Aksum Research Paper
There was a high demand for luxurious goods that were special to each region which caused a great increase in trade. This also occurred on the Trans-Saharan trade routes with gold. Religion also played a big factor in why trade was increasing in these two trade routes. Increases in technology helped trade become more efficient and faster. For example, the compass helped people trade along the Indian Ocean sea lanes.
This is which were controlled by many pastoral peoples, for the agricultural a products and manufactured goods a of the warmer, well-watered lands of outer Eurasia. Another reason behind the emergence of the Silk Road commerce was also the construction of classical civilizations and their imperial states. These classical civilizations invaded the territory of the pastoral peoples, thus leading to the securing sections of the Silk Road and providing security for merchants and travelers. The Silk Road was then kept going for several centuries by the constant support form later states saw that also benefited from the trade. There was also a need for hard-to-find luxury items desired by the elites across Eurasia that gave the Silk Road a sustained purpose.
The Phoenicians were the ones who developed the prosperous commercial centers of Tyre, Sidon, and Byblos, which are essential trading
Extensive trans-cultural commerce occurred as well. Inventions such as crossbows, paper, and gunpowder were traded across the majority of Afro-Eurasia. Many cities, including Tashkent and Kalgan, relied on the business that travelers from the Silk Roads brought. Additionally, many regions shared languages, cultural attitudes, and religious motifs. The Silk Roads truly connected Afro-Eurasia, bringing new recourses and innovations to each
Ancient civilizations began in areas that had arable land and other features such as rivers. Civilizations succeeded in these environments because they could settle down and not live a nomadic lifestyle. Because the land was arable, agriculture prospered and people relied on the geography to grant them the elements needed for survival. In China and Egypt, geography greatly influenced and affected the lives of the people living there because of the prosperous rivers and large natural barriers.
In Africa during the Post-Classical era, 600-1450 CE, the Saharan was no longer a barren wasteland hardly suitable for travel, but, an essential part of both North African and Sub-Saharan West African societies. Camels and caravans allowed for quicker and more effective traveling. With trading becoming increasingly popular in this area, it provided the resources to build new and larger political structures. During this era, Africa’s economy began to change and the western part of Sub-Saharan was no different. With the Trans-Saharan trade routes ability to increase with the help of wealthier Islamic states, it allowed for the spread of religious and political ideas such as larger empires and the Islamic faith in which both greatly influenced
The Silk road started around 200 B.C. and ended in 1300 A.D. Many people used the route to trade goods and ideas. It was very long and no one would go the whole route because of the danger and the distance. First off, Mali was an empire that was medium size and as in the middle of the Sahara
Question 2 With the text Enuma Elish, we can theorize that their society was violent. When Apsu is first faced with the issue of noisy children inside of the belly of Tiamat, he plans to murder them. He doesn 't decide to ignore or try to calm and quiet them down, but instead chose to kill his children. The children do not lie down to die, but instead preemptively kills their father.
The Mongols were responsible for advocating immense quantities of trade and communications to occur throughout their empire. For instance, the Mongols allowed for a revival of trade along the Silk Road as this allowed Mongolian economy to prosper and the ability of goods to be transported all throughout the Asian continent (Smith). This shows that the Mongols valued the importance of vast and extensive trade networks to promote commerce and communication within their territories. In addition, the nomadic lifestyles of the Mongols allowed them to embrace the importance of trading principles.
As for salt, it was seen as a major resource for its nutritional and preservation qualities. It was a vital resource that these Mali people used. The Niger river allowed the Mali empire to trade easily, as the current would calmly drift them into other civilizations. Both empires also utilized camels as the river was not always accessible. All in all these trade routes allowed these civilizations to expand their wealth, and distance of trade.
In addition, the holy city, Mecca was the main site for trade. According to the map, followed by Document C, ”Mecca, the holy city, had military campaigns and was in the middle of Arabia, near the coastlines.” Ultimately, Arabs transported goods to market places. Document A state 's,”Vast camel trains, bearing species, perfume, precious metals, ivory and silk, filed through the town, headed north on the way from Yemen … to the
Merchants in Adulis traded in a wide variety of products including salt, gold, ivory, gems, cloth, glass, and olive oil. Some traders would travel from distant lands such as the Roman Empire and India to acquire goods at Adulis. The main exports of Axum were, as would be expected of a state during this time, agricultural products. The land was much more fertile during the time of the Aksumites than now, and their main crops were grains such as wheat and barley. The people of Aksum also raised cattle, sheep, and camels.
The Aksum trading center, however, used the disadvantages of their land to their advantage. The hilly land was often transformed to terca e farming. This combated the unfarmable land. This allowed the growth of important crops that were later used to trade, like wheat and barley. In all of these places, the citizens used their geography to form a substantial part of their lives.
East and West Africa from 1000 to 1500 CE had profound differences in forms of government, with West Africa being kingdom based, and East Africa city-state based. The conversion of Eastern and Western African ruling elites compacted trading between themselves and Islamic traders from Mesopotamia, China, India, and as far away as Oceania. The relatively stable political environment from 1000-1500 CE in Sub-Saharan Africa attracted displaced peoples from the Abbasid empire in Northern Africa, with West Africa utilizing Trans-Saharan trade, and East Africa utilizing mariner trade routes. The East and West developed in clearly different ways, but paralleled each other in a way in which the political, social, and economic environments facilitated stable trade in the region, as well as a distinct blend between Islamic culture and African tradition.
Comparison and Contrast Essay While the Indian Ocean and Trans-Saharan trade routes both encouraged and facilitated the spread of Islam, the Indian Ocean saw a more extensive diffusion of disease, and traded across water instead of land. Islam was a widespread religion amongst both trade routes, but other religions, like Buddhism, were not as popular along the Trans-Saharan route. Through the time period, we see evidence of Islam’s dominance in the form of muslim architecture and the rulers of the time period.
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