Polymer Essays

Introduction: The topic for the experiment was using polymer chemistry to develop the best suitable material for a bouncing ball. Within the experiment, three chemicals were given to test for the best material. The three chemicals were chemicals sodium borate (4% m/v), polyvinyl acetate, and polyvinyl alcohol (4% m/v). Polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl alcohol are both polymers. Polymers are many molecules bonded together using the same linkage, which then forms a chain like structure1. These chain

Ergodyne Chill-Its 6710 Evaporative Polymer Cooling Dew Rag is another product from the Chill-its range. It is high-absorbing cooling towel which can be converted into a headband and headgear. This product is popular in the market with its super feature of acrylic polymer crystals which are highly evaporative. It helps in absorbing the water and sweat to evaporate it and provide cooling effects. This cooling effect in turn cools the body part where this cooling towel is used; be it head, hand, shoulder

A polymer is a class of nature or synthetic substance composed of very large molecules called macromolecules. Polymers make up materials in organisms including proteins, cellulose, and nucleic acids. (Polymer. (2014). Encyclopedia Britannica.) Polymer chemistry has impacted our society today greatly by manipulating matter to fulfill the needs of people in everyday life. Chemists have synthesized materials to possess certain properties in order to benefit mankind. In this lab, the materials used are

Polyester Fibres Indtroduction: Polyester are polymers made by a condensation reaction taking place between small molecules, in which the linkage of the molecules occurs through the formation of estes groups. Polyesters are commonly made by interaction of a dibasic acid with a dihydric alcohol: HOOC-X-COOH+HO-Y-OH OC-X-COO-Y-OCO-X-COO-Y-OCO The formation of polyester was studied by Wallace H. Carothers of du Point during the investigation of polyesters which lead eventually to the

group of biodegradable polymer that covers both specialties in the biomedical field and commodity applications. These polymers have amide and ester groups on their chemical structure which give good thermal and mechanical properties. Polyesteramides are polymers with hydrolysable backbones which able to biodegrade under particular conditions. Strong hydrogen bonding interactions between amide groups back up some typical weakness of aliphatic polyester. The properties of polymer like hydrophilic or hydrophobic

atoms, hexamethylenediamne and adipic acid (figure 1.), which give nylon 66 its name. This specific type of nylon was invented by Wallace Carothers at DuPont’s research facility on the 28th of February, 1935. Properties of this polymer that make it the best polymer suited for fishing line includes: high elasticity, high tensile strength, cheap to produce and its resistance to abrasions and chemicals in the water. Nylon 6,6 is one of the newer materials used for making fishing lines however, many

Loubani1 Reem Loubani Mrs. Dina Daher Chemistry Sunday December 25th, 2016 Plastic Synthesis Polymers are large molecules composed of smaller molecules called monomers. Polymers are found almost everywhere around you. Some of them are naturally occurring, such as proteins, starch, silk, and wool, while others, such as nylon, Teflon, and plastics, are synthesized in labs to yield important products. Plastic is a material widely known by people; it is used in an enormous range of products

At room temperature is a colorless gas with an odor similar to gasoline. It is an alkene used to manufacture rubber by addition polymerization. It has two C-C double bonds in its structure which allows the compound to form a wide variety of polymers including ABS. This compound is a toxic gas listed as a human carcinogen. Figure 2. Representation of 1.3-butadiene (mw: 54.09 g/mol) Styrene: A colorless to yellowish liquid that produce polystyrene by homopolymerization. Styrene is a derivative of

INTRODUCTION New product innovation using polymer based materials to be introduced is polymer opal apparel. The polymer opal apparel is absolutely not typical clothes because it has its own uniqueness and attraction due to the materials used to produce this product. Polymer opal apparel using polymer based materials which are spandex fibres and polymer opal. Uniqueness and advantages of polymer opal apparel is that it has an appearance in which the colour is changing due to strain, pressure and movement

We investigated phase behaviors of the mixtures of pyrene and model polymers with or without aromatic side groups. The pyrene and polymer mixtures showed two phase behaviors due to crystallization of pyrene. The melting points of pyrene crystals, which define the phase boundary of the mixtures, were conveniently identified using the DSC technique. Among the polymers employed in this study, poly(2-vinylpyridine) is most favorably miscible with pyrene and 1,4-polyisoprene is least favorable. Using

Metabolic engineered of biocatalyst: A solution for PLA based problems ABSTRACT Poly lactic acid(PLA) is a biodegradable polymer used in many biomedical as well as in packaging Applications. Conventionally, PLA is produced by two method which is direct condensation of lactic acid and ring opening polymerization. The polymer produced from these conventional methods produced polymer which have low molecular weight. Conventional methods of PLA production requires catalyst which makes it unfit for biomedical

anhydride with ethylene glycol. Due to the fact that both of these components have only two functional groups, the polymer chain is linear. As shown in Picture 1 above, the product formed from the reaction is a solid and resulted in a dark color change. The solid structure is form after cooling and the color change represented the presence of a reaction. As shown in Table 1, the linear polymer was not brittle and was not viscous after cooling. The cross-linked polyester with thermosetting properties was

that are used to form a bouncy ball in this experiment were; Polyvinyl Alcohol, Polyvinyl Acetate, and Borate. Polyvinyl Alcohol is a water-soluble polymer that is commercially used for paper and textiles products (Polyvinyl Alcohol PVA chemical Compound). Polyvinyl Alcohol is unique polymer, for it is only created with the dissolving of another polymer such as Polyvinyl Acetate, through hydrolysis (Polyvinyl Alcohol PVA chemical Compound).Polyvinyl Alcohol is an adhesive element. With the application

After adding the borax, we measured how far the slime could stretch. We hypothesized that the slime would stretch farther when more borax was added. Slime was developed in the beginning of the twentieth century during the time while synthetic polymers were being seriously studied. Slime is not the only polymeric toy that is manufactured and sold. There are many other toys similar to it being produced. While it is amusing for both children and adults, slime also helps develop dexterity and creativity

1.1. Polyesters Polyesters are the polymers that contain ester functional group in their main chain. The polyesters can be classified according to the composition of their main chain as aliphatic and semi-aromatic in addition to aromatic polyesters. Also can be thermoplastic or perhaps thermoses. All common polyesters are thermoplastics (Rosato, L. et al. 2004).According to the composition of their main chain; polyesters can be classified as shown in table 1. 1.1. 1. Aliphatic polyesters Aliphatic

Aside from this reaction, there are also two main industrial processes which are used to synthesize this polymer. Manufacturers first begin by synthesizing tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) by amalgamating fluorspar, hydrofluoric acid, and chloroform. These three ingredients are then combined in a chemical reaction chamber which is heated from 590-900 °C. The resultant gas is then cooled and distilled in order to remove any impurities. From there tetrafluoroethylene undergoes either suspension or dispersion

brown-black polymer of dihydroxyindole carboxylic acids, and their reduced forms. All melanin are derivatives of polyacetylene. There are three major types of melanin; Eumelanin (black or brown), Pheomelanin (yellow-red) and all melanins. The most common melanin is a Eumelanin which is also known as DOPAmelanin, it is a mixed copolymer of polyacetylene, polyaniline, and polypyrrole. Another common form of melanin is pheomelanin, a red-brown polymer of benzothiazine

the underlying structures through the cells. Therefore, the cells are interconnected. This type of structure is called as bicontinuous nanoporous structure: two continuous phases are the polymer matrix and air pores. Homogeneous PSU-CO2 mixture separates into two continuous phases: PSU-rich phase (i.e., polymer matrix) and CO2-rich phase (i.e., voids). Although both cellular structures are bicontinuous nanoporous, and cell size and relative density are also similar, they seem to have different morphologies

low-resilience polyurethane foam. Polyurethane are also commonly used as constituents of paints, varnishes, adhesives, and foams. Memory foam was initially referred as the “slow spring back foam” It is created by inserting and feeding gas into a polymer matrix. The foam has an open-cell solid structure that when pressure is pressed against it, it stays in that state and slowly springs back to its original shape. It is also made from a substance called viscoelastic. Memory foam was developed in 1966

Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and Bis (3-trimethoxysilyl-propyl) amine (Dynasylan 1124 ®) are provided by Evonik Industries, USA. Heloxy Modifier 65® (EEW=230) and epoxy resin (EPON 828 ®, EEW=188) are supplied with Momentive, USA. Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) is supplied by Bayer Material Science. Colloidal silica Ludox HSA is provided by Grace Davison. Brulin 815 GD is obtained from Brulin & company Inc. Mercaptanbenztriazol (MBT) (corrosion inhibitor) and all other chemicals and solvents