New York is America’s “quintessential immigrant city, with a long history of ethnic succession and immigrant inclusion” (Foner 2007 pg. 1001). Since 1900, 10%, or more, of America’s foreign-born population has lived in New York City. In the late 19th and early 20th century, the city served as the major entry place for Southern and Eastern European immigrants. Moreover, New York has been dramatically changed, and dramatically benefited, by massive immigration inflows in the past few decades. Immigration was a crucial factor in New York’s recovery from the devastating financial crisis of 1975. In 2000, 36% of New York residents were foreign born. Today, the majority of New Yorkers have a close immigrant connection – if they themselves are not