Child psychology, also called child development, is the study of the psychological processes of children and especially, how they develop as young adults and how they differ from one child to the next. It basically tends to map onto children’s physical, cognitive and social/emotional development. Psychologists attempt to make sense of every aspect of child development, including how children learn, think, interact and respond emotionally to people around them and understand emotions and their developing personalities, temperaments and skills. It also includes how individual, social and cultural factors may influence their development. Child study is of comparatively recent origin. Notable psychologists namely Sigmund Freud, Melanie Klein and …show more content…
The book ‘Dibs in Search of Self’ examines the effectiveness of play therapy on a boy, Dibs. It chronicled Axline’s therapeutic relationship with a five-year-old boy who appeared withdrawn and uncommunicative. Dr. Axline writes from her viewpoint as a therapist, after helping Dibs. The book records the weekly play therapy sessions of Dibs with Dr. Axline and describes Dibs’ behaviour and demonstrates how Dr. Axline used reflective listening and allowed Dibs to discover himself and his responsibilities. Dr. Axlines’s style is formal and each chapter describes the play therapy session or event. The book reflects the activities of Dibs captured by Dr. Axline and how she was engaged with Dibs and her subject matter. The basic theme outlined by Dr. Axline is how play therapy can help a child psychologist to help the child who has been in isolation lead to his self-discovery. The book holds that through self-knowledge one gains valuable life experience and grows as a complete new human being. The book is important because of its contribution to play therapy. Although, it also tells the story of how Dibs goes from being thought “retarded and hostilely rejecting” to being a “brilliant boy”. “Dibs in Search of Self” is an inspirational …show more content…
In the book Dibs in Search of Self, Virginia M,Axline brings forth that it is very important to pay attention to the psychology of children in today’s world and they should be supported emotionally and mentally by their parents. She also portrays the way in which the play therapy sessions should be conducted. The play therapy session depends both on the therapist and the child and that every moment and step during the session is essential for child. The book is an educational and heart- warming therapeutic tale of child psychology. Dr. Axline maintains her emotional distance from Dibs but understand him with patience and helps him to be confident, responsible and
David Small is now a very successful child picture book writer who also illustrates his own works. Reading one of his books, one would not guess the horrors that was his childhood. He writes and illustrates with elegance and expression, something that was forbidden for his first fifteen years. Through the help of the psychologist, David Small was not only able to turn his life around, he was able to even have a positive outcome to a very negative
" Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 61.2 (1993): 335. Summary: Ann S. Masten, in the article, “Children in
T2: Children and Young People 's Play and Learning Play is when a child or anyone for that matter can be inventive, creative and be free to do what they want during play. They can do what they think when playing, getting across the way they feel. Play is possibly the one main process which can let your imagination roam freely and forgetting about reality. I will also be discussing theorists and their theories associated with play, evaluating and assessing it 's effect on practice. Children are greatly affected by their play, as it can increase their holistic development and general everyday skills.
“The way a parent utilizes parenting skills is a critical factor in a child's emotional growth” (“Lifespan Development.”). The author uses an example of using a game called the “tantrum game.” Kazdin applies this “tantrum game” to show parents that with just “tone,” a child can change their behavior without
Introduction Developmental psychology makes an attempt to comprehend the types and sources of advancement in children’s cognitive, social, and language acquisition skills. The child development theories put forward by both Jean Piaget and Erik Erikson have had substantial impacts on contemporary play therapy. In this essay, I aim to highlight the contribution of these two theorists in their study of various developmental stages, the differences and similarities in their theories, and their contributions to the theory and practice of play therapy. Jean Piaget
In order for Oxana to be taught the correct behaviour and basic education, she may require intensive care by a psychologist for a few years before she is placed out in the society. In order for Oxana to overcome her mental issues from her experience, she may require extreme counselling. In order to assist in the development of Oxana’s socio-emotional development, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) may be used. CBT may assist in the development as the stimulation, parental nurturance and sufficient nourishment which are the essential elements in the brain that may assist in the growth of Oxana’s
As children’s experiences and knowledge are often communicated through play, it becomes an important vehicle for them to know and accept themselves and others. One of the most common types of play therapy for children is child-based therapy, in which a therapist and a child work alone. This is often used if there is a concern about the parents or abuse in the family, but can also be done simply to make the child feel more comfortable. It can be used to treat behavioural problems, anxiety, Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), autism, and the effects of abuse.
Child development is an area of significant interest to professionals who deal with children on a daily basis. It is through child development theorists and their theories that we begin to form an understanding of how children develop emotionally and socially to become fully grown adults in society with a moral and emotional compass/. Teachers need to study child development in order to provide developmentally appropriate educational experiences for children. Health professionals also need to understand this area to support children in their physical, social, emotional and cognitive journey to becoming functioning adults in society. Childhood is a concept that is affected by social context and also by history. Here in the West childhood was not always considered to be a fundamental developmental phase in life with children in Victorian times working from as early as the age of four.
Psychoanalysis was first introduced by Sigmund Freud and is now known as classical psychoanalysis. The theory, as defined by Sigmund Freud, is the dynamic between underlying forces that determine behavior and personality. He stressed the importance of human sexuality, childhood experiences, and the unconscious processes. However, his theory was seen as misogynistic and narrow focused. Consequently, classical psychoanalysis was criticized and rejected by many scholars.
“The child, it is true, plays by himself or forms a closed psychical system with other children for the purposes of a game; but even though he may not play his game in front of the grown-ups, he does not, on the other hand, conceal it from them.” (class notes). The Rocking Horse winner, when analyzed through a Psychoanalytical perspective, it is clear that the theories regarding the Oedipus complex, the different zones of the psyche, whereby it be Id, ego or superego and the way in which infantile behaviour can be explained, are all major elements in this text. These elements are put forth to help better understand the way in which our psyche works as well as why decisions are made the way they are and the consequences there
Notable psychologists namely Sigmund Freud, Melanie Klein and Anna
In the contemporary times, great importance is given to the significance of early years of a child’s life. It is widely acknowledged now-a-days that the early childhood years are a predominantly receptive phase in the developmental process. This stage is responsible to lay a foundation in early days and later years for cognitive functioning, learning process, physical wellbeing, and self-regulatory capacities in both personal and social lives. In simple words, “the period from birth to age 5 is one of opportunity and vulnerability for healthy physical, emotional, social, and cognitive development” (Karoly, Kilburn & Cannon, 2005). However, it is also a fact that many children go through several stressors during their developmental years due to which their healthy development may be impaired.
As humans, all of us are entitled to human rights and children are entitled to their own rights. This comes in the form of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC, 1989) as world leaders recognised that people under the age of 18 might need special care and consideration. Under the CRC, the articles listed recognised the child’s rights to various issues such as the “inherent right to life” from Article 6.1 and the “right to freedom of expression” from Article 13.1. It even recognises the “right of the child to rest and leisure, to engage in play and recreational activities appropriate to the age of the child” as seen from Article 31.1. This signifies the importance of play in a child’s life. There are many theories that support play as a way for the child to develop socially, cognitively and emotionally.
Introduction Developmental psychology makes an attempt to comprehend the types and sources of advancement in children’s cognitive, social, and language acquisition skills. The pioneering work done by early child development theorists has had a significant influence on the field of psychology as we know it today. The child development theories put forward by both Jean Piaget and Erik Erikson have had substantial impacts on contemporary child psychology, early childhood education, and play therapy. In this essay, I aim to highlight the contribution of these two theorists in their study of various developmental stages, the differences and similarities in their theories, and their contributions to the theory and practice of play therapy.
Introduction Sigmund Freud is the great theorist of the mysteries of the human mind and a founder of the psychoanalysis theory which was formed in the 1800s, the theory is well known for accessing self-identity and the self in different ways in order to discover their different meaning, (Elliott, 2015). Buss (2008) states that Sigmund’s theory of Psychoanalysis offers a unique controversial insight into how the human mind works in a way that, this theory provided a new approach to psychotherapy, thus it means that it provided a new treatment for psychological problems that even highly qualified doctors couldn’t even cure. (Buss, 2008) According to Cloninger (2013), Erik Erikson on the other hand is the founder of the psychoanalytic-social Perspective which is mostly referred to as psychosocial development theory, Erikson became interested in child development when he met Anna Freud and he trained in psychoanalysis and with his Montessori diploma, he become one of the most influential psychologist of the 20th century.