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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Probation

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Probation is the most common sentence in the United States (Petersilia, 1998a). The administration of probation services maybe under the auspices of the judiciary or an agency in the executive branch of government; in either event, a probation agency provides services to the judicial branch of government. Many US Laws and judicial procedures have been influenced by early English common law and judicial customs. Evidence also shows a distinct British influence on US prison architecture and design as well as other corrections-related phenomena (American Correctional Association, 1983). Parole was first adapted in New York in 1876.

Probation is considered a front-end sentence, whereby judges impose conditional sentences in lieu of incarceration. In most cases, probationers do not serve time in either jail or prison. Rather, they must comply with an extensive list of probation program conditions as specified by the court. Probationers remain free within the jurisdiction of sentencing judges while on probation. If …show more content…

In addition, we will state the advantages and disadvantages of probation as what we have previously learned in our subject in Corrections. First, we will tackle about the advantages of probation. Some of these are: It allows the first and light offenders the opportunity to have a second chance in life, it prevents first offenders in turning into hardened criminals, and it also lessens overcrowding in jails and prisons. Then, the disadvantage of probation is that the community believes that the convicted criminals should not be back on the street because they might commit other crimes. Another disadvantage is how the probation officers treat their offenders inconsistently. Despite of the disadvantages stated above, we can say that probation is of much help for the change in the probationers’ lives. Parole has some advantages. A parolee has an opportunity to contribute to society. Also, supervising a parolee is less expensive than incarcerating a

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Diversion programs have become a prevalent form of justice in the Criminal Justice System. Diversion can be two things; diversion from jail or diversion from the legal system completely. Diversionary programs have been developed in the Criminal Justice System throughout its many levels for a multitude of reasons. Often, they are spurred on by practical concerns including, but not limited to, over-crowded prisons, the high cost of the criminal process, and as an alternative approach to dealing with those suffering from mental illnesses. Diversion may occur both before and after a trial and are aimed at avoiding the trial process (pre-trial) and incarceration (post-trial).

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Although people in favor of centralized probation argue that decentralizing probation has its flaws such as local probation following outdated practices, I believe with the proper training given to local law enforcement they will be better able to train staff with the updated procedures and possibly make a change in a person’s

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Tennessee has 759 probation and parole officers who are responsible for supervising 13,546 parolees and 57,234 probationers (Malcolm, 2014.) These demonstrate how unmanageable caseloads they have and how because of that can limit their abilities to effectively supervise offenders (Malcolm, 2014.) One way to achieve the goal of more probation and parole officers is to encourage the job and giving an incentive in receiving the job. Having more will allow lower caseloads and more opportunities to monitor and help the probationer and paroles to achieve outside of prison and hopefully not return to the

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However, the United States has one of the best rehabilitation techniques and facilities in the world. Rehabilitation is the aspect of the United States correctional system that keeps it from being completely looked down on. One of the main issues when it comes to the prison and correctional system is the living conditions, according to an article on “Kicker”,”How the prison system is failing”, the living conditions are described as poor and inhumane. These living conditions also lead to serious incapacitation, which means there is not enough space for newly convicted criminals to fit inside the prisons.

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These programs are cheaper than incarceration, and they can require the convict to pay part of the cost such as the substance abuse treatment. Convicts can continue working and caring for their families, which is very important. Prison space for violent criminals is freed up by keeping nonviolent and first time offenders in the community. The purpose for intermediate sanctions are used as another method of punishment to lower the pressure on probation departments and correction facilities.

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Per the website Study.com (n.d.), Juvenile Probation Officers’ primary job duties are supervising youth who have been in the juvenile justice system. Typically, these juvenile offenders have recently been released from juvenile detention and have returned to live with their families. The purpose of a Juvenile Probation Officer is to prevent the juvenile from reoffending. To prevent reoffending the Juvenile Probation Officer regularly meets with the juvenile and their families to ensure the juvenile is following the guidelines of the courts ("Juvenile Probation Officers | Job Description and Duties," n.d.).

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They have more opportunities because they have not been locked in a cell for a number of years. Instead in restorative justice the offender is required to do things like community service and communicating with the victim of their crime. Giving offenders more options after they have committed a crime can help them get back on their feet because they would have a better chance of getting a job. They would have a better chance of getting a job because they wouldn’t be out of a job as long as if they were in jail for years. Also hopefully by the offender not spending years in jail and doing things like community service they learn their lesson and will be less likely to commit another crime in the future compared to someone who spent years in jail.

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However there are some disadvantages on releasing them so soon without at least a couple of days behind bars because then they’ll think they got away with what they did and they’ll begin to do it again and not learn from what their crime was. Studies have shown that letting juveniles get away with the crime isn't the best thing to do they keep committing the crime again and again. Another disadvantage is the rate of crime in the society give juveniles a second chance or should they not?! \ Although juveniles should not be in jail they should be put into an academy.

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However, crimes are committed whilst in prison, such as drugs and assaults. Some critics say the ‘three strikes and you are out’ law where repeat offenders get a longer sentence are wrong, as the third strike could be a lesser crime such as public disorder. Nevertheless, if just incapacitation and no rehabilitation some critics say will be costlier to society as they will go out and reoffend and, they are not employed and pay taxes. Rehabilitation is also a punishment which should improve the offender's behaviour and stop them committing crimes. Advocates of rehabilitation state prison does not work; however, critics of rehabilitation state prison does work as the criminal cannot commit a crime against the public while incarcerated (Cavadino, 2007 p 36/56).

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