was speared to death. Germain reasoned that if someone could be so engaged in mathematics that they could become oblivious to danger, math must be an interesting subject. It was then that Germain decided to devote some serious

Absolute Monarch by forcing supreme control over the citizens of his kingdom, including the Transylvanian nobles; striking fear in the minds and hearts of those who tried to challenge him and establishing himself as a benevolent king in the eyes of the Holy Catholic Church. Vladimir III demonstrated the principles of an Absolute Monarch by using techniques that would create a reputation of fear around him. Vlad The Impaler struck fear into the hearts and minds of those who tried to oppose him to secure

To what extent was Wilhelm’s foreign policy the cause of WWI? Kaiser Wilhelms foreign policy wasn’t the exact cause of World War I, but it was one of the main causes that brought it to start. In 1888, Wilhelm II became the Kaiser of the german empire. The changes he made in the policies and style of government during the next years played a big role in the outbreak of war during 1914. Compared to Bismarck, who chose really conservative politics between the 1870s and 1880s, Wilhelm opted for a militaristic

The Roman Empire was one of the strongest, most dominant and most dynamic in the world. Rome started off as a city and due to the city’s accomplishments it lead to become an Empire. The Roman Empire was established in 27 B.C. Even after being such an overpowering Empire, there were different factors that made the Roman Empire fall apart. The Roman Empire fell in A.D 476. It took a lot of time for the Roman Empire to fall, as it took long to build such a spectacular Empire. The Empire was so vigorous

ancient Rome from 180-192AD. A steadfast Roman called general Maximus Decimus Meridius, who is betrayed when the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius’ dies. Commodus murders his dad and grabs the throne. Lessened to a slave. Maximus is defied by Commodus, who requests Maximus 's loyalty, however the general suspects his plot and can 't. General Quintus, a subordinate and old companion to Maximus, decides to take after Commodus ' requests and sends men to the Roman area of Spain to execute Maximus ' wife