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Catherine The Great Research Paper

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Catherine the Great, also known as Catherine II, was an empress of Russia from 1762-1796. She was born on May 2, 1729, in Stettin, Prussia which later became Szczecin, Poland. She was the longest-ruling leader of Russia revitalizing the nation increasing its size and strength making it on of the great European powers. Catherine the Great’s royal roots were as a German princess. Her birth name was Sophie Friederike Auguste. She grew up in Stettin in a small state called Anhalt-Zebst. Her father was the prince of this area. Catherine the Great was not close with her mother. Her mother’s relations to members of royalty gave Catherine the ability to rise to power. Catherine was brought to consider many suitors. Catherine progressed in her relationship …show more content…

She got on the good side of the military and recalled troops that Peter III had sent to Denmark. She also returned the Church their land. She modeled her approach to leading Russia after Peter the Great. Peter the Great made accomplishments in Russia’s foreign policy and made significant territorial gains. Catherine extended the borders of Russia southward and westward. She took control over New Russia, Crimea, Northern Caucasus, Right-bank Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania and Courland. This added 200,000 square miles to Russian territory. Soon after, Catherine founded a relationship with Great Britain with a commercial treaty in 1766. In 1764, Catherine the Great placed her former lover, Stanislaw Poniatowski, on the Polish throne. This allowed Catherine to take lead in partitioning off Poland. After Catherine officially became protector of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, there was an anti-Russian uprising in Poland. After Poland had drafted the May Constitution of Poland, Catherine became involved to prevent possible recovery in the Commonwealth and defeated Polish loyalist forces in the Polish-Russian War of 1792. She then completed the partitioning of Poland having divided it with Prussia and Austria in

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Peter the Great did a lot to help Russia become a great power. It took him his whole 40 years to do this for Russia. The main goal for Peter in order to make Russia a great power was to westernize it. He thought if you modernize the country then the country would be strong. Peter wanted to have a capital near the water so the navy would be strong and it would be easier for trade.

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Much like Peter she was bent on establishing naval bases for the Russian navy and was able to once again secure ports as Russia annexed Crimea and land along the Black Sea from the Ottoman Empire. An excellent example of this was Catherine the Great as she sought to emulate the West, by releasing statements in support of Western ideals of human rights. But in reality she also expanded serfdom and violently crushed peasant revolutions. This shows, that although Catherine may have wanted to emulate western culture, she also wanted to maintain her power and would crush these uprisings at the cost of these values.

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The primary difference between Peter and Ivan’s domestic policies was that Ivan focused on combatting potential enemies and Peter focused on modernizing and Westernizing Russia. Restrictions in Ivan’s Sudebnik and Peter’s Holy Synod made the Orthodox Church more subservient to the state. Ivan created prikazy to deal with specific areas of government, but, by Peter’s reign, the prikazy were ineffective, so Peter replaced them with Western-style colleges. Ivan also established the streltsy, a permanent military force, and the oprichnina, a secret police force, yet Peter expanded the Russian military and navy much more drastically.

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Czar Russia who needed to gain access to the seas during the winter months their river was frozen over, they were land locked. Meaning they could not participate nor enjoy the capitalism which was changing the power structures of the world. Therefore they struck at the Ottoman Empire and tested their strength. The Ottoman Empire had grown weak and complacent. Catherine the Great of Russia and her army had wnded the ottomans and bullied them into sign a treaty called the

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As an absolute monarch, Catherine the Great changed Russia in many positive ways; multiple historians even consider her to be one of the most enlightened rulers of her time. Catherine was the longest reigning female monarch of Russia and accomplished many things during her 34 years in the crown. She dreamed of establishing a reign of order and justice, of spreading education and of developing a national culture. By writing several books, pamphlets and educational materials, she improved Russia’s schooling system. Looking to improve the education of her people, Catherine studied the systems created by other countries.

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Also, Prussia was ravaged by the nomadic Tatars of the Crimea, which, in turn, gave Frederick the ability to increase his power. The Crimean attack proved to be beneficial for Frederick because it "softened up the estates and strengthened the urgency...for more military funding" (McKay). The slew of attacks that Prussia faced provided Frederick with the momentum he needed to create an absolute monarchy, as his goal of creating a strong military caused the estates to give him full control of the country. Similar events occurred in Russia, as the Great Northern War destroyed Russia, causing Peter the Great to use the military to make himself and Russia more powerful. Peter was determined to rebuild and improve the army, and he did so by creating new rules and laws to ensure the army's greatness.

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Catherine made Russia a significant force in Europe as a well governed political country as well as expanded the Russian territory, through this she showed great leadership styles such she was a good team leader, participative leader, servant leader and transformational leader As a women in a male dominated society, Catherine the great was met with resistance at first. She wanted to

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She contributed to and admired the arts through fine art, music and literature, writing around a dozen plays during her reign. These plays were rumoured to be based upon her experiences. While this is unlikely and cannot be proven, they can still provide useful information. For example, in one, set in 1763, 'she cross-dressed as a man and spent the evening flirtatiously courting a young woman at a court ball. ' This used solely as a theatre performance at the state Hermitage shows the Hermitage, again demonstrating power and subconsciously showing Catherine.

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