ISLAMIC ART
IN THE DOME OF THE ROCK
Dome of the rock
One of the most magnificent historical buildings in the world is the Dome of the Rock, it is the first Islamic monument ever constructed , and it was built between 688 and 692 by Abdu al-Malik Ben Marwan1 in old Jerusalem next to Al-Aqsa mosque.
Despite what has been said that the dome of rock is a mosque, the real purpose behind building this extraordinary landmark was to protect and cover a sacred piece of rock3 which prophet Mohammad journeyed from to heaven in the night1 journey of Isra and mi ‘raj, it is also believed that this holy place witnessed many other events related to other religions too , therefore, this beautiful piece of architecture is important to both Muslims and Jews
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Islamic art is an over 1.300 years old art that has grown over many years, this art doesn’t reflect Muslims culture and their religious beliefs only, unlike other arts, it is the name of any art was produced in the countries were Islam was the main religion there. There are two things that Islamic arts are known for the most, geometric and vegetal patterns9, which called Arabesque , also, one of the most famous Islamic art of all is Arabic Calligraphy9, which based on Arabic letters that are collected together and arranged into magnificent masterpieces.
On the other hand, Byzantine art was found in the late antiquity period, from about 300-8009, when Roman Empire was divided into two halves, Rome and Byzantium, and Byzantium was announced the capital of the empire9. This art is mainly related to church and Christian beliefs, it is seen in the mosaics and the sculptures they made, in addition to the marble columns as
The history of the Byzantine Empire and Western Europe were different during the third wave civilizations. The way they were different is that by the Byzantine Empire had a different form of political government were at the western Europe government all collapsed in the fifth century. The Byzantine empire also had a greater control over their churches and their long-distance trade networks. There were many trajectories
This split formed a rivalry between Islam and Byzantium. Also during this time period, Persia is thriving to the west of the Byzantine Empire. These three clashed over a period of time, but Islam’s rise, mainly its military and political dominance, gave it a foothold over the competition. Islam was able to conquer both the Byzantine and Persian empires after the Roman-Persian wars left both empires crippled. This created an Islamic powerhouse in which the spread of Islam was easily facilitated throughout
Muslims discovered Arabic numerals and cultivated those numbers into the place-value system, simple math, and algebra (Doc 4). These developments made it much easier to do calculations for architecture. For example, Muslims created buildings, such as the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, with large structural features, like the dome and the pillars, complemented with smaller, more intricate designs, like the colorful mosaic art (Doc 7). Europeans drew inspiration from these buildings when creating their own palaces and churches, using similar attributes, including the golden dome, to indicate importance, and the art, to aesthetically please. Even today, we see buildings with similar structures and features.
Response Paper 1 Justin Chau For my research paper, I am going to two about two types of art throughout certain time periods in history. What I am going to compare and differentiate are types of art within the Prehistoric time period, and the Roman time period. Within time periods in general, there are artworks that are relevant throughout their existing time period, and picked up later in future generations, where people can learn about their past cultures and various types of art. For the first time period, the Prehistoric period, it includes the Paleolithic culture and its art. It is divided into three parts.
The societies of the early medieval West and the Byzantine Empire are like that of feuding siblings. Both areas originate in the Roman Empire, but different greatly in their beliefs. While the Byzantine Empire would last into the 15th century, the medieval West would set the stage for the long lasting Holy Roman Empire. The early medieval West was a direct result of the fall of the Western Roman Empire.
There are similarities and differences between Islamic, Byzantine, and Western European Societies for the roles of religion and the way of the political organization. Byzantine and Western European Societies both had a role of religion that eventually ended up being Christianity. In Islamic societies, they had a religion that is Muslim, and the political organization was primarily based on religion by following the leader Muhammad and the sacred text Quran. The similarity in the role of religion Christianity and Islam religion had is they both believed in a sacred text even though it is a different book, they both have a concept of Jesus Christ, and they both went to place to pray in a place of worship. Byzantine political organization went
Some primary reasons to study the Byzantines are because they protected the differentiating religions in the world, was the base of our law today, and preserved important information from further in history. In Document A, it states, “Had the [Arabs] captured Constantinople in the seventh century… all Europe - and America - might be Muslim today.” Additionally, in Document C, it explains how the Christian Orthodox Church that the Byzantines practiced is a lasting cultures still practice all over the world: 75% of Russia is Christian Orthodox. This shows that the Byzantine empire was part of the development of the different religions in our world today. With so much of our population practicing and believing in the religion that the Byzantines
The major similarity of the early iconoclasm and the Islamic iconoclasm is the destruction of images that they feel are against their religious beliefs. The major difference is that the early religious leaders did not destroy everything without thinking and they did not rejoice in the destruction of
In holding off the various attacks, the Byzantines kept Western Civilization Christian instead of it being converted to Muslim. The Christian Church of Constantinople and the Christian Church of Rome also split due to an argument over some spiritual interpretations of the Bible. If it was not for the Byzantines most of Western Civilization would be Muslim and not Christian.
Both empires’ economies were very different. The Byzantine became one of the wealthiest empires ever, while the Western economy was an agricultural based with little trading with
While the controversies in the Byzantine Empire were about religion and government. Also the controversy at the high school had a lot more opinions present for the school name and mascot. While in the Byzantine Empire there was usually only 2 opposing
Different combinations are possible, although the combinations of time/dynasty and technique or the other way around, are quite prominent in museums. Islamic art departments that are part of a larger museum face different taxonomy challenges as it needs to be coherent with the other departments. A museum only containing Islamic art has in such cases more freedom to play around
Islamic art includes the visual arts, which was created in the 7th century to this point ahead; by people who lived in lands that were occupied by or ruled by traditionally Islamic populations. Therefore, it is very hard to describe visual arts because it covers countless fields and assorted inhabitants from above 1400 years ago. Islamic art is not exactly an art of a specific religion or time or a place. Islamic architecture is a huge field, which is subjected to a different article, departing fields, as varied as calligraphy, painting, glass, ceramics, and textile. Islamic fine art is not all limited to religious fine art; however, it includes all the art of wealthy and diverse sophistications of Islamic areas.
The Islamic religious art differs from art in the west because it prohibits figural art in a religious context. This meaning they exclude human and animal figures. Traditional Muslims frown upon the use of human figures in a religious context. This is because they believe that it causes competition with Allah (God). Attention is focused away from the human figure, and given to geometry, vegetation, and writing.
Why Byzantium? Byzantium is ‘an undertheorised field as well as an understudied one’ (Cameron, 2014, p. 6). As a result there are several interpretations around it, which give rise to ambiguity. This ambiguity mainly derives from diverse and mutually different explanations of (a) the origin(s) of Byzantine culture and art and (b) Byzantium’s contribution to the formation of Europe (including its contribution to the formation of modern European nations and boarders and also, its influences to the construction of modern European identity).