Freezing-point depression Essays

The phenomenon of freezing point depression has many practical uses. The radiator fluid in an automobile is a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (antifreeze). As a result of freezing point depression, radiators do not freeze in winter (unless it is extremely cold, e.g. −30 to −40 °C (−22 to −40 °F)). Road salting takes advantage of this effect to lower the freezing point of the ice it is placed on. Lowering the freezing point allows the street ice to melt at lower temperatures, preventing the accumulation

Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to determine the molar mass of unknown #43 using the derived freezing point depression. To obtain the freezing point depression, t-butyl alcohol was placed in a cold-water bath and frozen solid for a total of two runs. Then, unknown #43 was dissolved in t-butyl alcohol and placed in a cold-water bath until frozen solid. This process was repeated for a total of three runs, with the first two runs containing half of the unknown, and the last run containing

Discussion: In this experiment, freezing point depression was used to determine the molar mass of three unknown solids. First, the freezing point of the mixture of ice and water was determined, as freezing occurs when both the solid and liquid phases pre-present together. The temperature when the ice and water mixture reached equilibrium was recorded. Then, the solution of the unknown solids was prepared and its freezing point was determined. Then the equation of molarity allowed the experimenters

Introduction: Freezing point depression is a colligative property that calculates the decrease of the freezing point when any solute is added to a solvent. When determining changes in freezing point, solute concentration is measured in molality which is moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. The concentration unit moles per kilogram is temperature independent, because mass does not vary with temperature. The decrease in freezing point of the pure solvent is proportional to the molality of the

Freezing Point Depression Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to determine the freezing point depression of ice by making ice cream. Safety Precaution: Allergy precaution! Do not touch or eat if allergic to dairy or lactose intolerant. Materials: • ½ cup of milk • ½ cup of whipping cream/ heavy cream • ¼ cup sugar • ¼ teaspoon vanilla or vanilla flavoring • ½ to ¾ cup of sodium chloride • 2 cups of ice • 1- quart Ziploc bag • 1- gallon Ziploc bag • Measuring cups • Spoons • Cups

Polar bears have a thick layer of fat called blubber which is about 11 cm thick. This also helps the bears to survive in the freezing conditions. Not only on land, but the thick layer of fur coat and blubber helps them as they spend a great amount of time swimming in the freezing waters of the Arctic. Blubber is a thick layer of fat that helps prevent sea mammals from getting too cold. Blubber in depth, is an extra digested food stored in the form of adipose tissue, which contains molecules called

BS1003 – Organic Chemistry Practical 1 Laboratory Report Name: Tristan Chan Yew Kit, U1640436J (T8) Effects of Dichloromethane(DCM) in Extraction of Caffeine from Tea Leaves Purpose To investigate the ability for Dichloromethane(DCM), a moderately polar organic solvent, to extract aqueous caffeine molecules, originating from Tea Leaves suspended in water. Introduction Caffeine, defined chemically as 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine (C8H10N4O2), is an alkaloid that can be found in tea leaves, coffee and many

Introduction: Certain species of fish are able to survive freezing temperatures in water by lowering the freezing point of water in their bodies by increasing the concentration of the dissolved solutes in their blood plasma and their tissues. Freezing point is a colligative property. The experiment provides students with experience to learn how to find the molecular weight of a solute by using their freezing point. Materials and Methods: The experiment began by gathering the materials. The materials

EVALUATION – 12 points Answer the below questions in complete sentences. a. PRECISION OF DATA COLLECTION (3 points) i. Identify if you think your error bars and standard deviations for each independent variable (each salt concentrations/ percentage) were large or small. ii. Based on the size of your

lab, the freezing point depression of water, enthalpy of dissolution, cost, and environmental impact will be discussed. A large factor in how effective a substance is as a deicer is it’s ability to decrease the freezing point of water. If the freezing point of water can be lowered, the outside temperature must be much colder to reach this new freezing point, resulting in less ice on the roads. These results a somewhat inaccurate due to the fact that when the solutions were actually freezing is difficult

Coming of age is a time when a young adolescent’s life begins; A new chapter in their lives where life will start to become a roller coaster. There will be the ups in their lives and there will be the lows. However, the roller coaster of life will not be the only obstacle that the adolescent will encounter. As problems in the young adult life come and go, the young often pray for everything to go well and when it does they believe faith has taken its course causing the Generation-Z to rely heavily

“Liar!” It is a word we constantly hear in everyday life. We are often told not to lie. Our parents have taught us since we are little to say the truth no matter what. Although telling the truth might not always be the case. In some situations, we would rather not to tell the truth to evade problems that might occur. People tend to lie when they think it has more advantages than its disadvantages. Those lies are called “white lies”. They are committed to save people’s feelings and smooth over social

Hypermasculinity is a huge aspect of each piece of literature and film that we read and watched in class. The men in these portrayals are often time shown as nonrealistic versions of men and driven purely by sexual desire, vengeance, power and greed. With this idea of hypermasculinity, the women that are shown in the literature that we have read are often made to be submissive, ‘innocent’, pure and are taught how to be silent in the presence of a male, putting their needs and dreams on the backburner

tell the story of his life-long passion for the sport. From his early life in California and Hawaii to an extend sojourn across Southern Asia and Australia, to South Africa, to vacation in Madeira (Portugal), to first San Francisco and then Montauk Point and the vicinity of New York City, while he pursued his writing

Patriots would get a few points before the Tigers would retaliate. After a long, tedious 3 sets, the Tigers were ahead 2-1. The fourth had just begun when the other team noticed a flaw in the Tiger’s positioning, and sent the ball speeding toward an open part of the court. Haley, the defensive specialist, saw the position of the opposing hitter’s arm and started running to the far right side of the court, knowing that the ball would land on the line and they would lose the first point if she did not move

on your nose. When there is too much sebum secretion from the sebaceous glands unscrew excessive oil may have some dirt or dry skin with settlement in your pores. This is a slightly dark and oily on your nose. If you do not wash your nose at this point to mitigate the open pores of the dirty oil, they harden and become blackheads. Sometimes along with bacteria, they constitute open infection called pimples. There are many ways to remove blackheads from the nose, but nothing is better. And here now

Three Cups of Tea by Greg Mortenson and David Oliver Relin is a nonfiction book that opens the eyes of others to inspire individuals to help change the world. I learned how much others in the world are truly in need. Most individuals do not realize how lucky they are. From reading this book, I am more appreciative of my family and the country I live in. These people do not live in safe countries that give them opportunities to be successful in life. It is shocking to realize how some countries governments

It contains mixed emotions for example: at one point of the novel Catherine likes Heathcliff and Heathcliff likes Catherine, however later in the novel their emotions change, Catherine begs Heathcliff to forgive her because she betrayed him by marrying Edgar, and Heathcliff is refusing to forgive saying

Clutching daggers smeared with blood in his hand, Macbeth, in the Tragedy of Macbeth, cries out to his wife, “There’s one did laugh in ’s sleep, and one cried / ‘Murder!’” (Shakespeare 2.2.30-31). In his play, William Shakespeare tells the story of a couple, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, who perform commit wicked and immoral actions in an effort to sate their ambitious desires. However, as the play progresses, they are overcome with guilt and are afflicted with terrible dreams. Through his portrayal

An artist, Marcello, is painting while poet Rodolfo watching outside of the window. They are complaining of the cold. They quickly burn the books of Rodolfo’s drama to keep warm. Colline, a philosopher, and Schaunard, a musician, appear with food, fuel, and wines. When they are having a party, the landlord, Benoit, comes to collect the rent payment. They greet him with a glass of the wine to make him drunk. When he is drunk and tells his flirtations, they push him out of their room without