Introduction
13th is Avan DuVernary’s documentary produced in 2016 which explores intersection of justice, race and mass incarceration in the United States. It is named after slavery was prohibited and the slaves freed through the thirteenth Amendment of the United States constitution which was resolved by the house of the representative and the senate in the Congress assembly. The amendment stated that, “neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for a crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdictions.” The video starts by showing an African man imprisoned and others being arrested for imprisonment by the police. It shows how racism
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It also explores the minority poor demonization to serve political ends contributing to minority unrealistic fear by the whites and to persistent police brutality problems against the minority communities. Videos taken by bystanders and by use of cams worn by officers and some placed in police cars show how the unarmed minorities were fatally shot by the police in minor confrontations in the 21st century. The film end with a graphic of recent videos of blacks’ fatal shooting by the police.
Questions
1. What does the 13th Amendment mandate, and what are the exceptions
The amendment allowed imprisonment of one only if the person has committed a crime that deserves punishment. It was against enslavement of the minorities and racial discrimination. It gave every American his right as a United States citizen.
2. According to Ehrlichman, what was the "War on Drugs" really about?
The “War on Drugs” was about formulation of policies that will discourage production, distribution and consumption of illegal drugs. The Republicans were really fighting against the trade of illegal drugs. They wanted to see it come to an end because they saw it a great public enemy. The United States president Richard Nixon in 1971 declared drug abuse a number one public enemy during his message to the Congress on dug abuse control and
There are many open wounds in the African-American community that have not healed what so ever. Disintegration of family structures in the African-American community has been a persistent problem for far too long. High out of wedlock birth rates, absent fathers, and the lack of a family support network for many young African-Americans have led to serious problems in America's urban areas. The persistence of serious social problems in inner-city areas has led to a tragic perpetuation of racial prejudice as well. African Americans still face a litany of problems in the 21st century today.
Eric Foner stated that the arching principles of the 14th Amendment are all people are entitled to "equal protection of the laws", state and federal citizenship for all, irrespective of race and origin, ensured "privileges and immunities” and the concept of the "due process of the law" (572). Through these principles, the 14th Amendment revolutionized the dynamics of freedom in the United States. Prior to the passage of the Amendment, former slaves were still not only considered to be lesser citizens by their former masters, but were also treated in a manner that reaffirmed this perspective (Foner 570). This mentality was rife among White Southerners, which is unsurprising considering that slavery is an institutionalized system that supported the South’s agrarian society and economy. The mindsets of White Northerners were markedly different to that of their Southern countrymen, largely because of the North’s inclination towards industrialization and globalization (Foner 561).
Former President Reagan used the FBI and DEA to assist local law enforcement to fight the "War on Drugs". However this help fueled
Chapter 15: What was the Wade Davis Bill? Answer: The Wade Davis Bill was developed by Representative Henry Winter Davis and Senator Benjamin Wade in order to establish Reconstruction in the Confederate States, which were against the freeing of African Americans. Under this bill, supporters of the Confederacy were required to swear allegiance to the United States in order to be allowed into the Union once again. Most important of all, it abolished slavery.
Restrictions and the Prohibition became a thing and many people in the late 19th and early 20th century were questioning the objections to non-medical usage and it soon became a hot debate. Drugs were used for everyday use within industrial workers and laborers. Drugs today are either known as Licit or Illicit ones because we know which ones are actually okay to use in everyday life and then the ones that hurt people. Caffeine is used today worldwide, and it is legal, but only some of the drugs are this way. We still have the illicit drugs that will always be that way such as cocaine and meth.
The 6th amendment of the constitution is not an amendment to be over looked but one to be thoughtfully used in all persecutions. This amendment was ratified for various reasons which are not very understandably simple. Many issues were held in the upcoming years before this amendment was ratified, but what exactly were the issues? American citizens have a great and unbounded benefit from this amendment which cannot be taken away. This amendment grants American citizens rights in many ways.
The truth is no one regardless of race deserves to be mistreated by the police. The reality is that citizens did not merely prefer to live in neighborhoods with poverty-stricken housing arrangements, underperforming schools, substructures that are collapsing by the minute, few grocery stores that provide healthy options, and proper medical care. There were many factors that shaped those neighborhoods such as white departure, the black breakout of wealthier black citizens, no investment within the community, slack business loaning systems and government strategies that are allocating groundwork and public transport to certain parts of cities and not others locations. The people that are living in those communities, even at times stuck in those communities make decisions that are not the best for them or those connected to them. These decisions are made within that environment for the sake of survival.
8th Amendment The Eighth Amendment is a very surprisingly important amendment that is commonly forgotten. This amendment was necessary, and more shockingly needed than expected. It was against the need and use for excessive bails or cruel and unusual punishment.
The film 13th directed by Ava DuVernay targets an intended audience of the Media and the three branches of the United States government with an emphasis that mass incarceration is an extension of slavery. It is intended to inform viewers about the criminalization of African Americans and the United States prison boom. 13th uses rhetorical devices in its claim to persuade the viewers by using exemplum in the opening seconds of the film. President Barack Obama presents statistics, saying “the United States is home to 5% of the world’s population but is home to 25% of the world’s prisoners.” Also the film uses a hyperbole in talking about the movie Birth of a Nation produced in 1915 which portrays a black man as a violent savage who will kill white women.
13th is a documentary by Ava DuVernay and Spencer Averick on the intersection of race, the American justice system, and the incarceration rate in the United States. It was officially released in 2016, and is titled after the Thirteenth Amendment in the U.S., which led to the freedom of slaves and prohibited slavery. 13th touched on many aspects of the suppression of African Americans, the war on drugs, Jim Crow laws, and the race inequality in the American prison system. The documentary started off by stating that the United States has 5% of the world's population but 25% of the people in the world who are currently incarcerated. To many people today, the 13th amendment was a great deal because it freed slaves but what we fail to realize
The “13th” is a documentary about the American system of incarceration and the economic forces behind racism in America especially in people of color. One of the claims that the author mentioned is that today incarceration is an extension of slavery. It is also mentioned that most of the time in society we are defined by race. In the documentary, we can see how African Americans are sentenced for many years since they are too poor to pay their fines or sometimes most of these people plead guilty to get out of jail fast. However, African Americans are separated from their families and also treated inhumanly in prisons just because they are of a particular race.
The use of narcotics like cocaine, claimed many lives and earned widespread coverage by media and news. Following this Nancy Reagan began the “War on Drugs”, a campaign to combat pre-existing drug usage and prevent future
Synthesis Research Paper Everyday growing up as a young black male we have a target on our back. Society was set out for black males not to succeed in life. I would always hear my dad talk about how police in his younger days would roam around the town looking for people to arrest or get into an altercation with. As a young boy growing up I couldn’t believe some of the things he said was happening. However as I got older I would frequently hear about someone getting killed by the police force.
Police brutality remains a common yet controversial topic around the world. Police brutality is “the use of excessive and/or unnecessary force by police when dealing with civilians” (thelawdictionary.org). It’s a topic that segregates communities and makes each other their enemy. Specifically, a white officer has been the enemy of the black community. Unfortunately, the tension between police and blacks grew over the past few decades.
Some may not be too familiar with the war on drugs and the effects it has had on the society we live in. The war on drugs was started by the Nixon administration in the early seventies. Nixon deemed drug abuse “public enemy number one”. This was the commencement of the war on drugs, this war has lasted to this day and has been a failure. On average 26 million people use opioids.