Case Study: Cook V. Florida High School Athletic Association
In the article titled Face-off on the playing field By, Judith B. Stamper explains girls have their own story of support or discrimination, success also the debate of girls be allowed to compete on boys’ sports team. First, the writer Title IX explains female athletes are been treated second-class for long enough and should pass of inequalities and biases of girls. The writer also clarifies that girls doing sports make them healthier, physically, and emotionally. Other girls that don’t play sports are less likely to use of drugs. In addition, she notes a former Stanford University basketball player Mariah says, strength and independence of things girls learn from sports, the opportunities that are changing women.
: Joseph Frederick a high school student filed suit in District Court under 42 U.S.C. §1983, alleging violation of his First Amendment rights by the school board and Deborah Morse, the principal of his high school. The District Court granted summary judgment for the school board and Morse. Frederick appealed to the Ninth Circuit and the District Court’s decision was reversed. Morse appealed and Certiorari was granted. Facts: On January 24, 2002 the Olympic Torch Relay passed through Juneau, Alaska while school was in session.
Before making any cuts to specific sport clubs or implementing a participation fee we decided to obey two explicit rules throughout the process of the budget revision. The first rule is to ensure that athletics are equally fair throughout the school regardless of sport. Each student should feel that their
[Title Here, up to 12 Words, on One to Two Lines] The case, Florence County School District IV v. Shannon Carter, is about a student who is entering the 9th grade and diagnosed with ADHD (attention deficit hyperactive disorder) and Dyslexia. Prior to entering high school Shannon Carter did not have an IEP or a 504 plan. Her parents began the process in high school to help their daughter learn to read, at this time Shannon was diagnosed as she was functionally illiterate. Shannon’s family was upset that the school was doing more to help their daughter be able to perform on grade level. Shannon’s parents began a due process because they felt that the school was not doing enough to assure she was reading on grade level by graduation.
This case between Ronald G. Sandison and Craig M. Stanley, verse Michigan High School Athletic Association centers around two high school students who believe they are being discriminated against because of their learning disability. Ronald Sandison and Craig Stanley both suffered from learning disabilities and were therefore two grades behind other students their age. Both of these students were placed in a special learning school, but by the time high school came around, they were in normal classes with everyone else. Stanley attended Grosse Pointe North High school and Sandison attended Rochester Adams High School. Sandison and Stanley both ran track and field their first three years of high school but were not allowed to run their senior year due to turning 19 before September 1st, 1994.
PARTIES INVOLVED Kinney Kinmon Lau on behalf of the 1,800 non-English speaking students filed a suit against the San Francisco Unified School District. FACTS After a mandated integration of the San Francisco school system following a court order in 1971, a report was stated that in the San Francisco Unified School District there were approximately 2,800 students of Chinese decent in their school system that did not speak English. An estimated 1,000 students were receiving language support while the remaining 1,800 students were not receiving any additional support.
Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education, case in which the U.S. Supreme Court on May 24, 1999, ruled (5–4) that, under Title IX of the Federal Education Amendments (1972), school boards are liable for failing to stop student-on-student sexual harassment under certain circumstances. The case centred on LaShonda Davis, a fifth grader in Monroe county, Georgia. Over a six-month period in 1992–93, a classmate identified as G.F. allegedly sexually harassed or abused Davis (and others) by attempting to fondle her, touching her, and directing offensive language toward her. An example of G.F.’s behaviour occurred in December 1992, when he allegedly tried to touch Davis’s breasts and genital area, telling her, “I want to get in bed with you” and
One experience from personal experiences also illustrates the changes in how Title IX has affected sports. The first story takes place at Stanford University, a school with an athletic program that has been at the forefront of gender equity in sports. Boschert describes how the school’s Title IX, coordinator, Katie Martens, works tirelessly to ensure compliance with the law. Martens monitors the athletic department’s budget, ensure equal treatment of male and female athletes, and investigates complaints of discrimination. Her efforts have paid off, with the school receiving high marks for compliance with Title IX.
Samantha Kubota’s “School Punished Teen Girl for Working Out in Sports Bra in 100-degree Texas Heat, ACLU Say” (2023) tells the story of a young female athlete. A teenage girl who participates in cross country and track at her high school got in trouble for wearing a sports bra during practice in 100-degree heat while her male counterparts were practicing shirtless. Furthermore, since G.H. wore a sports bra, she was denied the award of being the top runner on the girls’ cross-country team; this award would have been crucial for college recruiting and applications. The girl, who identifies by her initials G.H., requested help from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). The ACLU sent a letter to her high school stating the coaches, District officials, and employees violated the Fourteenth Amendment and Title IX of the Education Amendments by reinforcing a sex-stereotyped dress code and treating the girls’ and boys’ cross-country teams differently.
First of all, some argues that the tittle IX grants equal sporting opportunities for both male and female students; however, the inequality or unfair treatment for female athletic student still exists. At every high school or college, young female athletics are still facing with the discrimination on the playing field. Women and girls just receive only 42 percent of the opportunities to play sports in high school and college even though female were half of total students.
Writes “Often cited are cuts of men’s sports programs to make room for more women’s teams under the mandate of Title IX.” Barbara Sheehan points out that because of Title IX, guys are having to sit in the “sidelines” because their team is getting cut. A simple solution for this in directly in the law. “ The federal courts of appeals uniformly have rejected legal challenges to Title IX—holding that Title IX in no way requires schools to cut men’s teams, but that schools may choose to structure their athletics programs however they wish as long as they treat men and women equally.” (Sports)
Title IX reads. “no person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance” (U.S. Department of Education). As understood in the world of college sports, Title IX requires equal participation opportunity for male and female athletes in proportion to overall campus population and interest. Schools do not have to spend the exact same amount of money on men’s and women’s sports (Hruby). They already sign coaches to drastically different contracts, so there is no reason that Title IX should withhold athletes from receiving just compensation.
Title nine requires athletic programs to be equivalent to enrollment. The number of sports programs for each sex should reflect the ratio of students enrolled in the school. With more women attending college the need for more sports programs has grown dramatically. I don’t want to get in a political discussion about schools who have cut men’s programs so I will only speak on schools who have added women’s programs. This opportunity has not only improved
Roughly over 400,000 students-athletes compete in college level sports especially in the NCAA. Most of these participants happen to be female. People to this day still believe that Title IX put a negative outlook
If society stops to understand the struggles these women have been facing for decades will have a clearer picture of what steps to take in order to make a change in the sports industry. Men need to put their masculinity aside and advocate giving women a voice. The purpose of this paper is to explore the issues women in the sport world have faced through history, wage gaps, current issues today, and to discuss findings and recommendations for future research. Title IX is a law that came into effect in 1972, this comprehensive federal law prohibited discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded education program or activity.
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