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Attribution: The Two Theories Of Genocide

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In the past two centuries, tens of millions of men, women, and children have been systematically murdered and tortured in acts of genocide and/or mass violence; having been raped, tortured, forced from their homes, striped of their identities, isolated from their friends, family and the rest of the world. The first known case of genocide, according to Ben Kiernan (2004), was the destruction of the Carthage at the end of the Third Punic War (149—146 BC), he labeled it as “The First Genocide”. Which is ironic because the term Genocide was not coined until the year 1943, by Raphael Lemkin; from the words genos—, which is Greek for family, tribe, or race, and –cide, which is Latin for killing (Stone, 2005). The most notorious acts of Genocide include: …show more content…

Attribution theory explains most of why we act the way we do because of our beliefs. There are two types of attribution : defensive attribution, which is the tendency to attribute our success to our own efforts (dispositional) and our allures to external factors (situation); and fundamental attribution error, which is the tendency people have to overemphasize personal causes for other people’s behaviors (dispositional) and underemphasize personal causes for their own behavior (dispositional) (..., ____). Relevant theories of attribution in regards to the question that we are attempting to answer includes: situational attribution, in which our actions are attributed to external or environmental factors; along with that includes stable, in which conditions are always present, and unstable attribution, in which conditions are not stable and may be occasional or …show more content…

Prejudice is an unwarranted and usually negative attitude toward a group (Brewer, 1999), stereotyping, a collection of ideas someone has about another individual or group that influences how they interact with them, can lead to prejudice (Feldman,1972). This also stems from ethnocentrism, which is the belief that one’s own culture is better than another’s’ (Brewer & Campbell, 1976), and the acting on one’s prejudice, is discrimination towards another group. Within discrimination people may act out with two types of aggressive behaviors: instrumental aggression, which is directed to secure some purpose or particular end, or hostile aggression, which has no clear

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In 1944, a Polish-Jewish lawyer came up with the word, “genocide.” However, even seventy-five years later, many people still debate what factors go into making a genocide. Of course, there is mass murder, mistreatment of large groups of people, and difficult life conditions. Take the Cambodian Genocide, for example. People were tortured and killed so much during this genocide that at one of the death camps, “as few as 12 managed to survive” (Pierpaoli).

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Prejudice is unfair because it paints a whole group of people with one brush and state that they are the same with little to no evidence (Macionis).  Taub states, “Even if facts show that there is no real danger, ‘it’s the perception of threat from an out-group, regardless of the actual presence of threat, that predicts prejudice” (Taub). If an entire group is thought to be violent, it would lead other groups treating that group as if it were violent and needed taming. Negative prejudice can be expressed from mild dislike to outright hostility (Macionis). Prejudice would in-turn lead to discrimination (Ridnor; Macionis

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Anthony Pfeiffer Mr. West Sophomore English 1/21/16 Genocide in the World Today The word genocide is the combination of the Greek word "geno" (meaning tribe or race) and “caedere” (the Latin word for to kill). When used the definition of the word means the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. This word has such a profound impact is due to it affecting millions of people 's lives because they don 't have the freedom to believe in what they want, however, if they do they can and will be punished or killed by the leaders in their country. Many countries are still facing the problem of genocide because it directly relates to people 's beliefs and ideas, where they think that

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In 1944, a Polish-Jewish lawyer came up with the word, “genocide.” However, even seventy-five years later, many people still debate what factors go into making a genocide. Of course, there is mass murder, mistreatment of large groups of people, and difficult life conditions. Take the Cambodian Genocide, for example. People were tortured and killed so much during this genocide that at one of the death camps, “as few as 12 managed to survive” (Pierpaoli).

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Genocide is the deliberate and systematic destruction of an ethnic, racial, religious or national group that has brought many losses for human population through the whole history of the world. First cases of genocide had such reasons as territorial, competing and religious arguments. For instance, one of the first genocides is thought to be the Roman destruction of Carthage in 146 BCE that occurred due to religious reason and the competitiveness of these two superpowers. The history has seen many cases of genocide, but this social problem especially spread worldwide during the twentieth century which was even claimed to be the “century of genocide”.

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The main definition of Genocide is known as the intentional destruction of an entire human group based on national, racial, religious, or ethnic identity. There have been many genocides that never make it to the news, and many countries in a position to help have turned away. But the problem of genocide can be resolved by addressing the problem, making international laws, taking military action, and ending stereotypes. The easiest way for everyone around the world to stop or help in ending genocide is to address the problem of genocide itself and spread the word around.

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Genocide is the mass killing of people, usually for religious reasons, but now genocides happen mostly because no one can agree. An infamous example of one of the worst genocides was the killing of Bosnian-Muslims in Yugoslavia. After provinces like Slovenia and Croatia decided to secede from Serbia because of religious reasons, Serbia decided it was time to take action. After examining the political power, death rates, and the sole reason for the Yugoslavia murders, it is clear that the Serbian genocide is one of the worst in history. By looking at how the country was ran, the sheer panic seen in all of the government officials, and the amount of war and lives ruined, it is clear that the Bosnian-muslim genocide in Yugoslavia will always be

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The Primary causes of prejudice are psychological as shown by emotional prejudice and demonstrated through an authoritarian personality, that may result in displaced aggression. Where Sociological prejudice can be shown by social norms. One aspect of the psychological prejudice defined in Parrillo’s essay, can be driven by emotion. Parrillo explains that emotional level of prejudice are “feelings that a minority group arouses in an individual. Although these feelings may be based on stereotypes from the cognitive level, they represent a more intense stage of personal involvement.

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The term genocide was first formulated by Raphael Lemkin which he constructed from the Greek word 'genos', meaning 'race' or 'tribe' and the word 'cide' meaning 'to kill’. Lemkin describes genocide as "the destruction of a nation or of an ethnic group", with a coordinated plan to exterminate that specific group on the simple basis of culture, religion, ethnicity, or racial discrepancies. The term Genocide was only brought into existence in 1944 by Raphael, and was turned into international law December 9th, 1948. The following events depict terrible atrocities that countries have committed, whether it was to escape persecution or to attack the enemy, these were acts that leave a lasting impression on people.

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The term genocide was created by Raphael Lemkin as a means of describing the oppression inflected on the Jews during the Holocaust. He used the ancient Greek word genos (race, tribe) and the Latin word cide (killing), together they formed the word genocide. The Bosnian genocide, also known as a gendercide, was the second worst act of heinous crimes after what the Nazis had done to the Jews, which is known as the Holocaust. The Bosnian genocide was a horrific event in history that caused the death of about 100,000 people based on their gender, religion, and ethnicity. The Republic of Yugoslavia was established in 1945 at the end of World War II.

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Describe the role of situational and dispositional factors in explaining behavior The roles of situational and dispositional factors in explaining behavior could be explained using the attribution theory where attribution is the process of interpreting and explaining behavior and how people try to use these factors to do this . Situational factors refer to external influences such as who you surround yourself with, social norms, the situation and the weather while dispositional factors are about internal factors such as your personality, attitude and beliefs . In explaining behavior these factors can either be combined as one explanation or used separately to determine the cause of one’s actions.

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A cultural genocide is the destruction of a culture 's values, beliefs and traditions. Throughout history we have seen how much of an impact on culture and ethnicity the government can have. This is seen through cultural genocides such as the ¨Stolen Generation¨ and the Holocaust. The ¨Stolen Generation¨ was from 1910 to the early 1970s, the government in Australia tried to ¨naturally eliminate¨ the Aboriginal people.

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No one knows for sure why we commit the fundamental attribution error, but one likely culprit is the fact that we’re rarely aware of all of the situational factors impinging on others’ behavior at a given moment. Contrarily, we’re less likely to commit the fundamental attribution error if we’ve been in the same situation ourselves or been encouraged to feel empathic toward those we’re

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Therefore, attribution is an important component of human cognitive process, as well as an important influence on the formation of self-concepts. Psychological research into attribution began with the work of Heider(1958) in the early part of the 20th century, subsequently developed by others such as Jones(1965), Davis(1965), Kelley(1967) and Weiner(1974). 2.1.1 The Attribution Theory Heider (1958) put forward the Attribution Theory in the book The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations, which pioneered the modern field of social cognition. As one part of the larger and more complex Heiderian account of social

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Attribution Theory Heider (1958) initially proposed a psychological theory of attribution, but Harold Kelley (1967, 1971) and Bernard Weiner (1985, 1986) established a theoretical structure that has become a foremost research model of social psychology. Attribution theorists interpret humans as scientists trying to understand the world around them and using simple statistical techniques to reach different conclusions. The attribution theory has been most thoroughly examined in the achievement domain. It is stated that in order to determine the causes of success and failure, casual search is undertaken.

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