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Aristotle's Comparison Of Plato And Nietzche

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Plato and Nietzsche agree about the role that appetites and animal instincts play a role in human society. Plato portrays the appetitive part as being directed at basic objects, specifically food, drink, and sex. However, each of these three is necessary desire. “The desire for delicacies is also necessary to the extent that it’s beneficial and well-being,” (559b). Plato continues to say that the appetites are made moderate by performing moderate actions. Socrates defines moderation by: self control by 1) obeying the rulers and 2) ruling over the pleasures of food, drink, and sex; also known as not getting carried away with said pleasures. The appetites featured in Socrates’ discussion of moderation, justice, and the best constitution is as followed: appetites are selfish pleasures and also the most …show more content…

Moderation is considered the “unity of the virtue” thesis. With the lack of moderation, it turns into justice. When referring to justice, it is the agreement that everyone having multiple aims is bad and leads to deterioration. Justice is each part doing its own work and not the work of another. Justice is considered the “virtue of aristocratic city”. Finally, the best constitution, the best constitution is not able to become a reality and therefore inevitably deteriorates. When Nietzsche talks about the animal instincts that feature the slave revolt, bad conscience, and the ascetic ideal, he is referring to that our animal instincts of life became useless. In order to survive, humans had to rely on their conscious mind rather than their unconscious instincts. Nietzsche argues that there are two different fundamental types of morality: 1) “master morality” and 2) “slave morality”. Slave morality had values of things such as compassion and kindness, while master morality valued pride and nobility. Master morality weighed actions on a scale of good/bad consequences,

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In the short story, “The Euphio Question” by Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., the author is criticizing the idea of escapism throughout the text. As the characters in the story distract themselves from their problems by turning on a machine named “the euphio” it allows for them to escape reality and go into a state of bliss. Each and every character that comes in contact with the euphio’s signals ends up disregarding their bodies needs for at least two days, the idea of hunger is mentioned in conversation, but blind minded people just shove the ideas aside. “‘Mom, I’m kinda hungry,’ Eddie said… Lew Harrison gave the euphio's volume knob another twist. ‘There, kid, how’s that?’”

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409 Words | 2 Pages

I believe this “hunger” is a representation of not only their physical hunger but also the want for more in their own lives. This hunger lead them to do wrong, despite wanting to do good, “Well, sir, I ain’t never been mixed up in nothin’ wrong, before nor since, and I don’t intend to be again, but I was hungry that night” (253). This leads me to my 2nd point; when you are hungry for more in your life you tend to not fight for what you want or believe in. “But Edward didn’t holler. He just sat down on the coal.

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Plato’s political philosophy, The Republic, focuses on the ideal city-state, which contains a standard of justice, education, eugenics, and the idea of a cave allegory. Huxley’s novel Brave New World focuses on a dystopian state similar to Plato’s ideal city-state. Although Huxley dramatically differs from Plato’s ideal city-state with his class system, eugenics, justice, the status of men and women in high positions, and education in The Republic, the similarities in Huxley’s usage of Plato’s education, the cave allegory communal wives’ system, lead to a precise determination of Huxley’s inspiration. To begin with, Huxley has a substantial standard of hierarchy within the hierarchy of the class system within the state compared to Plato in his political philosophical

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1263 Words | 6 Pages

Aristoteles y Plato are two of the greatest philosophers in history. Plato was a teacher of Aristotle, so it is common that we find some similarities between them. Aristoteles does not agree with the political and social philosophy of Plato; but both have something in common, in his two books, Plato with “The Republic” and Aristoteles with “Politics”, both try to decipher what is "the ideal state". For Aristotle, man is a political animal that lives in a polis, or state. For man to develop and be happy, he has to live within a society that is governed by laws and regulations; for Aristotle this is a political life, and for him, Plato's theory regarding complete unity violates the nature of this political life.

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On the other side, he attaches “evil” to the slave morals saying that all they do is bring negativity into the world and simple react to their surroundings in a negative way. That the slave morals look “outward” and judge the world and complain instead of trying to better themselves to get through. Nietzsche subtly reveals to us that he favors the noble over the slave but looking at his word choice we see that he does indeed favor the

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767 Words | 4 Pages

Part A- Socrates In thinking of Socrates we must recognize that what we have is four secondhand sources depicting him. That of Plato, Xenophanes, Aristophanes, and Aristotle. All having radically different accounts on Socrates and his views. Out of all them we consider Plato’s to be the most possible account, even though we face a problem of different versions of Socrates.

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The man chooses moderation to lead himself toward the just life. At this point, it is no longer a choice for the man to choose injustice rather it becomes a part of his nature of a philosopher to choose the happiest

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Master morality values strength, pride, and nobility. Master morality typically applies a scale where it weighs actions on bad and good consequences. These being vices, consequentialism and classical virtues. Thess fields stand contrary to slave morality where it considers the action on a scale of evil and good intentions. A good example is Christian vices, and virtues and Kantian deontology.

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As mentioned at the beginning of this chapter, Nietzsche’s sets out his project in On the Genealogy of Morals because of culture’s negligence in investigating its own values. In this respect, the application of genealogy to some moral is not moved by pure curiosity. In turn, just like irony genealogy is motivated by a critical interest toward morality. Accordingly, at the outset of GM we find Nietzsche framing its work’s Leitfragen as ‘[…] under what conditions did man devise these value judgements good and evil? And what value do they themselves possess?

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"A good decision in based on knowledge and not on numbers" this is a famous quote said by Plato. He thinks that what creates you as a whole and lead you to success is not how much money you have but how much knowledge you have. Plato sustains that happiness is the goal of all performs and that it is attained through the search for virtues by following a moral conduct that will lead to a good soul, and a step towards perfection. Plato states that in life we will have to pass hard and unhappy times to get to be happy, because happiness doesn't come by itself.

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Nietzsche claimed that at some point in the history, the selfless “slave morality” of the commoners was at odds with the glory-seeking “master morality” of nobles. In what was almost of one of the earliest documented uses of the term sheeple, Nietzsche described this supposed historical battle of philosophies when he said “that the lambs are upset about the great predatory birds is not strange, but the fact that these large birds of prey snatch away small lambs provides no reason for holding anything against them… To demand from strength that it does not express itself as strength, that it does not consist of a will to overpower, a will to throw down, a will to rule, a thirst for enemies and opposition and triumphs, is just as unreasonable as to demand from weakness that it express itself as strength.” Since he doesn’t go into detail about when and where this struggle took place, it isn’t unreasonable to assume that this was mere conjecture on Nietzsche’s

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667 Words | 3 Pages

In the text “Leviathan”, by Thomas Hobbes many themes were presented such as the theme of the state of nature used as a device. The state of nature is seen as a war by the purpose of one’s desires. One line that shows this is the line “This Endeavour, when it is toward something which causes it, is called Appetite, or Desire; the later, being the generall name; and the other, often-times restrained to signifie the Desire of Food, namely Hunger and Thirst” (pg.119). We all have desires, but some desires unknowingly do hurt us. However, there are certain things you do wish for that, you know will end up hurting you but you still have things done your way.

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1 INTRODUCTION Power and authority are the most important aspects of politics as such way of thinking comes a long way from the earliest thinkers such as Plato and Aristotle to mention few. They are the fundamental features of state in politics, focusing on who should have the power and authority over the people and who should rule them. During the time prior and after the birth of states, political authority has always been a major concern with regards to who should rule and how and who shouldn’t. Therefore this issues need to be addressed in a way that will at the end benefit the society. Plato is the thinker or theorist who came with addressing who should rule in a political environment in what Plato outlined that only Philosophers should rule.

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984 Words | 4 Pages

“Plato’s philosophy is an attempt to justify Socrates’ belief in the objectivity of moral virtues.” As one of Socrates’ most loyal disciples, Plato’s own philosophy was heavily influenced by Socrates’ own thoughts and teachings. Much of Plato’s philosophy is a direct extension of some of the questions Socrates posed, i.e., Socrates asked what justice is, and Plato explored this question in his own writings. It is Socrates’ code of ethics, however, that most closely corresponds with Plato’s ethics.

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Socrates and Aristotle, despite being related through Plato, are in fact very different people and have many differing theories. Socrates outlook on life was that we 're all inherently good, but we will do bad things on accident. For example, when talking about ignorance, Socrates believes that we do not willingly do anything wrong. We instead have two branches of ignorance: not knowing something and knowing that you don 't know, or not knowing but you think that you do know (Plato, P.561). Aristotle on the other hand, claims that there is a different outlook on the model of ignorance.

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