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Atomic Structure Website Notes

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Atomic Structure Website Notes
Important terms
1: Proton
Positive charged atom
2: Neutron
Neutral charged atom
3: Electrons
Negative charged atom
4: Nucleus center part of the atom (with protons and neutrons)
5: Electron shell
The valence area where the electrons are located
6: Electromagnetic force
One of the four fundamental forces that changes electrons to nucleus
7: Photon
Basic Unit of light
8: Ion
Atom that lost or gained an electron. Which becomes either negatively or positively charged
Atoms
Atoms contains a nucleus at it’s center. The nucleus contains positively charged protons and neutrally charged neutrons. Electrons are the negative charge and bound to the nucleus by the electromagnetic force.
Electrons
Electrons orbit around the …show more content…

Each pair has an opposite spin (cancels the magnetic influence and creates magnetic neutrality).
Valency and Valence Electrons
Outermost shell is called its valence shell. Valence shell has the strongest energy and the most reactive. Inner shell don’t participate in chemical bonding and reactions (usually). Valence electrons can be gained/lost/shared to form chemical bonding (from this reason elements with same number of valence electrons tend to have similar chemical property).
Since they gain/lose/share the same way.
Free Electrons
Valence shell electrons have the weakest attraction since they are the furthest to the nucleus. When the electrons are loosely bonded thy start to randomly wandering around (free electrons). This happens the movement is controlled by the electronic current.

Molecular Bonding
Electrons are responsible for chemical bonding. Sharing electrons between atoms to make molecules (bonding, covalent, and ionized).
Covalent bonding: sharing the valency electrons (usually only one electron on the valence shell).
Ionic bonding: Atom uses on electron to the other. The first stom become positively charged and the second becomes negatively charged. This creates an attraction between the two

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