Investigable Question
My investigable question for the LJOC experiment was how does the pH level of the water in the jars affect the population size of protozoans? pH level, is a scale that measures the concentration of hydrogen ions. On the pH scale, somewhat surprisingly, 7 is neutral—not 0, and anything higher than 7 is basic, and anything lower than 7 is acidic.
Background
When we (Maleek and I) setup the experiment, which involved 3 jars, we weighed some grass and put some of the grass into each of the jars. We then began to experiment combining water with vinegar (which we knew had an acidic pH around 3), and later with baking powder (which we knew had a basic pH around 9), to find the mixtures for a pH of 5 and of 9. We knew that pure
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To start off, I can use a fact I have in my background knowledge—that disinfectants, cleaners, and bleaches all have a high pH (between 9 and 12)—to make sense of the dead bacteria and missing protozoans. Disinfectants, soaps, and cleaners are all used to kill off bacteria and common germs. Because pH9 is around the same pH as disinfectants, soaps, and cleaners, the dots we observed were most likely exactly what we thought them to be; dead bacteria. This all makes sense, because we know what is supposed to kill off bacteria has the same pH, so maybe anything with such a pH will kill off bacteria. Also, it makes sense that one result of this would be that the protozoans disappear, or even die. In the LJOC ecosystem, the relationship between protozoans and bacteria is a predator and prey relationship. This means that protozoans are the consumers, eating bacteria—the producers—for food. If their aquatic habitat has a higher pH than 7, then the effect disinfectants have on bacteria will likely happen; the bacteria will die. This means that the protozoans would have a shrinking food source, which is an important limiting factor that has quite a considerable effect on the carrying capacity of the population of protozoans. This explains the missing protozoans, and the appearance of unmoving bacteria—replacing the usual moving, gray swath. This makes me think that pH9 did not directly kill off the protozoans; it simply killed off their food, lowering the amount of protozoans that could be fed in the habitat. I think that this explains the lack of anything living big enough to be seen, like nematodes, because everything in the food chain that size collapsed; all of the protists probably all died, and so did the fungi, such as mold, that weren’t able to decompose of the dead protozoans and other organisms. Also, the deaths of the protozoans in pH5 make sense, because acids, such as gastric acids (found in the
The average HCl concentration of the three trails is = 0.098 M 2. Question 2: Experiment 2: The acidity and vinegar, the type of vinegar we used was Kroger distilled white vinegar, and the acidity of the vinegar was 5% Trails Dilution of original vinegar solution. Volume of
Our group found a total of 3 critters in group 3. Throughout this experiment we found many different types of critters. Some of the critters we found are Gilled Snails, Stonefly, Water Penny, Scud, Crayfish, Pouch Snails, and many more. Since the creek is not polluted, many critters can thrive there. Another experiment we did was the Eutrophication test.
In this experiment, we cultivated an unknown specimen containing two microorganisms. The purpose of this experiment was to use a variety of biochemical test previously learned in the lab to identify the unknown bacteria. The identification of unknown bacteria is a major part of microbiology. Microbiologist observe samples such as blood and sputum in the laboratory for the presence of microorganisms. Identifying unknown bacteria is extremely important in clinical settings because it helps physicians find treatment for infections.
Procedures In this experiment, an unknown mixture was given, that contained both sodium bicarbonate(NaHCO3) and sodium chloride(NaCl). The purpose of this experiment was to find the percent (%) composition of the sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride in the unknown mixture. Hydrochloric acid(HCl) and a scale were materials that were also used during the lab.
And the smallest zooplankton (called micro‐zooplankton), fell by about 90 percent.” Finally, dissolved oxygen in the river dropped by 15
Introduction: Transforming a gene or genetic information from one organism into another with the hopes that if done successfully the organism with the new DNA will be given new traits is a method known as genetic transformation (Rafter). Genetic transformation is used quite frequently in today’s world, form medicine to agriculture. In this lab we will be inserting a gene into an Escherichia coli bacteria with the help of a plasmid. Escherichia coli bacteria also known as E. coli, is a bacterium that is rod shaped and contains flagella to help it move.
Use the evidence provided by the tests to identify the mystery powder. The mystery powder (#5) is the baking powder. My partners and I figured this out because the physical and chemical properties of both of the substances are very similar. For example, both powders are not soluble in water, and they both turned red when they reacted with the universal indicator.
This was proven partially correct, because the algae showed signs of greenness for two weeks after we added the pollutant, but began to die off in the third week of our experiment. Furthermore, the amount of algae seemed to decrease, which was very surprising. As a matter of fact, this also happened to several other containers of algae, such as Positive Control and Carbonated Beverage. The amount of algae seemed to decrease, which was strange because we never removed the algae from its container.
I organized four different tests; pH paper, alkalinity tests, the number of rocks neutralizing acid, and the number of rocks that don’t neutralize acid. The average for pH paper was seven. The pH is the numeric scale used to specify the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. The pH scale measures acidity and alkalinity. the pH scale goes from zero, which is an acid reading, to fourteen, which is an alkaline reading.
3. Upon adding 20 drops of NaOH, a white precipitate was formed signifying acidic impurity. In the second NaOH mixture, about 20 drops were administered and no precipitate formed indicating that the ample is more pure than before. Data: Weight of flask = 75.10 grams Weight of the flask with solids =
Weighed 1 gram of NaC2H3O2 and mixed it with ionized water. Boiled 12 mL of 1.0M Acetic Acid added into a beaker containing the sodium carbonate on a hot plate until all the liquid is evaporated
Everyone knows the simple and easy experiment of vinegar and baking soda, but do you really know how it works. This paper will not only explain what makes these two very different chemicals react, but also what materials you will need to accomplish this easy science experiment. Baking soda and vinegar are two different chemical with two very different uses, they are not really even supposed to be used for a science experiment, take vinegar for example, some individuals use vinegar for cooking. Baking soda has a very different use, it is used for bee-stings. When vinegar and baking soda are combined, the hydrogen ions in the vinegar interact with the sodium and bicarbonate in the baking soda.
Commercial vinegar, Yamaha brand 0.1 mol/dm3, NaOH soloution Phenolpthalein indicator soloution (50.00 ± 0.5 cm3 ) cm3 burrete (250.00 ± 0.5 cm3) volumetric flask a (250 cm3± 0.5 cm3)
Ever since the industrial revolution commenced, around one third of the carbon dioxide released by human interference has been absorbed by the ocean, which is one of the reasons of the drastic change in climate as well. Without the ocean absorbing carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide n the atmosphere would be drastically higher, with possibly increasing the levels of climate change. The point of the research is to see how will the pH affect the organisms in the marine ecosystem and does carbonation affect an organism’s mass and form. Many organisms that are part of the marine food chain are going to be affected by ocean acidification due the levels of acidity deteriorating the calcium carbonate within the animal. It turns out
Well, short answer is that it doesn’t confirm anything. The water is so saturated with salt that anything that could survive would have to be an extremophile. This isn’t hard to imagine considering on earth we are aware of bacteria living in hydrothermal vents and radioactive waste disposal sites. It certainly is an exciting discovery, but like most great scientific breakthroughs,