Aspect In English Language Essay

Introduction

Based on the first chapter of George Orwell’s novel “Animal Farm’’. this research paper discusses the aspect in both languages; English and Arabic in two sections, The first one is a theoretical introduction explaining the definition, forms and uses of aspect introduced to the literature. Where the second is an analysis for some examples on aspect selected from the source text (English) and it’s translation to the target text (Arabic), pointing out the differences between both language systems and the translation problems, In addition to alternative translation for the improper translation if encountered. Section one

Conceptualization

According to Aziz (1989, pp, 55-56) Aspect depicts the manner of the action, regardless of

Aspect is determined by the action properties as: ongoing, complete or temporary. The English Language has two types of Aspect in its syntax noted by a combination of verb forms; they are the progressive and the perfective. The Progressive is formed by adding the auxiliary "be" which should be followed by a gerund. The result is either present tense (is/am/are + main verb + ing) and/ or the past tense (was/were + main verb + ing). The Perfective Aspect however, can be expressed by means of the auxiliary has/have/had added before the past participle of the main verb in the Verbal Phrase - "has/ have" for the present aspect while "had" for the past. Furthermore, we can combine the two aspects of "perfective" and "progressive" to come up with Perfective Progressive Aspect. The syntactic form is a combination of (has/ have/ had + been + main verb + ing). To sum, the Progressive Aspect in the English is used to denote temporary action with some form of short continuity. The Perfective Aspect, on the other hand, is used to convey completion connecting the event to the point of reference in the past. a very common example in English Syntax is the If Clause Type Three. (Aziz, 1989, pp,

And regarding the translation it is successfully rendered.

• “Even the stupidest of them had already picked up the tune and a few of the words.”

• "حتى اكثرهم غباءً التقط اللحن و بعض الكلمات."

This example presents the perfective aspect that includes adverbial element “already” and it is absolute past tense, indicating that the action was completed in the past by using such adverbial in the sentence. Regarding the translation, the translator failed to render the aspect properly because, the Arabic perfective aspect, in this respect, should include the particle "قد" in the perfect form in order to render the aspect properly and recreate the completion of the aspect, to make sure, that the target text reflects properly and clearly the aspect of the source text. Therefore the suggested translation