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Attenuated Vaccination

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There are many different types of vaccines developed in order to protect people, and children of all ages. Some of the more common types include the flu vaccination, DTap, IPV, Hib, and others including Td, rotavirus, MMR, varicella, pneumococcal conjugate, and meningococcal conjugate. These vaccinations are classified as either a killed vaccination, a toxoid, a conjugate, or an attenuated vaccination. A killed vaccination is an inactive vaccine in which only is used in a few vaccinations, one being an IPV. A toxoid vaccination contains an inactive toxin received from bacteria. Examples of a toxoid vaccination include diphtheria and tetanus. The conjugate vaccination includes a mix of protein and bacteria. An example of this vaccination is Hib. The last type of vaccination is an attenuated vaccination. Attenuated vaccinations are live viruses that are used to prevent diseases such as measles, mumps, and rubella. ( citation #1 pg 1) …show more content…

The flu vaccine is the most common vaccination, most likely because it changes every year and can be spread so easily. DTap (Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis) is designed to help develop immunity for children who are 7 or younger. These diseases can be very harmful, so the less likely one is to develop one of these illnesses, the better. Most people should get the IPV vaccine, which was developed in 1955, due to the many different cases of polio. Children should receive four different doses of this vaccine throughout their life. Once when they are 2 months old, another dose at 4 months, one at 6-18 months, then another dose once they are 4-6 years old, typically before one starts kindergarten. Also, when children are born, they already have antibiotics in their body. However, these antibiotics are only temporary making the need for vaccination that much more

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The vaccines are then injected into the body, where the immune system will see the virus and kill it. Since this virus was already in the body once, the antibodies will remember it and attack it, preventing you from getting sick. A lot of other well-known vaccinations were discussed in this book, however, not all of them came from the WI-38 cell line. Dr. Hayflick also discovered the MRC-5 cell line which was developed from fetal lung tissue. The vaccine for Hepatitis A was developed by the MRC-5 cell line where the incubated virus is purified and then weakened just like the WI-38 cell

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Controlling the spread of infectious diseases through immunization is one of medicine 's most significant accomplishments. Vaccination programs are proven to be a cost-effective means of disease prevention that have saved millions from death. Medical providers play an important role in the promotion of vaccinations; they can promote vaccination by following the standards for Adult Immunization Practice which include a four-step process: ♦ Assess immunization of all patients at every clinical encounter. ♦ Strongly recommend to patients the vaccines that they need.

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Those against mandatory vaccines deem that the chickenpox, measles, rubella and rotavirus all have symptoms that can be treated with oral medicines and creams. Vaccine-preventable diseases have not disappeared so vaccination is still necessary and the diseases that decreased tremendously were due to the impact of vaccines. The CDC notes that many vaccine-preventable diseases are still in the United States or "only a plane ride away." Although the paralytic form of polio has largely disappeared thanks to vaccination, the virus still exists in countries like Pakistan where there were 93 cases in 2013 and 71 in 2014 as of May 15. The polio virus can be incubated by a person without symptoms for years; that person can then accidentally infect an unvaccinated child or adult in whom the virus can mutate into its paralytic form and spread amongst unvaccinated people.

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Vaccinations are a liquid suspension of weakened or killed microorganisms, generally bacteria or viruses that are given to your cat to prevent or reduce the risk of infectious disease. Weakened (attenuation) is a process that decreases the virulence of organisms, meaning it reduces the ability of the organism to multiply and cause illness. Inactivated (killed) vaccines are made from infectious microorganisms that are dead. Vaccines that are live generally cause a quicker, more effective and longer-lasting immunity than inactivated vaccines.

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Then they are monitored by the CDC and FDA before ever using them on patients. Other benefits from vaccinations is that it saves the children and their parents time and money based on if they were sick due to the fact they didn’t vaccinate. Vaccines also protect the spread of diseases, and future

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The human immune response against wP vaccines is directed against an array of antigens of the whole bacterial cells. Some antigens like Pertussis Toxins (PT) have been recorded as “immune response modifiers” There are also records of substantial disparities in immune responses depending on the antigens found in different vaccines that were tested. The human immune response against aP vaccines are directed against “purified protein virulence factors” it was also said by ‘Decker & Edwards’ that “Significant differences in immunogenicity per µg protein between different vaccines have been

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Vaccinations help reduce the risk of infections and contracting diseases by having the immune system produce antibodies that fight the disease without causing the disease. Getting a vaccine can help keep a disease from spreading by reducing the number of people who can catch the disease. If a portion of a community is vaccinated against a disease and an outbreak occurs, there is still some protection for the people who didn’t get vaccinated because it is contained. This is known as community immunity. Vaccination is not just for children.

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Various vaccines require a different amount of times one needs to get vaccinated. Some require a person to get many doses of a vaccine throughout their life, however, there are few that only require one. Children will receive fourteen vaccinations and as many as forty-five doses by the time they are five years old. Throughout their childhood, children will need to receive boosters. Boosters are additional doses of a vaccine that are given as additional protection provided by the original dose.

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Today, young children receive vaccines to protect them against 14 different diseases. Because some vaccines require more than one dose, children can receive as many as 26 inoculations by 2 years of age and up to five shots at one time. For this reason, some parents now ask their doctors to space out, separate or withhold vaccines. If the parent(s) decided to not vaccinate their child, the child may not have the necessary antibodies to fight off infection. That is why to protect the child, the vaccine needs to be not enforced on the child, but strongly suggested by the doctor.

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This high number of patients suffering from these ailments can be reduced if they received their disease related vaccination in the early age. This shows how mandatory vaccination is essential and the necessity of braving up to face the low risk of adverse

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(A.Offit). Some children, who contract a deadly disease, usually don’t have enough time to complete their wish list. By allowing your children to be vaccinated, you are giving them an opportunity to live out their life without the threat of an infectious disease. Children who are the ages of five and under are the ones who are commonly infected by a disease. A vaccination is just a shot containing the dead or weak germ of the disease.

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Analysis Paper #1 Even from a very young age, I had always realized that males and females thought and communicated differently. Within my own family, gender miscommunication plagues my parent's marriage and my relationship with my three sisters. Even so, the dissimilarities between how my girlfriend and I communicate helped me further grasp the importance of understanding gender miscommunication. Through her research, Deborah Tannen has found that males and females see the world through different lenses.

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Vaccinations When it comes to vaccinations, there are many different opinions on immunizing a child, especially when that child’s parent has a strong like or dislike towards vaccinating. Immunizations have existed for at least a thousand years and as technology advances more, there are new vaccines being designed to help protect our children from contracting contagious and sometimes deadly diseases, such as Bordetella pertussis, polio, and even influenza. For decades, all 50 states have required that parents vaccinate their children against various diseases, including polio and measles, as a prerequisite to enrolling them in public schools (Ciolli, 2008). Enrollment in public school requires up to date vaccinations in order to protect the children and even the adults from contracting and spreading a disease, possibly causing an epidemic.

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Vaccinations in children help prevent viruses and bacteria more than causing them. First off, what exactly is a vaccination? According to an article from familydoctor.org it states, “Vaccines contain weakened versions of a virus or versions that look like a virus (called antigens). This means the antigens cannot produce the

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