Name: Avishak Deb Roy Partners: Leevell Penn, Varugh, Butler Bio 101 Lab Report #1 02.22.2018 Swimming speed of paramecium tetraurelia in different levels of treatment. Introduction Paramecia is a unicellular Protista which are naturally found in aquatic habitats. It is easily cultured in the laboratory. It is oblong shaped and covered with short hairy structure called cilia. Paramecia does not pose any health or ethical concerns and the population can be maintained if there is a food source such as Enterobacter (Biological Foundation 7).
cellular metabolism- The sum of all the chemical processes in a cell. 5. cellular respiration- In the mitochondria, glucose is broken down to form ATP in a chemical reaction.
During this experiment, mitochondria were isolated from 20.2 grams of cauliflower using extraction buffer, filtration through Miracloth, and centrifusion. Twelve samples containing various volumes of mitochondrial suspension, assay buffer, DCIP, sodium azide, and citric acid cycle intermediates were prepared to be read by a spectrophotometer. The inclusion of the dye DCIP allowed for the absorbance of the reactions between the mitochondrial suspension and the TCA cycle intermediates succinate, malonate, and oxalate to be measured, as DCIP turns from blue to colorless as the activity of succinate dehydrogenase increases. Experimental Findings Increasing the number of mitochondria in the reaction did increase the reduction of DCIP relative to the amount of mitochondrial suspension present.
The stomata are the most critical piece to this process, as this is where CO2 enters and can be stored, and where water and O2 exit. Cellular respiration also known as oxidative metabolism is important to convert biochemical energy from nutrients in the cells of living organisms to useful energy known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Without cellular respiration living organisms would not be able to sustain life. This process is done by cells exchanging gases within its surroundings to create adenosine triphosphate commonly known as ADT, which is used by the cells as a source of energy. This process is done through numerous reactions; an example is metabolic pathway.
Abstract The purpose of this experiment is to test for mitochondrial activity by isolating different organelles using the differential centrifugation process. Studying mitochondria is extremely important because they control the death and life of the cell by regulating the apoptotic signals (Frezza et al 2007). Also they are responsible for the metabolic reactions (aerobic respiration) and the production of ATP (Frezza et al 2007). Three hypotheses were formed based on my knowledge.
Sugar/ glucose is an important carbohydrate that can be made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. Carbon dioxide is given off as a waste product when energy is released by the breaking down of glucose. This can be used by plant cells in the process of photosynthesis to form new carbohydrates. Yeast is a single-celled fungus that can break down sugars (glucose) to help produce carbon dioxide. Research Question
Introduction Energy is vital for life. Oxygen is necessary for the production of energy in the form of ATP within cells in the process of oxidative phosphorylation and is sourced from the atmosphere through the process of ventilation. Breathing involves the movement of oxygen in and carbon dioxide out of the lungs in a cyclic pattern which alters in response to the body’s energy requirements or may be altered by health conditions. Respiration and lung function are determined primarily by the organs ability to change their size and volume in response to pressure changes within the thoracic cavity. Lung volume can be affected by many variables as described by Poiseulles law showing the relationship between flow of air and pressure difference,
Joshua Miller 12/18/17 Fermentation Lab report Introduction The term fermentation refers to the chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms, typically involving effervescence and the giving off of heat (wikipedia). Sugars are converted to ethyl alcohol when fermentation happens. In this experiment we determined if yeast cells undergo fermentation when placed in a closed flask with no oxygen. Glucose and yeast are mixed together in a closed flask and allowed to incubate for about one hour.
Introduction Air in the lungs can be related to the terms lung volume and lung capacity. Lung volume is the amount of air used for either inhalation or exhalation (Wilmore, 1969). A person’s lung volume can be determined by a spirometer. A spirometer is an instrument that measures the ventilation of the lungs (22nd, 2013).
Cellular Respiration One of the main essentials of life that all organisms need in order to function in our world is, energy. We receive that energy from the food that we eat. Cellular respiration is the most efficient way for a cell to receive the energy stored in food. In cellular respiration, a catabolic pathway, which breaks down the molecules into smaller units, in order to produce adenosine triphosphate, also known as, ATP. ATP, is used by cells in the act of regular cellular operations, it is a “high energy” molecule.
Conclusions: The fermentation process was evident when the specific odor was emitted from the mixture. When yeast undergoes fermentation it produces alcohol and carbon dioxide, these substances were obvious in the smell. The budding, however, could only be observed under magnification so a microscope was needed. When observed under a microscope the buds were clearly evident when the yeast cells grouped together. The budding process could then be observed.
Ventilation of a person through various activities Camila Gonzalez. This lab was made with the aim of proof that making different activities can alternate the ventilation rate, also is to see the variation of work our respiration system makes. We can see the different things and situations that can affect the normal process of ventilation and respiration, like the weather and the clothes that were limitations for doing this experiment because first the weather was so hot, so the person get tired early and began to ventilate faster and second the clothes wasn't appropriate for making the activities, because they also make weight and makes that the person get more tired. We use more than one person to make a comparison of the ventilation
Respiration consists of transportation of oxygen from the atmosphere to the body tissues and the release and carriage of carbon dioxide formed in the tissues to the atmosphere. The human respiratory system is a series of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. We can list the primary organs of the respiratory system as nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs which carry out this exchange of gases as we breathe.
Catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol As a model reaction, we selected the reduction of 4-NP by NaBH4 to 4-AP. The reduction was followed with the aqueous solution in a standard quartz cell with a 1cm path length. The reaction process was as follows: 1.5 mL of 0.15 mM 4-NP was mixed with 1.0 mL of 0.02 M NaBH4 in the cell for UV-Vis measurements. Immediately, the colour change was observed from light yellow to deep yellow. 0.5 mL of AuNPs solution was added to the above mixture. The UV-Vis spectra were recorded with a time interval of 1 min in a scanning range of 200-600nm at ambient temperature (25±20C).
Sargassum latifolium samples were collected during late spring from the intertidal zone of Hurghada, Egypt (27° 12′ N, 33° 50′ E). The macroalgal biomass was air-dried and milled in a home blender. 1.1. Alginate extraction In the extraction process, milled seaweed biomass (1.5 % w/v) was acidified with 2 % citric acid solution with shaking (200 rpm) for 2 h at room temperature.
