Essay On Cancer Chemotherapy

CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Cancer or cancer chemotherapy

Cancer is abnormal growth of cell division that has potential to spread to other body cells. There are two types of cancers. One is the benign cancer don’t spread to other body cells and malignant cancer can spread to other body cells. Cancer chemotherapy is the branch of medical oncology and used for the treatment of cancer. The principle of chemotherapy is that by using of chemotherapeutic agents or drugs, cancer cells can be removed. These drugs or chemotherapeutic agents act at the cancer cells and controlled the process of cell mitosis but they can produce toxicity.1

1.2 Cell Cycle

The series of events in which one cell undergoes in process of division and accomplished in an individual called cell cycle. There are number of phases in cell division. G0 phase is non-dividing cell stage. G1 phase, cell increased in its size and process of replication occurred and preparation of copy of DNA. S phase is synthesis phase in which

Transition metals belong to d-block elements in the periodic table (3-12) and form the coordination complexes with organic and inorganic ligands due to d-orbitals are vacant and in the process of filling. So, they help in complex formation. Coordination complexes are those in which metal is central atom and surrounded by the different anions. First time in Denmark (1870), Jorgensen prepared the coordination complexes by the reaction of ammonia, cobalt and chlorine. In 16th century, transition metal complexes were used as therapeutic agents against the cancerous cells. In 1893, Alfred Werner was awarded with noble prize due to the formation of complexes that contained the chlorine, cobalt and ammonia. In 1960, the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin was discovered and used for the treatment of solid carcinomas. Now a day, many metals like copper, rhodium, molybdenum, gold etc. are also used for the treatment of