Lead Acid Batteries:
Lead acid batteries are a matured and established technology and can be designed for various uses such as bulk energy storage or for rapid charge/discharge [6]. There are some lead acid batteries that are referred to as deep discharge batteries. These batteries are capable of reaching a SOC of 0%, although most lead-acid batteries avoid a full discharge as it will greatly increase the batteries longevity [16]. Lead acid batteries have many advantages, some of these of can include its reliability, tolerant to abuse, ease of purchase, ability to deliver high currents, tolerance to overcharging, can be left on trickle or float charge for prolonged periods [7]. The disadvantages that come with lead acid batteries is its weight and size, they are very heavy and bulky, not suitable for fast charging, overheating during charging is common and its typical cycle life ranges from 300 to 500 cycles. For high power applications such as dealing with intermittent loads, the lead acid battery is classified as being too large and heavy. The lead acid battery also suffers from a shorter lifecycle as well as reduction of usable power to 50% DOD in these applications [6].
Lithium Ion Batteries:
Lithium batteries are the lightest of all metals they contain the largest electrochemical potential and thus have the largest energy density per its weight [8]. Due to the instability of lithium, undercharging a non-metallic lithium battery was made using lithium ions. Lithium ion