Materials science Essays

The first chapter of Mark Miodownik’s book, Stuff Matters focuses specifically on the material known as Steel. Indomitable specifically focuses on the history of the usage of metals by human society on Earth and why the properties of metals, specifically steel makes it as useful as it is today in modern society. The first property of metals explained were the malleability and hardness present in metals. The ability for metals to be hardened through hammering and softened through heating the metal

fine aggregate for the production of mortar and concrete, as partial replacement of sand by Copper Slag have been identified. Several researchers have investigated the use of copper slag in the production of cement, mortar and concrete as raw materials for clinker, cement replacement, coarse and fine aggregates. This paper reports on some experimental investigations on the influence of partial replacement of sand by copper slag on the mechanical properties of concrete. M30 grade concrete was

Lab Report on the Tensile, Torsion and Bend testing of Mild Steel Nomenclature: Symbol Description Units A Area m2 E Tensile modulus n/a G Shear modulus n/a J Polar 2nd moment of area n/a L Gauge length mm M Bending moment Nm R Radius mm T Torque Nm b Breadth mm d Depth of beam mm h height mm r Secondary radius mm θ Angle of twist radians π pi n/a ϒ Shear strain mm Shear stress N/m2 Poissons ratio n/a Ɛ Strain mm σ Stress N/m2 σy

4.1.1. Definition Asbestos is a naturally occurring minerals that are resistant to heat and corrosion. Asbestos has been used in products, such as insulation for pipes, floor tiles, building materials, and in vehicle brakes and clutches. 4.1.2. Physical and Chemical Characteristics There are six types of asbestos minerals, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, anthophyllite and actinolite. Asbestos is inert, insoluble in water and

1972, Dr. Frank Werner invented a device that could substitute the air within a rock chip with a resin that could prevent a crack from developing. Over time, the science behind windshield repair evolved. Today, windshield repair is considered a favored alternative to windshield replacement in many circumstances. And although the science has evolved, the objective remains the same: to completely substitute the air within the break with an acrylic resin that will improve optical clarity, prevent further

Introduction Quenching is one of the most important heat treatment process to attain desirable properties, for example strength and hardness. Quenching means to rapidly cool a material. But this rapid cooling can cause some serious distortions in the material. In steels, the transformation phases and thermal gradients are the main causes of this distortion. It has become an industry objective to reduce this distortion caused by heat treatments. Ideally, controlling the quenching process by changing

flexible mould. The two sides fit together to form a mould cavity. With resin transfer infusion the reinforcements are placed into the mould cavity and the cavities are clamped together. Resin is then pumped into the mould, infusing the reinforcement material in the process. Once the mould is filled with resin, it is then allowed to cure. After curing, the mould halves are separated and the part removed for final trimming and finishing. RTM produces large parts like baths, aircraft parts and automotive

Question 1 Question Topic: A1 – Identification of Materials – Physical Characteristics Question: Given the Monomer Unit structure below answer the following: A: Name the plastic relating to it B: Write the density for both amorphous and crystalline (in g/cm^3) C: List 2 things commonly made with it. D: CALCULATE the molecular weight of polypropylene (g/mol) Answer: The plastic relating to the monomer structure above is Polypropylene. (PP) Polypropylene is one of the lower density fibers. The

applied to 1020 and 1080 steel. The numbered steel refers to the ASTM grain-size number. Formula 1 is used to solve for the grain size. n=2^(G-1) Equation (1) at 100x magnification Crystal structures change shapes which changes the strength of the material and its properties. The metal might become soft, brittle, hard, or ductile. The four test specimens are all made from cold drawn steel. When steel is cold drawn, the crystal structure changes and creates stress. The stress in the grains can be reduced

temperature. I will be recording the way that different types of candy bars snap/rip in half frozen verses room temperature. There are two different types of deformation, elastic and plastic deformation. Elastic deformation is when the candy or material is “springy”. It also means that when you try to bend, snap, stretch it, etc. That the object, or in my case, candy. Will go back to its original state. For example; a bendy plastic ruler. You can bend it, or twist it and it will always go back to

complex structure with a tough outer skin over a thick flexible rind covering a pulpy middle that has very little strength. Much of the drama in the video comes from the dramatic catastrophic failure of the outer layers leaving the weak interior material to be crushed and squirted about by the rapidly converging rubber

with X=20 % shows an unexpected dielectric constant of 409.71, which is around 20% higher in comparison with the CCTO. These measurements strongly suggest that the BIT–CCTO composite are good candidates for applications where one search for high-κ materials with low loss in radio-frequency range.

surface. Aerogels as a whole are made by creating a gel then extracting the solvent with supercritical fluid extraction. This leaves a very porous, low-density solid. Due to their porous nature, aerogels are considered to be the finest insulation materials available. Silica aerogels are good insulators, but will flake apart and produce dust in the Mars atmosphere. For this reason, all-polymer aerogels should be used over their silica-based counterparts. They can be created as thin, flexible films and

The Norco leg lifter This leg lifting tool offered by Norco is well-designed, easy-to-use and suitable for people with limited leg mobility. Users love the price and its effectiveness, but some do note that it’s hard to place their foot in it properly. The Norco leg lifter is made of durable aluminum, and it’s covered in 1-inch wide soft nylon webbing. There is also a 9-icnh loop foothold that easily bends to accommodate your foot, and a hand strap. The total length of this leg lift assisting device

7-1: How does balance impact visual weight? Balance refers to the even distribution of weight in a composition. In artwork that is a sculpture and architecture, the actual weight is material in pounds or kg. In visual weight, the apparent “heaviness” or “lightness” of the shapes and forms arranged in the composition. The visual balance in composition by three ways—symmetrical balance, asymmetrical balance or radial balance. The first type of balance is symmetry; there are several symmetrical balances

CHAPTER 3 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 3.1 Materials & Reagents Adsorption of Cu (II) was studied using Montmorillonite-K 10, procured from Sigma Aldrich. It is a very soft phyllosilicate group of minerals that typically form in microscopic crystals, forming clay. Its Cation Exchange Capacity, CEC was 119 meq/100 g .The elemental composition of this clay was [Al1.47Fe0.29Mg0.23][Al0.076Si3.29]O10(OH)2 as reported by the supplier. This MMT was used as such without any further purification. Tri-Octyl Amine(TOA)

Introduction: The objective for the lab was to determine properties of materials by using a tension test. The properties that were determined was Young’s Modulus, ultimate tensile strength, and yield strength. Three aluminum alloys were tested. The first was the AA 2024 , which is high strength used in aerospace applications. The second specimen was AA 5052, which had low strength, but high ductility. The last specimen used was AA 6061, which has moderate strength and is highly resistant to corrosion

purpose of this lab was to observe and record the bending stress and elastic properties multiple materials. A three-point bend is when a force is applied to the center of an object while it is supported on each side. This experiment was performed to record each material's flexural behavior so applications can be made with appropriate materials. The objective was to calculate the elastic modulus for each material tested. II. Methodology To start the lab, one measures and records the height and width

Concrete materials are still a dominant material for construction due to its advantages suchas workability, low cost and fire resistance as well as its low maintenance cost. It is formed from a hardened mixture of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water and some admixture. Massive exploration of the natural resources for producing concrete affect to the environment condition and global warning. We have responsibility to reduce the effect of the application of concrete materials to environmental

Microscope (SEM) to examine and analyze metal samples that were subject to different failure tests. These failure tests included tensile tests, impact tests, and fatigue tests. SEM’s are useful because they provide a 3D view of the surface of the material, which improves the ability to examine the failure type at a microscopic level. In addition to this, the resolving power of a SEM is much stronger than that of a standard microscope, which enables the user to obtain much more detailed images of the