Anthracene Case Study

Anthracene-9,10-bismethylmalonate (ADMA), Orange G and polystyrene (PS, Mw = 192,000 g/mol) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Acetic acid (glacial), tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dimethylformamide (DMF) were purchased from Saarchem, while Rose Bengal was purchased from Fluka. Water collected from milli-Q water (Millipore corp., Bedford, MA, USA) was used for the preparation of all aqueous solutions. All solvents were dried prior to use using molecular sieves. BODIPY 1 was synthesized using the method described previously described (Fig. 1) [16].
2.2. Equipment
A scanning electron microscope (SEM, JOEL JSM 840 scanning electron microscope) operating at an accelerating voltage of 20 KV was used to determine the morphology of the electropsun nanofibers.

An Inca PentaFET Precision coupled to a Vega Tescam operating at a 20 KV accelerating voltage was used to collect the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) data. UV-visible absorption spectra were measured at room temperature on a Shimazu UV-2550 spectrophotometer using a 1 cm path length cuvette for solution studies and a Perkin Elmer Lambda 950 UV-vis spectrophotometer for solid state measurements. 1H-NMR spectra were recorded in THF on a Bruker AMX 600 spectrometer operating at 600 MHz. Mass spectrometry (MS) measurements were performed on a Bruker Autoflex 111 smartbeam TOF/TOF mass spectrometer. The instrument was operated in positive ion mode over a 400−3000 m/z range. The voltage of the ion source was set at 19.0 and 16.7 kV for ion sources 1 and 2 respectively, while the lens was set at 8.50 kV. The MS data were

Rhodamine 6G was employed as a standard in this study with (ΦF = 0.94 in ethanol) [18]. The singlet oxygen quantum yield (ΦΔ) value of BODIPY 1 was studied through a comparative method by monitoring the photo-oxidation of 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) at different time intervals with Rose Bengal used as the standard (ΦΔ = 0.76 in ethanol [19]). Studies to determine the ΦΔ value of the BODIPY dye embedded PS nanofibers were carried out using the direct chemical method due to a lack of suitable standards. The studies were performed in aqueous solution using ADMA as a chemical quencher; the modified fibers were suspended in the aqueous solution of ADMA and irradiated using a photolysis set up. The quantum yield (ΦADMA) was first calculated using Eq. (1)